RESUMEN
Quantitative determination of anti-SARS-CoV2-S-RBD is necessary for the evaluation of vaccination effectiveness. The surrogate viral neutralization test (SVNT) is approved for measuring anti-SARS-CoV2-S-RBD, but a point-of-care platform is needed to simplify anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD measurement. We aimed to evaluate the performance of a rapid fluorescent immunoassay-based kit, FastBio-RBDTM, compared to the SVNT. During April-September 2021, we enrolled two groups of subjects, convalescent subjects and subjects without a COVID-19 history. The subjects were tested for the anti-SARS-CoV2-S-RBD antibody using FastBio-RBDTM and the GenScript-cPASSTM SVNT. We measured the correlation coefficient and conducted an ROC analysis to determine the best cut-off value of anti-SARS-CoV2-S-RBD against the SVNT percent inhibition levels of 30% and 60%. We included 109 subjects. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD strongly correlated to SVNT % inhibition with an R value of 0.866 (p < 0.0001). The ROC analysis showed that the anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD of 6.71 AU/mL had 95.7% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity to detect a percentage inhibition of 30%. The anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD of 59.76 AU/mL had a sensitivity of 88.1% and specificity of 97.0% to detect a percentage inhibition of 60%. FastBio-RBDTM could determine the presence and level of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD with good sensitivity and specificity. It has the potential to be deployed in health facilities with limited resources.
RESUMEN
Patients with end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis (ESKD-HD) have a high risk of contracting severe COVID-19. Vaccination can help reduce disease severity, but the immune dysregulation observed in these patients may result in an inadequate antibody response. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the immune response postvaccination in ESKD-HD patients. This prospective cohort study was conducted in two hemodialysis centers in Indonesia. We enrolled ESKD-HD patients (n = 143) pre- and postvaccination and compared them to healthy subjects (n = 67). SARS-CoV-2 antibody response was assessed using anti-S-RBD antibodies and SVNT % inhibition tests. We performed bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Seropositive conversion was observed in 97% ESKD-HD subjects postvaccination. Compared with healthy subjects, ESKD-HD patients showed a comparable anti-S-RBD antibody titer postvaccination. mRNA vaccines remained a significant factor for the high immune response, while hypoalbuminemia correlated with lower immune response. In conclusion, ESKD-HD patients showed a robust immune response postvaccination. mRNA vaccines induced a stronger antibody response than other vaccines. Lower levels of serum albumin correlate with lower immune responses in ESKD-HD patients after vaccination.
RESUMEN
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with higher severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Vaccination has been encouraged to boost immunity and prevent these unfortunate outcomes. Few studies have evaluated antibody levels after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with T2DM. Therefore, we examined the vaccination status and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels to identify the factors that affect the antibody levels in patients with T2DM. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital and Bandung Kiwari Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, between October and November 2022. Adult participants with and without T2DM were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using a point-of-care quantitative immunochromatographic assay. We enrolled 289 participants: 201 participants with T2DM and 88 participants without T2DM. The T2DM participants had a lower vaccination rate compared with the non-T2DM participants. However, no significant differences in antibody levels were observed between the two groups. Higher antibody levels among the T2DM participants were associated with mRNA vaccination and a history of COVID-19 illness. The lower antibody response observed among the T2DM participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suggests that such patients may need antibody level measurement and an additional booster vaccine.
RESUMEN
In August 2022, Indonesia prioritized healthcare workers to receive the second booster dose. We conducted a sequential serosurvey to understand the dynamics of the antibody titers. The first serosurvey, which was conducted in June 2021, 1-6 months after Sinovac vaccination, showed a median antibody level of 41.4 BAU/mL (interquartile range (IQR): 10-629.4 BAU/mL). The second serosurvey was conducted one month (August 2021) after the first Moderna booster vaccine and showed a median level of 4000 BAU/mL (IQR: 3081-4000 BAU/mL). The last serosurvey was conducted a year (August 2022) after the booster and showed a median level of 4000 BAU/mL (IQR: 4000-4000 BAU/mL). In this last survey, only 39 (11.9%) of healthcare workers had antibody levels below the maximum level of 4000 BAU/mL. Thus, one year after the first booster dose, we did not observe the waning of antibody levels. The average increase was perhaps because of natural infection. Based on these considerations, we believe that a second booster dose was not necessary for this category of subjects at that time. Because vaccine supply is often limited, priority could be given to the general population or other high-risk patient groups with low antibody titers based on serological tests.
RESUMEN
Negative perception towards vaccination is one of the reasons for low coverage of diphtheria immunization in Indonesia. Perception, which is difficult to change, is related to stress level, possibly influences outcome of diseases, and also vaccination. This study aims to identify the correlation between perception of diphtheria vaccination and antibody response after vaccination. This study used secondary data from two unpublished studies on 30 medical interns in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, after diphtheria outbreak, from June to July 2019. Antibody level after diphtheria emergency vaccination was measured using ELISA and perception towards vaccination was measured using a questionnaire. Perception towards vaccination was expressed as perception score and was divided into 4 components: perceived threat, benefit, barrier, and cues to action. Higher perception score indicated more positive perception towards vaccination. Diphtheria antibody level was grouped into reliable protection (≥0,10 IU/mL) or unreliable protection (<0,10 IU/mL). Statistical correlation analysis was done with GraphPad Prism version 7.0. Most of our subjects were female. Median age was 22 (20-24) years old. Median time elapsed between vaccination date and measurement of antibody level was 18 (6-18) months. Median antibody level was 0,28 (0,09-3,47) IU/mL. Twenty-three subjects (82,1%) had reliable protection. Subjects with reliable protection had more positive perception compared to unreliable protection (perception score 80,6 â± â5,4 vs 69,0 â± â1,8, p â= â0,0001). Subjects with reliable protection had less perceived barrier for vaccination (15,6 â± â2,1 vs 13,0 â± â1,8, p â= â0,0083). Perception score showed strong, positive correlation to reliable protection against diphtheria (R â= â0,705, p â< â0,001). Perceived barrier and threat showed positive correlation to reliable protection (R â= â0,489, p â= â0,008 and R â= â0,402, p â= â0,034). In conclusion, perception towards diphtheria vaccination is strongly correlated to protective antibody. Improving perception of vaccination are needed to overcome vaccine hesitancy.
