RESUMEN
Four strains (SB-PR, SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM) of Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) were used in this study. SB-PR is known to be trypanocide-sensitive, while the others are trypanocide-resistant to suramin, diminazene diaceturate, and melarsomine hydrochloride, respectively. SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM are derivatives of a single field isolate of SB-PR. Trypanocide resistance will not only increase costs and decrease production efficiency but will also affect effective treatment strategies. Therefore, studies on this topic are important to avoid inefficient production and ineffective treatment. This paper aims to presents a comparative molecular characterization of the trypanocide-resistant strains compared to the parent population. Comparative molecular characterization of these strains based on a protein profile analysis performed with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), DNA fingerprinting of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and the molecular characterization of expression-site-associated 6 (ESAG6), variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), and T. evansi adenosine transporter-1 (TevAT1) gene sequences. The results show three derived strains (SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM) exhibit different banding patterns than SB-PR. According to the RAPD results, SB-RS and SB-RD are different strains with DNA fingerprint similarities of about 77.8â¯%, while the DNA fingerprint of SB-RM has a similarity of 44.4â¯% to SB-RS and SB-RD. No differences in VSG were found among the four strains; however, ESAG6 showed differences in both nucleotide and amino acid sequences, as well as in its secondary and 3D structure. In conclusion, all molecular analyses of the ESAG6 gene showed that SB-PR, SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM are different strains. Furthermore, SB-PR, SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM did not exhibit the TevAT1 gene, so the resistance mechanism was determined to be unrelated to that gene.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The study aimes to determine the effect of administering anti-T. gondii membrane IgY against liver damage (Necrotic index) and the effectiveness of the antibody's delivery time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research was a laboratory experiment with five treatments and five replicantions. Each treatment used female mice (Mus musculus) as animal models. The treatment groups consisted of a P0 group (not infected), P1 group (infected), P2 group (anti- T. gondii membrane IgY given one day before infection), P3 group (anti-T. gondii membrane IgY given together with infection) and P4 group (anti-T. gondii membrane IgY given two days after the infection. A dose of anti- T. gondii membrane IgY as many as 75 ug/head and infectious dose of 10 tachyzoites/head were given. Four days after infection mice were sacrified and examined. Finally, necrotic index in histopathological liver using Hematoxylin Eosin. RESULTS: The percentage of necrotic index liver showed that result treatment of P2 and P3 treatment that lower than another treatment. CONCLUSION: Thus, it can be concluded that administration of anti-T. gondii membrane IgY can reduce liver cell necrotic index and it was greatest when given before and simultaneously with infection.
