[Residual status, toxicity, and analytical method of banned pesticides in traditional Chinese medicines].

A total of 33 pesticides have been banned from Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces(plants) according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition). According to the chemical structures, they are mainly divided into seven categories: organophosphorus compounds, organochlorines, carbamates, amidines, sulfonylureas, phenylpyrazoles, and ethers. These banned pesticides exhibit neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, immune system toxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis, seriously damaging human and animal health. They affect not only the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicines and resulting products, but also their competitiveness in the international market. Due to the numerous varieties of traditional Chinese medicines and their complex substrates, it is necessary to establish a universal and highly sensitive method for pesticide residue detection. This review systematically summarized the residual status, toxicity, and analytical methods of banned pesticides in traditional Chinese medicines, and forecasted the prospects of different analytical techniques, so as to provide reference for further safety and risk assessment of banned pesticide residues in traditional Chinese medicines, thus ensuring the safe production of traditional Chinese medicines.

[Synthesis of N-(solanesylpiperazine-alkyl)-9-anthracenemethylamines and its interaction with DNA].

Two novel N-solanesylpiperazine triamines (4a, 4b) were synthesized and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, MS, and elemental analysis. The preliminary in vitro tests revealed that the IC50 values of compound 4a and 4b on L1210 were 4.3 and 3.1 micromol respectively. The interaction of 4b with DNA was also investigated via UV and FL spectra with N1-(4-aminobutyl)-N4-(9-anthracenylmethyl) butane-1,4-diamine (5) as the reference compound. The results revealed that compound 5 could quench the fluorescence of DNA-EB system, while compound 4b had the opposite function. Further tests proved that the fluorescence of compound 5 and 4b could be both quenched by DNA. It was speculated that compound 4b, with the long chain and two tertiary nitrogens, interacted with DNA by the static attraction or was partially embedded into DNA, while compound 5 was typically inserted into DNA.