RESUMEN
Groundwater's role in maintaining the well-being of the planet is increasingly acknowledged. Only recently has society recognised groundwater as a key component of the water cycle. To improve public understanding and the proper use of groundwater, the hydrogeological community must expand its efforts in groundwater assessment, management, and communication. The International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) intends to help achieve the United Nation's water-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the adoption of innovative hydrogeological strategies. This essay introduces a topical collection that encapsulates IAH's 2022 'Year for Groundwater'.
Le rôle des eaux souterraines dans le maintien du bien-être de la planète est de plus en plus reconnu. Ce n'est que récemment que la société a reconnu les eaux souterraines comme un élément clé du cycle de l'eau. Pour améliorer la compréhension du public et l'utilisation appropriée des eaux souterraines, la communauté hydrogéologique doit étendre ses efforts en matière d'évaluation, de gestion des eaux souterraines et de communication à leur sujet. L'Association Internationale des Hydrogéologues (AIH) entend contribuer à la réalisation des objectifs du développement durable (ODDs) des Nations unies liés à l'eau par l'adoption de stratégies hydrogéologiques innovantes. Cet essai présente une collection thématique qui résume l''Année pour les eaux souterraines' 2022 de l'AIH.
El papel de las aguas subterráneas para mantener el bienestar del planeta está cada vez más reconocido. Sólo recientemente la sociedad ha reconocido que las aguas subterráneas son un componente clave del ciclo del agua. Para mejorar la comprensión pública y el uso adecuado de las aguas subterráneas, la comunidad hidrogeológica debe aumentar sus esfuerzos en materia de evaluación, gestión y comunicación de las aguas subterráneas. La Asociación Internacional de Hidrogeólogos (AIH) pretende contribuir a la concreción de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de las Naciones Unidas relacionados con el agua mediante la adopción de estrategias hidrogeológicas innovadoras. Este artículo presenta una colección temática que engloba el 2022 como 'Año Internacional para las Aguas Subterráneas' de la AIH.
O papel das águas subterrâneas na manutenção do bem-estar do planeta é cada vez mais reconhecido. Só recentemente a sociedade reconheceu as águas subterrâneas como um componente chave do ciclo da água. Para melhorar a compreensão pública e o uso adequado das águas subterrâneas, a comunidade hidrogeológica deve expandir seus esforços na avaliação, gestão e comunicação das águas subterrâneas. A Associação Internacional de Hidrogeólogos (AIH) pretende ajudar a alcançar os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) das Nações Unidas relacionados à água por meio da adoção de estratégias hidrogeológicas inovadoras. Este ensaio apresenta uma coleção tópica que encapsula o 'Ano para as Águas Subterrâneas' de 2022 da AIH.
RESUMEN
The distribution of the high concentrations of arsenic (As) and fluoride (F-) in groundwater on a Pan-European scale could be explained by the geological European context (lithology and structural faults). To test this hypothesis, seventeen countries and eighteen geological survey organizations (GSOs) have participated in the dataset. The methodology has used the HydroGeoToxicity (HGT) and the Baseline Concentration (BLC) index. The results prove that most of the waters considered in this study are in good conditions for drinking water consumption, in terms of As and/or F- content. A low proportion of the analysed samples present HGT≥ 1 levels (4% and 7% for As and F-, respectively). The spatial distribution of the highest As and/or F- concentrations (via BLC values) has been analysed using GIS tools. The highest values are identified associated with fissured hard rock outcrops (crystalline rocks) or Cenozoic sedimentary zones, where basement fractures seems to have an obvious control on the distribution of maximum concentrations of these elements in groundwaters.
Asunto(s)
Arsénico , Agua Subterránea , Fluoruros/toxicidadRESUMEN
Bottled natural mineral waters from an andesitic aquifer in Slovenia are enriched in magnesium (1.1 g/l), sulphate (2.2 g/l) and dissolved inorganic carbon (204 g/l). We analysed major ions, trace elements, tritium activity, 14C, δ18OH2O, δ2HH2O, δ13CDIC, gas composition and noble gases in six wells. In addition, 87Sr//86Sr, δ34SSO4 and δ11B were analysed here for the first time. Stable isotopes with δ18O = -11.97 to -10.30 and δ2H = -77.3 to -63.8 confirm meteoric origin. CO2 degassing is evident at three wells, causing the oxygen shift of about -1.3. Tritium activity was detectable only in the shallowest well, where the freshwater component was dated to the 1960s. δ13CDIC in five waters is -1.78 to + 1.33, typical of carbonate dissolution. Radiocarbon is low, 1.03-5.16 pMC. Chemical correction with bicarbonate concentration and δ13C correction methods gave best mean residence times, slightly longer than previously published. Sulphate has δ34S 26.6-28.9 and δ18O 8.9-11.1 due to dissolution of evaporites in carbonate rocks. Boron at concentrations of 1.2-6.1 mg/l has two origins: δ11B = 11.3-16.4 from hydrothermal alteration and δ11B = 26.6-31.7 from carbonate dissolution. Strontium at concentrations of 0.5-22.0 mg/l has 87Sr//86Sr, indicating three sources: 0.7106 for Miocene clastic rocks, 0.7082 for Triassic carbonates and 0.7070 for Lower Oligocene andesitic rocks. CO2 represents the majority of the dissolved (> 98.84 vol%) and separated gas (> 95.23 vol%). Methane is only found in two wells with a max. of 0.30 vol%. All waters show excess helium and 16-97% of mantle-derived helium. Since all show subsurface degassing, the paleo-infiltration temperature could not be calculated.
