RESUMEN
In a 6-month-old, intact female, Japanese spitz presenting with severe dyspnea, lung ultrasonography revealed confluent B lines associated with severe echocardiographic left sided volume overload and systolic dysfunction. A congenital shunt or valvular dysplasia was not demonstrable. On electrocardiogram, there was a constant sinus rhythm, respectively sinus tachycardia. Cardiac troponin I was normal. Within 2 days of admission, the dog died of heart failure. On macroscopic postmortem examination, the left ventricle and atrium were markedly dilated, and the left ventricular endocardium had a mild diffuse whitish appearance. Histopathology revealed moderate to severe thickening of the left ventricular endocardium, composed mostly of abundant elastic fibers and fewer collagen fibers, diagnostic for endocardial fibroelastosis. In addition, there were mild degenerative changes of the atrioventricular valves. Endocardial fibroelastosis is a rare congenital disease and should be considered in a young dog if more common causes of echocardiographic dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype are ruled out.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Fibroelastosis Endocárdica/veterinaria , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/veterinaria , Animales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Perros/fisiopatología , Perros , Disnea/etiología , Disnea/veterinaria , Ecocardiografía/veterinaria , Fibroelastosis Endocárdica/complicaciones , Fibroelastosis Endocárdica/diagnóstico , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , LinajeRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: In a proof of concept, PCV2-specific IgG-antibodies from testicular tissue fluid of seven-day-old castrated piglets were measured to verify the vaccination status of their mothers. Twelve randomly selected sows were vaccinated twice during the last third of gestation with a PCV2 vaccine, while ten controls received only adjuvant. PCV2- specific IgG-antibody titers of serum and colostrum from the sows were correlated with PCV2-specific IgG-antibody titers of serum and testicular tissue fluid of their castrated male offspring. Vaccinated sows showed significantly higher average PCV2-specific IgG-antibody titers in serum (29250 ELISA units, EU) and colostrum (65410 EU) compared to 980 EU and 2630 EU of the control group, respectively. Moreover, significantly higher average concentrations of antibodies were also measured in the serum (9362 EU vs. 247 EU) and the testicular tissue fluid (4022 EU vs. 354 EU) of piglets from vaccinated compared to piglets from adjuvant administered sows. Importantly, a strong linear correlation between PCV2-specific IgG-antibodies in the serum of the piglets and in their testicular tissue fluid was found (rs = 0.9148). PCV2-specific IgG-antibody titers of testicular tissue fluid from five randomly selected piglets allowed the determination of the vaccination status of the herd with a reliability of 98% for vaccinated and 73% for unvaccinated sows. Furthermore, using castration waste products is a very animal friendly method to replace painful and time-consuming blood samplings for herd monitoring or to verify vaccination status.
INTRODUCTION: Dans une preuve de concept, les anticorps IgG spécifiques au PCV2 provenant de liquide tissulaire testiculaire de porcelets castrés âgés de sept jours ont été mesurés pour vérifier le statut vaccinal de leur mère. Douze truies sélectionnées au hasard ont été vaccinées deux fois au cours du dernier tiers de la gestation avec un vaccin PCV2, tandis que dix témoins n'ont reçu que l'adjuvant. Les titres d'anticorps IgG spécifiques au PCV2 dans le sérum et le colostrum des truies étaient corrélés avec les titres d'anticorps IgG spécifiques au PCV2 dans le sérum et le liquide tissulaire testiculaire de leur progéniture mâle castrée. Les truies vaccinées ont montré des titres moyens d'anticorps IgG spécifiques au PCV2 significativement plus élevés dans le sérum (29250 unités ELISA, UE) et le colostrum (65410 UE) par rapport à respectivement 980 UE et 2630 UE dans le groupe témoin. De plus, des concentrations moyennes d'anticorps significativement plus élevées ont également été mesurées dans le sérum (9362 EU contre 247 EU) et le liquide tissulaire testiculaire (4022 EU contre 354 EU) de porcelets vaccinés par rapport aux porcelets de truies n'ayant reçu que l'adjuvant. Il est important de noter une forte corrélation linéaire entre les anticorps IgG spécifiques au PCV2 dans le sérum des porcelets et ceux présents dans leur liquide tissulaire testiculaire (rs = 0,9148). Les titres d'anticorps IgG spécifiques au PCV2 dans le liquide tissulaire testiculaire provenant de cinq porcelets sélectionnés au hasard ont permis de déterminer le statut vaccinal du troupeau avec une fiabilité de 98% pour les truies vaccinées et 73% pour les truies non vaccinées. De plus, l'utilisation de déchets de castration est une méthode très respectueuse des animaux pour remplacer les douloureux et longs prélèvements sanguins pour la surveillance du troupeau ou pour vérifier le statut vaccinal.
Asunto(s)
Crianza de Animales Domésticos/métodos , Anticuerpos Antivirales/análisis , Circovirus/inmunología , Porcinos/inmunología , Vacunación/veterinaria , Vacunas Virales/inmunología , Crianza de Animales Domésticos/normas , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Testículo/inmunologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Post-mortem diagnostics are an important tool for disease diagnosis and therefore early detection of (re-)emerging animal diseases and zoonoses as well as nationwide disease surveillance programs. To counteract the decline of porcine necropsies in Switzerland over the last ten years, the Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO) launched a national project in 2014 called PathoPig. Post-mortem examinations of pigs from herds with health problems were financially supported by the FSVO. During the first 3 years of the project, the number of pig necropsies increased by 195% (mean). An underlying cause of disease was identified in 74% of the cases. These findings resulted in specific recommendations by the attending veterinarians or by the Swiss Porcine Health Service. A follow-up survey revealed that herd health had improved in 90% of the farms implementing the recommendations.
INTRODUCTION: Les diagnostics post-mortem constituent un outil important pour le diagnostic des maladies et, partant, la détection précoce des maladies animales et des zoonoses (ré)-émergentes ainsi que pour les programmes nationaux de surveillance des maladies. Pour contrer le déclin des nécropsies porcines en Suisse au cours des dix dernières années, l'Office fédéral de la sécurité alimentaire et vétérinaire (OSAV) a lancé en 2014 un projet national baptisé PathoPig. Les examens post-mortem des porcs provenant d'exploitations avec des problèmes de santé ont été soutenus financièrement par l'OSAV. Au cours des trois premières années du projet, le nombre de nécropsies porcines a augmenté de 195% (moyenne). Une cause sous-jacente de maladie a été identifiée dans 74% des cas. Ces constatations ont abouti à des recommandations spécifiques des vétérinaires participants ou du Service sanitaire porcin suisse. Une enquête de suivi a révélé que la santé des troupeaux s'était améliorée dans 90% des exploitations appliquant les recommandations.
Asunto(s)
Crianza de Animales Domésticos/métodos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/prevención & control , Crianza de Animales Domésticos/estadística & datos numéricos , Animales , Autopsia/estadística & datos numéricos , Autopsia/veterinaria , Diagnóstico Precoz , Granjas/estadística & datos numéricos , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/patología , Suiza , Veterinarios , Medicina Veterinaria/métodos , Medicina Veterinaria/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
The oral application of a newly developed ferrous bisglycinate paste for suckling piglets at a dose of 180 mg/kg body weight led to increased death rates in 10% (n = 10) of Swiss test pig breeding farms (n = 100). Necropsy examination of suckling piglets (n = 12), selected randomly from the test farms with increased death rates, demonstrated severe gastric mucosal ulceration and necrosis. Due to the presence of crystalline iron surface coating within the gastric lesions, the iron was considered as the toxic principle and cause of death. To demonstrate the direct toxicity of ferrous bisglycinate, the paste was administered experimentally to a litter of suckling piglets (n = 11). Different time points (24, 48 and 72 h post partum) and doses (180 mg/kg and 360 mg/kg) were investigated. The manufacturer's recommended dose of 180 mg/kg corresponded to approximately 36 mg Fe/kg and to 6.4 % of the acute lethal dose50 of oral iron in rats. In all piglets the lesions were reproduced and most severe at the earliest time point (24 h post partum) and with the highest applied dose (360 mg/kg). The lesions were in accordance with those described from oral iron intoxication in man, suggesting pigs as an ideal animal model for oral iron toxicity studies.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos Ferrosos/toxicidad , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Glicina/toxicidad , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/inducido químicamente , Administración Oral , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Compuestos Ferrosos/administración & dosificación , Glicina/administración & dosificación , Necrosis/inducido químicamente , PorcinosRESUMEN
In a representative cross-sectional study during 12 months of the years 2008/2009 in four abattoirs in Switzerland, lung and pleura lesions as well as lesions of slaughter carcasses and organs of 34 706 pigs were studied for frequency and type of macroscopic lesions. Of the 24276 examined pigs, 91.2% of the lungs, 94.4% of the heart and 95.5% of the livers showed no macroscopically visible lesions. Pigs that were produced for a label program had significantly less bronchopneumonia and pneumonia residuals, pleuritis and liver lesions due to echinococcosis. Pigs supervised by the Swiss Pig Health Service (SGD), showed significantly less bronchopneumonia and pneumonia residuals, diffuse pleuritis, pleuritis/pericarditis and milkspots compared to the non-SGD supervised farms. Thanks to the national eradication program for enzootic pneumonia (EP) and actinobacillosis, the health-status of lungs has been considerably improved and the prevalence of pleurisy decreased considerably. The results of this study indicate a good herd health in Swiss pig production.
Asunto(s)
Actinobacilosis/prevención & control , Pulmón/patología , Pleura/patología , Neumonía Porcina por Mycoplasma/prevención & control , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/patología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/prevención & control , Mataderos , Animales , Estudios Transversales , Hígado/patología , Miocardio/patología , Porcinos , SuizaRESUMEN
Ultrasonography of a six-year-old Simmental cow revealed an abscess like structure, approximately 15 cm in diameter, in place of the right kidney. The cow had a history of colic for 4 days and was referred to our clinic with a tentative diagnosis of caecal dilatation. The cow voided dark opaque urine with white floccules. Laboratory examination yielded increased haematocrit, leukocytosis with left shift, hyperbilirubinaemia and azotaemia. The diagnosis was confirmed, the caecum emptied surgically and the pus-filled structure at the site of the right kidney removed. A diagnosis of pyonephrosis was made after pathological examination of the pus-filled structure.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos , Riñón , Nefrosis , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/cirugía , Femenino , Riñón/diagnóstico por imagen , Riñón/cirugía , Nefrosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Nefrosis/cirugía , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
This case describes the findings in a Swiss Braunvieh cow with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) in the nasopharynx. The major clinical signs were mixed dyspnoea with inspiratory and expiratory noises. Radiographic views of the head revealed an irregular mass with soft-tissue density in the nasopharynx originating from the dorsal pharynx and occupying and restricting the pharyngeal cavity. Endoscopic examination showed a lobulated mass obstructing almost the entire lumen of the aboral nasal passages and nasopharynx. Postmortem examination revealed a lobulated mass in the choanae with a broad attachment to the dorsal pharynx and histologically a soft tissue sarcoma with tumour cells positive for the S-100 and p75NTR (neurotrophin receptor) proteins and negative for CNPase. Electron microscopic examination showed few structures that indicated that the tumour originated from Schwann cells.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/veterinaria , Neurilemoma/veterinaria , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico por imagen , Eutanasia Animal , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patología , Neurilemoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Neurilemoma/patología , RadiografíaRESUMEN
In Switzerland postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), caused by porcine circovirus type 2, was detected for the first time in 2001. To comprise the PMWS epizooty in 2003 - 2006 retrospectively, individual animals were diagnosed according to internationally accepted criteria and temporal and regional patterns of the epizooty were reconstructed. Occurrence of PMWS was predominantly in regions with a high frequency of swine farms (central and eastern Switzerland). Apparently it was spread to other, less affected regions, through trade of infected fattening pigs. Concurrently, disease was found in different establishments of production. Affected were mainly weaners or fattening pigs. In 40 % of the breeding farms and in 25 % of the fattening farms mortality rate was higher than 5 %. Starting in 2003, also a higher frequency of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) diseased pigs was diagnosed. In the years 2004 to 2006 they accounted for about 10 % of the diagnosed PCV2-associated diseases. Besides the characteristic skin- and kidney lesions approximately half of the PDNS cases showed wasting and lymphoid lesions with high quantities of PCV2 antigen. We termed these mixed forms PMWS-PDNS-hybrid forms.
Asunto(s)
Dermatitis/veterinaria , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Animales , Porcinos , Suiza/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) was epizoozic between 2003 and 2008 in Switzerland. Nevertheless, infectious risk factors including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were missing at all or were seen only sporadically (enzootic pneumonia and actinobazillosis). In a case-control study, 30 farms with PMWS affected pigs were compared to 30 inconspicious farms ("matched pairs"). The case-control allocation was verified by PCV2 DNA measurements of 5 healthy weaned pigs in each control farm, 5 healthy and 5 PMWS affected weaners in each PMWS affected farm. Diseased pigs showed in average 1.8x10(8) DNA templates per ml serum significantly higher than healthy pigs from control farms with 1x10(6) DNA templates per ml serum. Virus load in healthy pigs did not differ between control- and PMWS affected farms. PMWS mainly emerged among affected pigs in the 5th to 8th week of age. In a logistic regression model risk factors were identified such as high occupancy in weaning pens (p = 0.002), large groups in gestation facilities (p = 0.03) as well as reduced birth weight < 1.3 kg (p = 0.04). We suggest these factors might have lead to chronic stress e.g. through influencing negatively social interaction in pigs or disturbances of the maturing immune system. Heavy fly and rodent infestation might not only be viewed as a vector for disease transmission, but, also as a stress factor.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/epidemiología , Animales , Estudios de Casos y Controles , ADN Viral/sangre , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/sangre , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/virología , Factores de Riesgo , Sus scrofa , Porcinos , Suiza/epidemiología , Carga ViralRESUMEN
Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is able to induce reproductive failures. 286 fetuses from 113 sows of 59 farms with increased reproductive disorders which included abortions, mummies, stillborn and weak born piglets were studied six years after the beginning of the epizooty of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in Switzerland. 14 % of the cases were bacterial infections based on histological signs of inflammation and pathogen isolation. 12 % further cases showed inflammatory reactions by histology without pathogen identification. PCV2 was identified in only 4 % of cases by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Thus, PCV2 infections are of minor importance in respect to pig reproductive failures in Switzerland. Porcine parvovirus (PPV) infections were found in 3 % of the cases and seem to occur more infrequently compared to former findings. Hitherto, Enteroviruses/Teschovirus were marginally studied in etiologically undefined cases with a prevalence of 11 %. To our knowledge this is the first identification of Enteroviruses/Teschovirus in fetal tissue from reproductive failures in Switzerland. The etiology remained unclear in more than 50 % of all cases in spite of modern diagnostic methods.
Asunto(s)
Aborto Veterinario/epidemiología , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/epidemiología , Aborto Veterinario/virología , Agricultura , Animales , Femenino , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/complicaciones , Embarazo , Mortinato/epidemiología , Mortinato/veterinaria , Porcinos , Suiza/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
This study explores administration of two piglet vaccines as compared to the mono- and adjuvant-application. A vaccine against the Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) cap protein subunit and a vaccine with attenuated live culture against Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis were applied to piglets aged 23.5 days on average. 1'405 animals were divided randomly into four groups. One piglet group was immunized with both vaccines while two other groups were immunized with a combination of one vaccine and adjuvants of alternate vaccination protocol and vice versa. These piglet groups were also compared to a control group supplemented with both adjuvants only. During fattening, pigs, which were simultaneously immunized with Enterisol(®) Ileitis and Ingelvac(®) CircoFLEX(TM) vaccine, gained significantly more weight (792 g/day) when compared to piglet groups mono-vaccinated with Ingelvac® CircoFLEXTM (772 g/day) or either with Enterisol® Ileitis (774 g/day). Moreover, immunized piglet groups showed significantly higher daily weight gain when compared to adjuvants only inoculated control group (751 g/day). Additionally, during fattening the control group displayed higher mortality (6,3 %) than the three vaccinated groups (Ingelvac(®) CircoFLEX(TM) 2,5 %, Enterisol(®) Ileitis 2,3 % and the combination of both vaccines 1,1 %). These data imply that simultaneous immunization with PCV2- and L. intracellularis specific vaccines positively benefit piglet growth observed by an additive effect on growth parameters in farms harboring both pathogens. Return of investment was calculated of 2.10 on the additional Enterisol(®) Ileitis vaccination.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas Bacterianas/administración & dosificación , Vacunación/veterinaria , Vacunas Virales/administración & dosificación , Crianza de Animales Domésticos/métodos , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Circovirus/inmunología , Esquemas de Inmunización , Lawsonia (Bacteria)/inmunología , Distribución Aleatoria , Sus scrofa , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/prevención & control , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Vaccination of dams in a PCV2 subclinically infected farm 2 and 4 weeks before insemination, with a booster at 12 weeks of gestation did not influence fertility parameters of the dams. However, growth parameters of offspring of vaccinated sows improved significantly (+ 51 g/d), resulting in a shorter growing period of 9 days and a massively improved economy. Mortality of weaners and fattening pigs was not significantly influenced by dam vaccination. Nevertheless, compared to a period of 6 months before vaccination, the mortality rate declined in the weaning period by 0,3 % and in the fattening period by 5,5 %. The Return on Investment (ROI) was calculated with 1:9.5. Even, the historically low pork prices in 2011 led to a ROI of 1:7.
Asunto(s)
Crianza de Animales Domésticos/economía , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/economía , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/prevención & control , Vacunación/veterinaria , Vacunas Virales/administración & dosificación , Vacunas Virales/economía , Animales , Sus scrofa , Porcinos , Suiza , Vacunación/economíaRESUMEN
Leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed in the heart of a 3-year-old female guinea pig. Neoplastic tissue was located in the ventricular septum extending into the right ventricular lumen, but was not obvious grossly. Microscopically, the mass was nodular and infiltrative and was composed of streams and bundles of spindle cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells expressed vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin. There was no cross striation of the muscle cells. This is the first report of cardiac leiomyosarcoma in a guinea pig.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Cardíacas/veterinaria , Leiomiosarcoma/veterinaria , Actinas/metabolismo , Animales , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Femenino , Cobayas , Neoplasias Cardíacas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patología , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Leiomiosarcoma/metabolismo , Leiomiosarcoma/patología , Tabique Interventricular/metabolismo , Tabique Interventricular/patología , Vimentina/metabolismoRESUMEN
A 10-year-old Swiss Braunvieh cow near term was referred to our clinic because of severe abdominal distension, which caused loss of demarcation between the udder and ventral abdominal wall. Ultrasonographic examination revealed marked ascites and multiple echogenic nodules in the greater omentum. Based on the findings, non-inflammatory ascites attributable to neoplasia was diagnosed. Rupture of the prepubic tendon from the pubic symphysis was also suspected. Because of a grave prognosis, parturition was induced and a live calf was delivered. The cow was euthanized and a postmortem examination was carried out. The abdominal cavity contained 248.5 litres of clear fluid. The greater omentum was thickened and oedematous and regionally contained fluid-filled cystic structures, which varied in size with a maximum diameter of 10 centimetres. Based on the histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopical findings, biphasic mesothelioma with cyst formation affecting the entire abdominal cavity was diagnosed.
Asunto(s)
Cavidad Abdominal/patología , Neoplasias Abdominales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Mesotelioma/veterinaria , Complicaciones Neoplásicas del Embarazo/veterinaria , Neoplasias Abdominales/patología , Animales , Ascitis/diagnóstico por imagen , Ascitis/veterinaria , Bovinos , Eutanasia Animal , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Mesotelioma/patología , Embarazo , Complicaciones Neoplásicas del Embarazo/patología , Resultado del Embarazo/veterinaria , Pronóstico , UltrasonografíaAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Circoviridae/veterinaria , Muerte Fetal/veterinaria , Infertilidad Femenina/veterinaria , Mortinato/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/virología , Animales , Infecciones por Circoviridae/complicaciones , Infecciones por Circoviridae/patología , Circovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Circovirus/ultraestructura , Femenino , Muerte Fetal/patología , Muerte Fetal/virología , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Infertilidad Femenina/virología , Hígado/patología , Hígado/ultraestructura , Hígado/virología , Miocardio/patología , Embarazo , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/patología , Suiza , SíndromeRESUMEN
Over the last 10 years Swiss Braunvieh cattle with malformations of the pinnae have repeatedly been reported. Endoscopy revealed a shortened and thickened epiglottis and malformations of the arytenoid cartilage in some of these animals. In most cases the elastic cartilage was replaced by fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage. The direct cause and pathogenesis of the malformations could not be determined.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Cartílagos/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Animales , Enfermedades de los Cartílagos/patología , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/genética , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Análisis Citogenético , Endoscopía/veterinaria , Epiglotis/patología , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
In 21 animals, chronic swelling on the lateral aspect of the stifle also known as «perigonitis¼, «stable-syndrome¼ or «bursitis bicipitalis femoris¼ were evaluated. Ultrasonography showed increased fluid in the distal subtendinous bursa of the biceps femoris muscle and structural changes in the tendons, muscles, subcutis and fasciae. Soft tissue swelling and an irregular contour of the lateral tibial condyle were typical signs on radiographs. Macroscopic changes were found at the insertion of the biceps femoris muscle, the distal subtendinous bursa of the biceps femoris muscle, the lateral collateral ligament of the stifle, the origin of muscles on the lateral femoral condyle and the lateral tibial condyle. They mainly consisted of tendon and muscle tissue necrosis with granulation tissue. Histology revealed areas of coagulation necrosis in tendons and ligaments, in which occasionally Onchocerca spp. were seen. The severity of lesions correlated well with the clinical signs, which were associated with a poor prognosis in advanced cases.
Asunto(s)
Bursitis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Enfermedades Musculares/veterinaria , Necrosis/veterinaria , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/patología , Animales , Análisis Químico de la Sangre , Bursitis/complicaciones , Bursitis/diagnóstico , Bursitis/patología , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Femenino , Enfermedades Musculares/complicaciones , Enfermedades Musculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Musculares/patología , Necrosis/complicaciones , Necrosis/diagnóstico , Necrosis/patología , Tendones/patologíaRESUMEN
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the obligate infectious agent in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) of pigs. To control PMWS, we vaccinated dams at 4 and 2 weeks before pregnancy and again in the 12th week of gestation with an inactivated PCV2 vaccine (Circovac). Two producer farms run under the control of Swiss Swine Health Organization were selected for the experiment. Previously, in one farm PMWS was diagnosed on pigs after weaning, whereas in the other farm, pigs wasted during the fattening period. For the experiments 113 dams were randomly vaccinated, and 111 dams were sham injected. Vaccination increased serum antibodies in dams 3- to 9-fold, accompanied by serum antibody titer increases in their offspring. In the sixth week of life, progeny from vaccinated dams had about the same IgG antibody titers as progeny of unvaccinated dams at the third day of life. In sera of vaccinated dams only low concentrations of PCV2 DNA were detected, and no progeny developed PMWS. Interestingly, at day 56 four progeny of unvaccinated dams tested positive for anti-PCV2 IgM antibodies, indicating a primary infection with PCV2. Of economic importance is the observation that progeny of vaccinated dams had a significantly higher daily weight gain in the fattening period (farm X, +51 g/day; farm Y, +30 g/day) and thus a shortened fattening period of about 6 days compared to progeny of controls. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of subclinical circovirus infection and its effects on growth performance of fattening pigs by vaccination of dams.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Circoviridae/veterinaria , Circovirus/inmunología , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/prevención & control , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/veterinaria , Porcinos/inmunología , Vacunación/métodos , Vacunas Virales/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Infecciones por Circoviridae/inmunología , Infecciones por Circoviridae/prevención & control , ADN Viral/sangre , Femenino , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Síndrome Multisistémico de Emaciación Posdestete Porcino/inmunología , Embarazo , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/inmunología , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/prevención & control , Suero/virología , Porcinos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/administración & dosificación , Vacunas de Productos Inactivados/inmunología , Vacunas Virales/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
This report describes a 2.8-year-old Swiss Braunvieh heifer with conjunctival changes as the lead clinical signs of malignant lymphoma. The heifer was referred to our clinic because of conjunctivitis that did not respond to treatment with antibiotics. The patient had bilateral lacrimation, severe swelling of the third eyelids and prolapse of the conjunctivae, which were erythematous and covered with haemorrhagic crusts. A clinical examination revealed enlarged prescapular and prefemoral lymph nodes. Based on cytological examination of a fine needle aspirate from a prescapular lymph node, a tentative diagnosis of malignant lymphoma was made. The heifer was euthanased and a postmortem examination carried out. The conjunctival lesions consisted of diffuse multifocal nodules of varying size. There was generalised lymphadenopathy and beige nodules were seen in several internal organs. Histological and immunohistological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of multicentric leukosis characterised by T-cell lymphoblasts, which had also infiltrated the conjunctivae. Examination of a blood sample for enzootic bovine leukosis virus yielded a negative result.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Conjuntiva/patología , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/veterinaria , Linfoma/veterinaria , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/etiología , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/patología , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Linfoma/complicaciones , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Linfoma/patología , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
This report describes a 4-year-old goat with posterior paresis and subsequent paralysis caused by malignant lymphoma. The goat was referred to our clinic because of progressive posterior ataxia, which developed into posterior paresis and paralysis. The goat was presented in sternal recumbency but was able to assume a dog-sitting position. A neurological examination revealed reduced sensitivity to pricking of the skin with a needle, and a bilateral reduced panniculus reflex. The cerebrospinal fluid was slightly cloudy with increases in the protein concentration and leukocyte count, which consisted of 98 % lymphocytes, 1 % monocytes and 1 % neutrophils; three cells had mitotic figures. Based on the clinical findings, a tentative diagnosis of central nervous system disease of the thoracolumbar spinal cord was made, and euthanasia and postmortem examination were carried out. The lymph nodes in the ileosacral region appeared as a 15 × 12 × 5 cm confluent mass, which involved the ventral vertebral column and infiltrated the spinal canal. Histological examination of the tumour yielded a diagnosis of microcytic malignant lymphoma.