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1.
ChemSusChem ; 14(3): 758-791, 2021 Feb 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33296559

RESUMEN

Developing metallic nanocatalysts with high reaction activity, selectivity and practical durability is a promising and active subfield in electrocatalysis. In the classical "bottom-up" approach to synthesize stable nanomaterials by chemical reduction, stabilizing additives such as polymers or organic surfactants must be present to cap the nanoparticle to prevent material bulk aggregation. In recent years, biological systems have emerged as green alternatives to support the uncoated inorganic components. One key advantage of biological templates is their inherent ability to produce nanostructures with controllable composition, facet, size and morphology under ecologically friendly synthetic conditions, which are difficult to achieve with traditional inorganic synthesis. In addition, through genetic engineering or bioconjugation, bio-templates can provide numerous possibilities for surface functionalization to incorporate specific binding sites for the target metals. Therefore, in bio-templated systems, the electrocatalytic performance of the formed nanocatalyst can be tuned by precisely controlling the material surface chemistry. With controlled improvements in size, morphology, facet exposure, surface area and electron conductivity, bio-inspired nanomaterials often exhibit enhanced catalytic activity towards electrode reactions. In this Review, recent research developments are presented in bio-approaches for metallic nanomaterial synthesis and their applications in electrocatalysis for sustainable energy storage and conversion systems.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Metales/química , Nanoestructuras/química , Catálisis , Propiedades de Superficie
2.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol ; 17(1): 224-30, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29617549

RESUMEN

Due to its well-understood structural and chemical features, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has attracted interest as a template for producing a variety of novel nanostructured materials and devices. However, for TMV based nanotechnology to reach its potential, controlling the size of TMV rods without using infectious native RNA is a key issue. Here, we re-examine the interactions of TMV coat protein (CP) with poly A RNA. Our results confirm that poly A RNA can induce virus-like rod formation through interactions with the coat protein. In addition, we show that calcium ions have an important role in stabilizing such rods, a previously unknown interaction that enhances the reliability of poly A induced assembly.


Asunto(s)
Calcio/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco , Virión , Calcio/química , Nanotecnología , ARN Mensajero/química , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco/química , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco/genética , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco/metabolismo , Virión/química , Virión/genética , Virión/metabolismo
3.
Nanotechnology ; 19(10): 105504, 2008 Mar 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21817702

RESUMEN

Wild type, mutant, and chemically modified Cowpea mosaic viruses (CPMV) were studied for long term preservation in the presence and absence of cryoprotectants. Viral complexes were reconstituted and tested via fluorescence spectroscopy and a UV/vis-based RNase assay for structural integrity. When viruses lyophilized in the absence of cryoprotectant were rehydrated and RNase treated, UV absorption increased, indicating that the capsids were damaged. The addition of trehalose during lyophilization protected capsid integrity for at least 7 weeks. Measurements of the fluorescence peak maximum of CPMV lyophilized with trehalose and reconstituted also indicate that the virus remained intact. Microarray binding assays indicated that CPMV particles chemically modified for use as a fluorescent tracer were intact and retained binding specificity after lyophilization in the presence of trehalose. Thus, we demonstrate that functionalized CPMV nanostructures can be stored for the long term, enabling their use in practical sensing applications.

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