A neglected cervicovesical fistula diagnosed and repaired by combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy: A case report and review of literature.

Objective: To analyze a case of neglected cervicovesical fistula with intrauterine adhesions caused by cesarean section. Methods: A 36-year-old female patient with a history of two previous cesarean sections complained of the absence of menstruation for the last 18 months. The diagnosis of the cervicovesical fistula was made through hysteroscopy and cystoscopy. The reconstruction of the uterus and bladder was achieved by a laparoscopic repair technique. Results: The patient resumed normal menstruation postoperatively without complaining of any complications. Uterine continuity and cavity had been restored to normal at the second look of hysteroscopy. Conclusions: Cervicovesical fistula with intrauterine adhesions is very rare in our clinical work. Hysteroscopy might play an essential role in diagnosing cervicovesical fistula and IUA. In our literature review, a surgical approach was the mainstay and definitive management of the cervicovesical fistula following a cesarean section.

Carbetocin Controls Intraoperative Blood Loss and Thickness of Myometrium in Scar Uterus Cases.

Objective: To study the effect of carbetocin on intraoperative blood loss and thickness of myometrium during cesarean section with the scarred uterus at term pregnancy. Methods: Pregnant women with full-term gestational scar uterus who underwent cesarean section from March 1, 2021, to April 30, 2022, were retrospectively collected and divided into a reference group (using oxytocin) or a study group (using carbetocin). The clinical data of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed, and the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, uterine contraction effect, changes in the myometrium, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 103 pregnant women were retrieved. There were 44 cases in the reference group and 59 cases in the study group. There were significant differences in operation time, intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay, postoperative adverse events, uterine fundus wall thickness, anterior wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, and uterine contraction effect between the two groups (p=0.0001, 0.005, 0.006, 0.001, 0.0004, 0.003, 0.001, and 0.005, respectively). There were no significant differences in estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) between the two groups before the surgery (p=0.596, 0.840, and 0.940, respectively), but there were significant differences after the surgery (p=0.011, 0.001, and 0.005, respectively). Conclusion: The use of carbetocin in the cesarean section of a full-term scar uterus is significantly effective in shortening the operation time, reducing the amount of intraoperative blood loss, and promoting the recovery of the uterus.

[Effects of retention density on growth, biomass, and economic benefit of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation]. / 保留密度对杉木人工林生长和生物量及经济效益的影响.

We examined the effects of retention density on plant DBH (diameter at breast height), height, volume growth, stand biomass, and stand economic benefit of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation by Pingxiang, Guangxi Province. Four treatments of different retention density were set up a 14-year middle-aged Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, 500, 750 and 1000 trees·hm-2, with stand without thinning as the control (1500 trees·hm-2). Results showed that DBH (20.55 cm), increment in height (15.70 m), and large-diameter timber volume (18.31 m3·hm-2) of the C. lanceolata plantation were the highest in 500 trees·hm-2 treatment. The volume of living trees was the highest in the control (199.63 m3·hm-2), which was significantly higher than that in 500 and 750 trees·hm-2. The biomass of arbor layer and ecosystem, as well as the economic benefit differed significantly across the treatments, with arborous biomass (90.72 t·hm-2), ecosystem biomass (94.97 t·hm-2), and economic benefit (1.184×105 yuan·hm-2) of 1000 trees·hm-2 treatment being significantly higher than others. Reducing stand retention density increased the DBH, plant height, timber diameter, proportion of large diameter timber, average volume and biomass of single timber, but it did not enhance the volume of living trees. The retention density of 1000 trees·hm-2 was the optimum for middle-aged C. lanceolata plantation. Compared with the control, it significantly increased the total stand volume, arbor biomass, ecosystem biomass, and economic benefit by 2.3%, 5.7%, 4.7%, and 5.8%, respectively.

Cornual Suture at the Time of Laparoscopic Salpingectomy Reduces the Incidence of Interstitial Pregnancy after In Vitro Fertilization.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cornual suture at the time of laparoscopic salpingectomy on the incidence of interstitial pregnancy (IP) after in vitro fertilization (IVF). DESIGN: Single-center, retrospective review (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: Patients with hydrosalpinx who were treated with salpingectomy before IVF-embryo transfer and managed in our center were included in this study. INTERVENTIONS: A total of 542 patients who underwent laparoscopic salpingectomy from April 2011 to March 2014 comprised group A. A total of 502 patients who underwent cornual suture at the time of laparoscopic salpingectomy from April 2014 to February 2016 comprised group B. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall IP rate was significantly lower in group B (7/293, 2.39%) than in group A (27/373, 7.24%; p < .05). The intrauterine pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy/live birth rates were significantly higher in group B than in group A (both p < .05). All 34 patients with IP underwent laparoscopic cornuostomy and cornual repair. Seven of 11 patients with combined interstitial and intrauterine pregnancies carried the intrauterine pregnancy to term and delivered via cesarean section, whereas 4 patients underwent inevitable miscarriage. IP rupture occurred in 8 of 34 patients at a mean of 23.43 ± 2.77 days after embryo transfer. The earliest time of rupture was on day 20 after embryo transfer. CONCLUSION: An optimized salpingectomy technique plays an important role in pretreatment before embryo transfer in patients with hydrosalpinx. Cornual suture at the time of salpingectomy helps reduce the risk of IP.

Genome sequencing of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) provides insight into high starch and low fat accumulation and domestication.

Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), an important legume crop, is grown in more than 30 countries of the world. The seed of adzuki bean, as an important source of starch, digestible protein, mineral elements, and vitamins, is widely used foods for at least a billion people. Here, we generated a high-quality draft genome sequence of adzuki bean by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The assembled contig sequences reached to 450 Mb (83% of the genome) with an N50 of 38 kb, and the total scaffold sequences were 466.7 Mb with an N50 of 1.29 Mb. Of them, 372.9 Mb of scaffold sequences were assigned to the 11 chromosomes of adzuki bean by using a single nucleotide polymorphism genetic map. A total of 34,183 protein-coding genes were predicted. Functional analysis revealed that significant differences in starch and fat content between adzuki bean and soybean were likely due to transcriptional abundance, rather than copy number variations, of the genes related to starch and oil synthesis. We detected strong selection signals in domestication by the population analysis of 50 accessions including 11 wild, 11 semiwild, 17 landraces, and 11 improved varieties. In addition, the semiwild accessions were illuminated to have a closer relationship to the cultigen accessions than the wild type, suggesting that the semiwild adzuki bean might be a preliminary landrace and play some roles in the adzuki bean domestication. The genome sequence of adzuki bean will facilitate the identification of agronomically important genes and accelerate the improvement of adzuki bean.