RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cells of the liver and kidneys are perpetually exposed to free radicals from endogenous and exogenous sources. High-intensity physical exercise can induce oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the effects of tempe extract on cell damage in the liver and kidneys of rats after intensive physical exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used five experimental groups: T0 (non-exercised control rats), T1 (rats made to exercise by swimming), and T2-T4 (rats made to exercise by swimming treated with 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight tempe extract). The biochemical parameters that were analyzed included blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels. The morphology of liver and kidney tissues was histopathologically and immunohistochemically analyzed. RESULTS: Tempe extract treatment reduced cell damage in the liver and kidney tissues of rats, characterized by decreased expression of caspase-3. In addition, the ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, and BUN levels of rats were significantly lower in tempe extract-treated rats than in rats after swimming exercise alone. CONCLUSION: Tempe extract is capable of reducing cell damage and apoptosis in the liver and kidney cells of rats after intensive physical exercise and maintaining biochemical properties similar to the normal physiological state.
RESUMEN
Purple sweet potato (PSP) contains antioxidant compounds and it can be used to prevent oxidative damage to cellular components of human body. The research purpose is to find out the potential of PSP extract on inhibiting glycation process and free radicals scavenging activities. Purple sweet potato was extracted using ethanol 25, 50, and 75% (PSP25, PSP50, PSP75) and then it was analyzed for free radical scavenging activities and antiglycation in forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs) using spectrophotometric method. Then all the collected data were examined with one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). The results showed that PSP extract has antioxidant activities and antiglycation properties.Based on IC50 values, PSP75 extract has a lower IC50 value compared to PSP25 and PSP50 (P <0.05) and has better activity in scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals. This potentiality was shown by the IC50 value of each PSP extract. The value of IC50 of scavenging DPPH radical acitivity for PSP25, PSP50, PSP75 extracts was respectively 281.08, 254.94, and 241.30 µg/mL. The value of IC50 scavenging hydroxyl radicals was respectively 1.03, 088, and 0,79 mg/mL, and the IC50 value of scavenging radicals of superoxide anion was respectively 1.10, 0.97, and 0.82 mg/mL. The absorbance value of PSP75 in the BNT test and Fluorescence intensity are lower than PSP25 and PSP50, so that PSP75 extract is better at inhibiting glycation reaction.It can be concluded that the PSP extract has the potential in the inhibition of the glycation reaction and in the activity of elimination of free radicals (DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals).
Batata-doce roxa (PSP) contém compostos antioxidantes e pode ser usada para prevenir o dano oxidativo aos componentes celulares do corpo humano. O objetivo da pesquisa é descobrir o potencial do extrato de PSP na inibição do processo de glicação e atividades de eliminação de radicais livres. A batata-doce roxa foi extraída usando etanol 25, 50 e 75% (PSP25, PSP50, PSP75) e, em seguida, foi analisada quanto a atividades de eliminação de radicais livres e antiglicação na formação de produtos finais de glicação avançada (AGEs) usando método espectrofotométrico. Em seguida, todos os dados coletados foram examinados com uma análise de variância simples (one-way ANOVA) (p <0,05). Os resultados mostraram que o extrato de PSP possui atividade antioxidante e propriedades antiglicantes. O extrato de PSP75 apresentou a maior atividade de eliminação dos radicais DPPH, hidroxila e superóxido significativamente maiores (P <0,05) que os extratos PSP25 e PSP50. Esta potencialidade foi demonstrada pelo valor de IC50 de cada extrato de PSP. O valor de IC50 da atividade de eliminação do radical DPPH para os extractos PSP25, PSP50, PSP75 foi respectivamente de 281,08, 254,94 e 241,30 g/mL. O valor IC50 dos sequestrantes dos radicais hidroxila foi, respectivamente, de 1,03, 088 e 0,79 mg/mL, e o valor de IC50 dos radicais sequestrantes do superóxido foi, respectivamente, 1,10, 0,97 e 0,82 mg/mL. Como antiglicante, o extrato de PSP75 tem uma capacidade melhor do que PSP25 e PSP50 em inibir produtos de AGEs. Pode-se concluir que o extrato etanólico PSP75 possui alta atividade antioxidante e potencial como antiglicante.
