[Efficacy comparison of three vascular recanalization in patients with acute vertebrobasilar occlusion].

Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic effects of intravenous thrombolysis, intra-artery thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy on patients with acute vertebrobasilar occlusion. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients with acute vertebrobasilar occlusion, admitted to Huai'an First People's Hospital and Bingtuan Qishi Hospital from January 2014 to January 2016, was performed. According to different vascular recanalization, these patients were divided into intravenous thrombolysis group, intra-artery thrombolysis group and mechanical thrombectomy group. Clinical outcomes were compared among the three groups such as recanalization rates( modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction[mTICI]≥2b), changes of NIHSS scores after 24 hours(scores decreased at least 4 points or complete resolution of symptoms), symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage rate(European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study Ⅱ standard) and modified Rankin scale(mRS) score improvement 3 months after treatment. Results: Among patients from mechanical thrombectomy group, the recanalization rate was 87.5%(28/32), 22 patients(68.8%)got good outcome according to the significant decrease of NIHSS scores, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 3 patient (9.4%), the rate of good prognosis(mRS≤2) at 3 months was 50.0% (16/32). In patients from intravenous thrombolysis group, the rate of recanalization was 34.8% (16/46), 12 patients(26.1%)got apparent decrease of NIHSS scores, symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 14 patients(30.4%), the rate of good clinical outcome(mRS ≤2) at 3 months was 17.4%(8/46). Among patients from intra-arterial thrombolysis group, the recanalization rate was 53.3%(16/30), 12 patients(40.0%) got good outcome according to the significant decrease in NIHSS score, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 6 patients(20.0%), the rate of good prognosis(mRS≤2) at 3 months was 26.7%(8/30). The rate of complete recanalization and NIHSS score improvement at 24 hours were significantly higher in the mechanical thrombectomy group than the intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis group(χ(2)=21.324, P<0.001; χ(2)=14.162, P=0.001). The good outcome(mRS≤2) at 3 months was more frequent in the mechanical thrombectomy group than the intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis group (χ(2)=9.799, P=0.007). The differences of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate among the three treatment groups were not statistically significant(χ(2)=5.035, P=0.081). Conclusion: As compared with the intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis, the mechanical thrombectomy has better efficiency and safety in the treatment of acute vertebrobasilar occlusion.

Genetic diversity of natural populations of Machilus thunbergii, an endangered tree species in eastern China, determined with ISSR analysis.

The genetic diversity of 10 Machilus thunbergii populations in eastern China was analyzed using inter-simple sequence repeat markers. The populations showed high genetic diversity, with an overall population genetic diversity of 0.2343. Genetic diversity varied largely among populations, and populations with the highest genetic diversity were mainly from the eastern and western parts of the natural distribution area. Small populations, lack of effective gene flow, and fragmentation of habitats have led to greater genetic differentiation among populations, with 41.18% of genetic variation existing among populations. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean cluster analysis indicated that populations distributed between latitudes 25° and 31°N were clustered together and should be prioritized for in situ conservation. Northern, eastern, and southern populations were located in peripheral areas of the distribution range and were clustered separately. Collection of distinctive germplasm from peripheral populations should be promoted and ex situ conservation of elite germplasm should be implemented.

Changes in peripheral blood Th1 and Th2 cells in rat liver transplantation under different immune statuses.

In this study, early expressions of peripheral blood Th1 and Th2 cells were documented following rat liver transplantation and related to immune status. Rats were divided into 3 groups: group A (control): syngeneic transplantation (Brown Norway (BN) → BN); group B: allogeneic transplantation + cyclosporine A (CsA); group C: allogeneic transplantation (Lewis → BN). Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood CD4(+)CD45RC percentage on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 following transplantation, and were compared to graft rejection pathological grades and receptor survival times. The average survival of groups A and B exceeded 100 days, which was significantly longer than that of group C (3.56 ± 34.3 days). With the exception of the first day, rejection grades were significantly higher in groups C and B compared to group A, and group C rejection grades were significantly higher than those of group B. Three days after transplantation, the CD4(+)CD45RC(+) to CD4(+)CD45RC(-) ratio of group C was significantly higher than that of groups A and B. In group B, the CD4(+)CD45RC(+) to CD4(+)CD45RC(-) ratio was negatively correlated to the rejection grade (r = -0.565, P < 0.01), whereas this relationship was positive in group C (r = 0.745, P < 0.01). In conclusion, peripheral blood Th1 was highly expressed during rejection in rat liver grafts. Peripheral blood Th2 tended to increase early under rejection inhibition with CsA, and its high expression level may correlate with long-term acceptance or tolerance of transplanted livers.