[Type 1 diabetes in children: Prevalence, morbidity and mortality in the Russian Federation].

Over the past 10 years, the results of epidemiological studies in different countries indicate an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) among children. According to IDF, currently 430,000 children with diabetes are registered in the world. Annual growth is 3%. In 2003, 65,000 new cases of diabetes were reported. In the Russian Federation, epidemiological studies have begun relatively recently. In 1996, the State Register of SD (GDSD) was created. Monitoring of the main epidemiological indicators of type 1 diabetes in the children's population of the Russian Federation is an integral part of the organization of medical and preventive care for children. GDSD allows you to objectively assess the epidemic situation in Russia, individual federal districts and regions located in different geographical areas, to assess the quality of the provision of medical and preventive care to children, to predict the incidence rate and to plan measures aimed at improving the effectiveness of the children's diabetes service. Since 2001, the Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology of the State Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences has been analyzing the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children in the Russian Federation using specially designed questionnaires.

[Long-term results of therapeutic education of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

The paper presents the results of a prospective (13-year) study of the effectiveness of a diabetes teaching and treatment program (DTTP) for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to the frequency of follow-up visits to the Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The intensive follow-up subgroup comprised the patients who had visited the center at least every 4-6 months after DTTP (Group 1). These visits had included regular measure-ments of the level of HbA1c; recommendations on insulin dosage adjustment regimens; discussion of the results of glycemia self-monitoring according to the patient's diabetes diary, etc. The other subgroup consisted of the patients who were followed up only in the urban health care system. The baseline compensation of carbohydrate metabolism was poor. Subgroup analysis of the changes in the level of HbA1c indicated that Group 1 patients had its significantly lower levels 7 and 13 years after DTTP. There was an inverse correlation between the level of HbA1c and the rate of glycemia self-monitoring. The study demonstrated the high effectiveness of DTTP in reducing the incidence of acute and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, the number of hospital admissions for diabetes and sick leave days throughout the follow-up.