The emotional and psychiatric problems of adolescents on parole whose parents are substance users: A Brazilian cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the associations between having parents with substance use problems, and having suffered neglect within the family, and behavioral problems (psychological and drug use) among adolescents. All the participants were enrolled on the socio-educational parole scheme, 'Assisted Freedom'. In this cross-sectional study, 150 adolescents were interviewed using the Drug Abuse Screening Test, Teen Addiction Severity Index, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Ninety-five percent of the participants were male (n = 143), aged 13-17. Thirty percent of adolescents had a parent who used substances and had experienced neglect from their families. Those adolescents who were living with both parents (odds ratio adjusted (ORA) = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-6.37), from a low-income family (ORA = 6.7, 95% CI = 1.85-24.22), experienced hallucinations (ORA = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.25-6.14), had problems controlling violent behavior (ORA = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.12-5.87), and were physically neglected (ORA = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.24-7.49) were more likely to have parents who used substances and to have experienced parental neglect. This article concludes that adolescents, who are on parole, come from families with high level of psychosocial vulnerabilities, including substance use, experience neglect by their families leading to adverse emotional and psychological states.

Depressive symptoms and factors associated with depression and suicidal behavior in substances user in treatment: Focus on suicidal behavior and psychological problems.

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms, psychological problems, suicidal behaviour and their associations in substance users in treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, with 307 substance users in an out-patient treatment facility, was undertaken. Socio-demographic data, psychoactive substances used, depressive symptoms, and suicide information were obtained. RESULTS: 70% of participants were depressed; of those, 8.1% were either under the influence of drugs or in withdrawal. Suicidal ideation was found to be present in those who had anxiety, were nervous, had depressive symptoms, or were under drug influence or in withdrawal. CONCLUSION: It is important to identify potential suicidal risk factors and implement the management of these conditions in substance users.

Intoxicações por agrotóxicos registrados em um centro de controle de intoxicações / Intoxications by pesticides recorded at a poisoning control center / Intoxicaciones por plaguicidas registrados en un centro de control de intoxicaciones

Objetivo: caracterizar as intoxicações por agrotóxicos reportadas a um Centro de Controle de Intoxicações do Paraná. Método: estudo descritivo quantitativo, com análise retrospectiva em fichas epidemiológicas de Ocorrências Toxicológicas, arquivadas no período de 2003 a 2009, com diagnóstico de intoxicação confirmada por meio de: exames laboratoriais, manifestações clínicas e anamnese. O critério de inclusão foi com base nas circunstâncias das intoxicações e as variáveis subdivididas em: classificação do agrotóxico; sexo e idade do intoxicado; gravidade e desfecho do caso, analisadas no software Excel 2007 e submetidos à estatística descritiva simples. O estudo teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, com parecer 61/2011. Resultados: dos 950 casos analisados, 257 (27%)intoxicaram-se com inseticida piretroide, o sexo masculino mostrou-se mais vulnerável com 648 casos (68%), a maior ocorrência na faixa etária economicamente ativa e com 436 (46%) a tentativa de suicídio configurou-se na principal circunstância. Apresentaram índices de mortalidade semelhantes os intoxicados acidentalmente e os suicidas. Conclusão: a taxa de intoxicação, mortalidade e o uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos indicam a necessidade de estratégias que englobem: orientação, prevenção, restrição do uso, substituição orgânica, vigilância toxicológica, equipamento adequado e conscientização, reduzirão os índices de intoxicação.(AU)

Objective: to characterize the reported cases of pesticide poisoning to a Intoxications Control Center of Paraná state. Method: a quantitative descriptive study with retrospective analysis of epidemiological records of Toxicological Occurrences, filed in the period 2003 to 2009, with confirmed diagnosis of poisoning by: laboratory tests, clinical and medical history. The inclusion criteria was based on the circumstances of the poisoning and the variables divided into: classification of the pesticide; intoxicated sex and age, severity and outcome of the case analyzed. The data was compiled in Excel 2007 software and submitted to descriptive statistics. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Maringá State University, with number 61/2011. Results: of 950 cases analyzed, 257 (27%) were intoxicated with pyrethroid insecticide, the male was more vulnerable with 648 cases (68%), the highest occurrence in the economically active age group and 436 (46%) attempted suicide set in the main event. Had similar mortality rates and accidentally poisoned suicides. Conclusion: the rate of poisoning mortality and indiscriminate use of pesticides indicate the need for strategies that target: orientation, prevention, restraint use, replacing organic, toxicological monitoring, adequate equipment and awareness, reduce the levels of intoxication.(AU)

Objetivo: caracterizar los casos reportados de envenenamiento por pesticidas en un Centro de Control de Intoxicaciones del estado de Paraná. Método: estudio descriptivo cuantitativo, con análisis retrospectivo en registros epidemiológicos de Ocurrencias Toxicológica, presentadas en el período 2003 a 2009, con diagnóstico de intoxicación confirmado através de : exámenes de laboratorio, manifestaciones clínicas y anamnesis. El criterio de inclusión se basó en las circunstancias de las intoxicaciones y las variables subdivididas en: clasificación del plaguicida; sexo y edad del intoxicado; gravedad y desenlace del caso, analizadas en el software Excel 2007 y sometidos a la estadística descriptiva simple. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Estadual de Maringá, con el número 61/2011. Resultados: de los 950 casos analizados, 257 (27%) se intoxicaron con insecticida piretroide, el sexo masculino se mostró más vulnerable con 648 casos (68%), la mayor ocurrencia en la franja de edad económicamente activa y con 436 (46%) la tentativa de suicidio se configuró en la principal circunstancia. Presentaron índices de mortalidad similares los intoxicados accidentalmente y los suicidas.Conclusión: la tasa de intoxicación, mortalidad y el uso indiscriminado de pesticidas indican la necesidad de estrategias que abarquen: orientación, prevención, restricción del uso, sustitución orgánica, vigilancia toxicológica, equipamiento adecuado y concienciación, reducirán los índices de intoxicación.(AU)

Avaliação de usuários sobre a qualidade dos serviços de um pronto socorro / User’s evaluation about quality of the service in emergency care unit / Evaluación de usuarios sobre la calidad de los servicios de un hospital de urgencias

Estudo que objetivou avaliar sob a ótica dos usuários, a qualidade da estrutura e do processo de atendimento de alguns serviços do Pronto Socorro (PS) de um hospital público de ensino. Participaram 51 usuários, que estiveram internados no PS e aguardavam consulta de Retorno no Ambulatório. Os dados foram coletados no período de dezembro de 2007 a março de 2008, através de entrevista apoiada em um questionário e tratados com base nas categorias estrutura e processo, acrescidos da determinação do Índice de Positividade (IP) para cada subitem e, Índice de Positividade Médio para cada item/serviço. Obtiveram IP mais elevados os itens condições de limpeza, alimentação e segurança dos cuidados médicos e de enfermagem e, IP mais baixos, o espaço físico, número de trabalhadores, comunicação/interação profissional-cliente. Conclui-se que, no aspecto global, a qualidade dos serviços avaliados é Satisfatória, entretanto, para o alcance do Nível Ideal (máxima qualidade), é preciso melhorar aspectos da estrutura e do modo de atuação dos profissionais.

This study aimed at evaluating under the users view, the quality structure and quality process of some services in an Emergency Care Unit of a university hospital. Fifty-fi ve clients/users took part in the survey when they were admitted in the unit and were waiting for an examination. Data were collected from December 2007 to March 2008, using a questionnaire and treated in the structure and process categories, increased of the Positivity Index (PI) for each sub item and average Positivity Index for each item/service. The items to which was given higher PI were the conditions of cleaning, feeding and safety regarding medical care and nursing; the lower PI was attributedto the physical space, number of workers and communication/interaction between customers and professionals. It was concluded, in the overall aspects that, the quality of services obtained a ‘Satisfactory’ level, however, to reach the “Excellent” quality (highest quality aspects of the structure and workers’ performance), must be improved.

Estudio que planteó como objetivo evaluar desde el punto de vista de los usuarios, la calidad de la estructura y del proceso de atención de algunos servicios del sector de Urgencia de un hospital –escuela público. Participaron 51 usuarios, internados en el servicio de urgencia y aguardaban el retorno a la consulta en el Dispensario. Los datos fueron recogidos entre diciembre 2007 a marzo 2008, mediante entrevista, utilizándose un cuestionario y tratados basados en las categorías: estructura y proceso, acrecentados de la determinación del Índice de Positividad (IP) para cada subtema e, Índice de Positividad Medio para cada ítem/servicio. Obtuvieron IP más elevados los ítems: condiciones de limpieza, alimentación y seguridad de los cuidados médicos y de enfermería e, IP más bajos: espacio físico, númerode trabajadores, comunicación/interacción profesional-cliente. Se concluye que, en el aspecto global, la calidad de los servicios evaluados es Satisfactoria, pero, para alcanzar el Nivel Ideal (máxima calidad), es necesario mejorar aspectos relacionados a la estructura y al modode actuación de los profesionales.