RESUMEN
Avoided resonance crossings (ARC) in plasmonic nanodisk structures due to near field or far field couplings were numerically demonstrated. Near field coupling in disk dimmer with both vertical or side-by-side arrangement leads to both energy and linewidth anti-crossing by varying one disk size across the other. Far field coupling in double layered disk arrays of extremely small gap size or gap size with Fabry Perot resonant condition close to the frequency selective surface (FSS) stopband center leads to non-reciprocal absorption spectrum as one disk size varying across the other. We observe linewidth anti-crossing but energy crossing of the absorption peak from different side illumination by varying either the size of one disk array or the gap in hetero disk arrays. The disappearing of Fabry-Perot resonant mode from one side illumination and the appearing of nonreciprocal nearly perfect absorption from the other side illumination are well explained by a FSS-Fabry-Perot model.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening is a routine for long-term hemodialysis patients because of a high risk for infection. Enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) is a simple tool for screening HIV, but clinically false-positive EIA is a frequent result. Other tests such as Western blot analysis (WB) and HIV DNA and RNA by polymerase chain reaction have better specificity and sensitivity, but they cannot be accessible in many dialysis units. METHODS: Four hundred and four patients with end stage renal disease on long-term hemodialysis were screened with EIA for HIV antibodies. Repeated EIA was performed if the first test was positive result. WB was used as the confirmatory test. RESULTS: Two persons initially showed a positive EIA pattern among the 404 patients, but nobody had positive WB test result later. CONCLUSION: The ratio of false-positive EIA results for screening HIV is relatively high in long-term hemodialysis patients. Further tests should be employed to confirm the diagnosis.