RESUMEN
Essential oil of Homalomena pineodora inhibits diabetic pathogens; however, the activity was not sustainable when applied as wound dressing. This study aims to synthesise the essential oil nanoparticle using chitosan. The nanoparticles were synthesised with ion gelation method, confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. The spherical nanoparticles display a size of 70 nm, with strong surface charge of +24.10 mV. The nanoparticles showed an initial burst release followed by a slow release pattern for 72 h, following the first order of kinetic. The release behaviour was ideal for wound dressing. The antimicrobial activity was broad spectrum. The formation of nanoparticle enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy of the essential oil. The nanoparticle also showed a concentration-dependent killing behaviour on time-kill assay. In the 3D collagen wound models, the nanoparticles reduced the microbial growth by 60-80%. In conclusion, H. pineodora nanoparticles showed pharmaceutical potential in inhibiting microbial growth on diabetic ulcers.
Asunto(s)
Araceae/química , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus/microbiología , Nanopartículas/química , Aceites Volátiles/uso terapéutico , Cicatrización de Heridas , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Quitosano/química , Colágeno/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/patología , Liberación de Fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Nanopartículas/ultraestructura , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Tamaño de la Partícula , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
Rhaphidophora megasperma Engl., a species hitherto regarded as endemic to Sarawak, East Malaysia, is published as a new record for Peninsular Malaysia. It is the first species in the Rhaphidophora Spathacea group recorded for western Sunda. The species is illustrated and a key to the perforate-laminated Rhaphidophora in Peninsular Malaysia is presented.
RESUMEN
Homalomena galbana Baharuddin S. & P.C. Boyce is described from the Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sabah, representing the first species of the Homalomena Supergroup to be recorded from Sabah, and the first mesophytic species of the Supergroup to be described from Borneo. The species is illustrated and a brief discussion on the pollination role of interpistillar staminodes is presented.