[Evaluation of the pilot program of medicine dispensation in customized doses in Galicia [Spain]]. / Evaluación del Programa Piloto de Dispensación de Medicamentos en Dosis Personalizada en Galicia.

OBJECTIVE: To quantify, from an economic perspective, the results of the Pilot Program of Dispensation of Medicines in Unitary Dose in Galicia, Spain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study from 35,923 antibiotic prescriptions in customized doses corresponding to 5 active principles (amoxicillin, amoxicilin/clavulanic, claritromicin, cefuroxima axetil and ciprofloxacin). The program, which worked during 12 months, included 292 physicians from 46 units of primary care of the Galician Health Service and 167 offices of pharmacy. RESULTS: 60.57% of the prescribed treatments did not adjust exactly to the conventional presentations existing in the market. Savings in units of antibiotic of the dispensation in customized doses compared with the conventional one has been of 14.32%. Registered economic saving has been of 29.94%. The inclusion of 2 new presentations in amoxiciline and amoxiciline/clavulanic (of 15 and 21 tablets) and of one in the other 3 (cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin of 14 tablets and clarithromycin of 16) would avoid 86.5% of the leftover units without having to implement individualized dispensation. CONCLUSIONS: An important antibiotic stock is being generated in home medicine cabinets as a result of the leftovers of prescribed treatments that in the case of Galicia are equivalent to more than 1,800,000 doses of antibiotic in 2004. This problem could be reduced with the dispensation in customized dose and partially with new presentations.

Evaluación del Programa Piloto de Dispensación de Medicamentos en Dosis Personalizada en Galicia / Evaluation of the Pilot Program of Medicine Dispensation in Customized Doses in Galicia

Objetivo: Evaluar, desde una perspectiva económica, los resultados del Programa Piloto de Dispensación de Medicamentos en Dosis Personalizada en Galicia. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de las 35.923 recetas de antibióticos (amoxicilina, amoxicilina/clavulánico, claritromicina, cefuroxima axetilo y ciprofloxacino) en dosis personalizada generadas en el programa de 12 meses de duración en el que participaron 292 médicos de familia de 46 unidades de atención primaria del Servicio Gallego de Salud y 167 oficinas de farmacia. Resultados: El 60,57% de los tratamientos prescritos no se ajustaba de manera exacta a las presentaciones disponibles en el mercado. El ahorro, en número de unidades, de la dispensación en dosis personalizada frente a la convencional fue del 14,32%. El ahorro económico fue del 29,94%, lo que supondría un 0,46% de la facturación en Galicia. La inclusión de 2 presentaciones nuevas en amoxicilina y amoxicilina/clavulánico (de 15 y 21 comprimidos) y de una en los otros 3 (cefuroxima y ciprofloxacino de 14 comprimidos y claritromicina de 16) evitaría el 86,5% de las unidades sobrantes. Conclusiones: El importante sobrante de tratamientos prescritos (1.800.000 dosis de antibiótico en 2004 para el caso de Galicia) podría reducirse con la dispensación en dosis personalizada y, parcialmente, con la entrada en el mercado de nuevas presentaciones

Objective: To quantify, from an economic perspective, the results of the Pilot Program of Dispensation of Medicines in Unitary Dose in Galicia, Spain. Patients and methods: Retrospective study from 35,923 antibiotic prescriptions in customized doses corresponding to 5 active principles (amoxicillin, amoxicilin/clavulanic, claritromicin, cefuroxima axetil and ciprofloxacin). The program, which worked during 12 months, included 292 physicians from 46 units of primary care of the Galician Health Service and 167 offices of pharmacy. Results: 60.57% of the prescribed treatments did not adjust exactly to the conventional presentations existing in the market. Savings in units of antibiotic of the dispensation in customized doses forehead to the conventional one has been of 14.32%. Registered economic saving has been of 29.94%. The inclusion of 2 new presentations in amoxiciline and amoxiciline/ clavulanic (of 15 and 21 tablets) and of one in the other 3 (cefuroxima and ciprofloxacine of 14 tablets and claritromicine of 16) would avoid 86.5% of the leftover units without having to implement individualized dispensation. Conclusions: An important antibiotic stock is being generated in the domestic medicine kits as a result of the leftovers of prescribed treatments that in the case of Galicia are equivalent to more than 1,800,000 doses of antibiotic in 2004. This problem could be reduced with the dispensation in customized dose and partially with new presentations

[Heterozygous family hypercholesterolemia: study of use of statins under clinical practice conditions]. / Hipercolesterolemia familiar heterocigota: estudio de utilización de estatinas en condiciones de práctica clínica.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the use profile of statins in patients with clinical diagnosis of heterozygous family hypercholesterolaemia (HFH) and the use profile of the general population treated with statins. DESIGN. Retrospective, observational study. SETTING: Galician Health Service, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Patients under 65 years old treated with statins. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: In patients with HFH: number of patients, age, gender, statins used and defined daily dose per patient and day (DDD/patient/day). Variables in the rest of the population treated with statins: number of patients, statins used and DDD/patient/day. RESULTS: In a sample of 331 under-65 patients with HFH, 185 were men (55.86%) and 146 women (44.14%). Their average age was 44.56 years old (95% CI, 43.33-45.80), without statistically significant differences between men and women. Relevant differences in the daily mean consumption (DDD/patient/day) of statins between the studied sample and the rest of the under-65 population treated with statins were found (3.03 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 2.70-3.36] vs 1.33 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 1.16-1.40]; P< .001). These differences were caused by atorvastatin: 70% of HFH patients were being treated with atorvastatin (versus 37.6% of the rest of the population treated with statins). Differences in daily mean consumption of atorvastatin between HFH and the rest of the statin-treated population were also found (3.58 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 3.15-4.02] vs 1.64 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 1.37-1.90]; P< .001). CONCLUSIONS: The DDD/patient/day of statins in HFH patients is double that of the rest of the population treated with statins. The different pattern of use of atorvastatin in HFH is the main reason for these results.

Hipercolesterolemia familiar heterocigota: estudio de utilización de estatinas en condiciones de práctica clínica / Heterozygous family hypercholesterolemia: study of use of statins under clinical practice conditions

Objetivo. Comparar el perfil de utilización de las estatinas en pacientes con hipercolesterolemia familiar heterocigota (HFH) frente al del resto de la población tratada con estatinas. Diseño. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo. Emplazamiento. Servicio Gallego de Salud. Participantes. Pacientes < 65 años tratados con estatinas. Mediciones principales. Variables en los pacientes HFH: número de casos, edad, sexo, estatinas utilizadas y dosis diaria definida consumida por paciente y día (DDD/paciente/día). Variables en el resto de la población tratada con estatinas: número de pacientes, estatinas utilizadas y DDD/paciente/día. Resultados. De 331 pacientes < 65 años con HFH, 185 eran varones (55,86%) y 146 mujeres (44,14%). La edad media fue 44,56 años (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 43,33-45,80), sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre sexos. Se encontraron importantes diferencias en el consumo medio de estatinas entre la población HFH y el resto de población < 65 años tratada con estatinas (3,03 DDD/paciente/día; IC del 95%, 2,70-3,36 frente a 1,33 DDD/paciente/día; IC del 95%, 1,16-1,40; p < 0,001). Estas diferencias están causadas por la atorvastatina: el 70% de los pacientes con HFH estaba tratado con atorvastatina (frente al 37,6% del resto de la población tratada con estatinas). También se evidencia la diferencia de consumo medio de atorvastatina entre HFH y el resto de la población tratada con estatinas (3,58 DDD/paciente/día; IC del 95%, 3,15-4,02 frente a 1,64 DDD/paciente/día; IC del 95%, 1,37-1,90; p < 0,001). Conclusión. En la HFH, la DDD/paciente/día de estatinas duplica la del resto de población tratada con estatinas. El diferente patrón de utilización de la atorvastatina en la HFH es la principal causa de estos resultados

Objectives. To compare the use profile of statins in patients with clinical diagnosis of heterozygous family hypercholesterolaemia (HFH) and the use profile of the general population treated with statins. Design. Retrospective, observational study. Setting. Galician Health Service, Spain. Participants. Patients under 65 years old treated with statins. Main measurements. In patients with HFH: number of patients, age, gender, statins used and defined daily dose per patient and day (DDD/patient/day). Variables in the rest of the population treated with statins: number of patients, statins used and DDD/patient/day. Results. In a sample of 331 under-65 patients with HFH, 185 were men (55.86%) and 146 women (44.14%). Their average age was 44.56 years old (95% CI, 43.33-45.80), without statistically significant differences between men and women. Relevant differences in the daily mean consumption (DDD/patient/day) of statins between the studied sample and the rest of the under-65 population treated with statins were found (3.03 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 2.70-3.36] vs 1.33 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 1.16-1.40]; P<.001). These differences were caused by atorvastatin: 70% of HFH patients were being treated with atorvastatin (versus 37.6% of the rest of the population treated with statins). Differences in daily mean consumption of atorvastatin between HFH and the rest of the statin-treated population were also found (3.58 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 3.15-4.02] vs 1.64 DDD/patient/day [95% CI, 1.37-1.90]; P<.001). Conclusions. The DDD/patient/day of statins in HFH patients is double that of the rest of the population treated with statins. The different pattern of use of atorvastatin in HFH is the main reason for these results

[Use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in Alzheimer-type dementia]. / Utilización de los inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa y la memantina para el tratamiento clinico de la demencia tipo Alzheimer.

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic options to treat Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) in recent years, have made it increasingly necessary to become familiar with the employment pattern of these new medicinal products. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study of the population with ATD treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and/or memantine in the Gallician Health Service. Databases were compiled with the demographic variables and use data during April 2005 of the medicinal products studied. RESULTS: Of the 5110 patients with ATD, 70.47% were women. The mean age of the women was 80.12 and of the men was 78.61 years old, with standard deviations of 6.66 and 7.03, respectively. The female sex was one of the factors associated with presenting ATD to pharmacological treatment (OR: 1.932 [CI 95%: 1.819-2.052]). The medication used most was donepezyl (44.46% of patients). Significant differences were found in that memantine was used to treat more patients in the group of patients < or =64 years (19.7% in < or =64 years vs. 14% in >64 years [p < 0.05]), and donepezyl was preferentially used in patients > or =95 years (75% in > or =95 years vs. 46.9% in <95 years [p < 0.03]). No significant differences were observed in the use of anti-dementia therapy, expressed in DDD/patient/day between the sexes, age groups, or in the age groups separated according to sex. CONCLUSIONS: The use of memantine (in monotherapy or in combination) is more frequent in patients under 64 years old. Female sex was found to be a factor associated with presenting ATD to pharmacological treatment.