[A comparative study of the effects of vegetable oils and cholesterol on enzymes of the mouth and jejunal mucosae]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie vliianiia rastitel'nykh masel i kholesterina na fermenty slizistykh obolochek polosti rta i toshchei kishki.

The influence of sunflower and olive oils and their combination with cholesterol on the activity of lysosomal hydrolases and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the mucosa of the mouth and jejunum was studied. It was shown that in the presence of cholesterol in the oral mucosa the activity of N-acetylhexosaminidase increased and there was a tendency to decreasing cathepsin D and acetyl esterase activity, and LPO processes were found to be suppressed. Cathepsin D and B activities in the jejunum mucosa increased in response to cholesterol administration. The changes revealed in the activities of N-acetylhexosaminidase, proteinase, acetyl esterase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the oral mucosa, as well as cathepsins in the jejunum depend on the character of lipid additives.

[Feasibility of combined roentgeno-radionuclide studies of the lungs in preventive mass screening of workers in an industrial enterprise]. / Vozmozhnosti kompleksnogo rentgenoradionuklidnogo issledovaniia legkikh pri massivom profilakticheskom osmotre rabochikh promyshlennogo predpriiatiia.

The results of a combined roentgeno-radionuclide investigation of the lungs were studied in 45 persons at risk of developing chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases, diagnosed in a mass screening of 3000 workers at an industrial enterprise. The results of fluorographic, roentgenoscopic and roentgenographic investigations of the lungs, roentgeno-pneumopolygraphy and radionuclide investigation of lung perfusion (pulmoscintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled albumin macroaggregates) were compared. During this combined investigation the signs of nonspecific pulmonary diseases were diagnosed in 40% of the patients, changes of the pulmonary blood flow--in 71%, changes in ventilation--in all the examinees. A conclusion was made of the necessity of additional combined investigation of patients belonging to risk groups, identified during mass screenings.

[The effect of a high-saccharose diet on the enzymatic activity of the oral mucosa in rats]. / Vliianie vysokosakharoznoi diety na aktivnost' fermentov slizistoi obolochki polosti rta krys.

Cathepsin D, acid phosphatase, beta-galactosidase, N-acetyl hexosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g-6-PDH), and peroxidase activities were measured in the buccal mucosa of rats kept for 60 days on high-sucrose (68% of sucrose) caries-inducing diet. The findings evidence that this diet observed for 30 days results in a significant elevation of beta-galactosidase and LAP activities and in reduction of peroxidase level. After 60-day diet the examined parameters virtually did not differ from the reference characteristics (a control group kept on 68% starch diet), except elevated g-6-PDH and lowered peroxidase activities. Enzymic activity changes are adaptive and evidence changes in the metabolic processes in the buccal mucosa, that may eventuate in the development of periodontal diseases.

[Comprehensive radionuclide lung imaging in preventive mass screening of industrial workers]. / Vozmozhnosti kompleksnogo rentgenoradionuklidnogo issledovaniia lëgkikh pri massovom profilakticheskom osmotre rabochikh promyshlennogo predpriiatiia.

The results of a combined roentgenoradionuclide investigation of the lungs were studied in 45 persons at risk of developing chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases, diagnosed in a mass screening of 3000 workers at an industrial enterprise. The results of fluorographic, roentgenoscopic and roentgenographic investigations of the lungs, roentgenopneumopolygraphy and radionuclide investigation of lung perfusion (pulmoscintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled albumin macroaggregates) were compared. During this combined investigation the signs of nonspecific pulmonary diseases were diagnosed in 40% of the patients, changes of the pulmonary blood flow--in 71%, changes of ventilation--in all the examinees. A conclusion was made of the necessity of additional combined investigation of patients belonging to risk groups, identified during mass screenings.

[Dynamic esophageal scintigraphy in assessing the degree of thyroid cancer spread]. / Dinamicheskaia ézofagostsintigrafiia v otsenke stepeni rasprostranennosti raka shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

A total of 17 thyroid cancer patients with various degrees of local tumor spreading were investigated in gamma chambers OH-110 (USA) and MB-9100 (Hungary). Dynamic esophageal scintigraphy was performed in all the patients (with liquid and solid radioactive boluses). Marked esophageal motor dysfunction was revealed in qualitative assessment of scintigrams. Computerized assessment of esophagograms showed early signs of dysphagia.

[2-isotope study in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer]. / Dvukhizotopnoe issledovanie v diagnostike tireoidnogo raka.

Altogether 54 patients with thyroid nodal lesions (40 of them had thyroid carcinoma) were investigated by 75Se-methionine and a thyrotropic RP. 75Se-methionine turned out to be inappropriate for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions because of many false-negative results. The combination of positive scanning with 75Se-methionine and 99mTc-pertechnetate (or 131I) raised the diagnostic informative value of the method.

[Scintigraphy in the evaluation of postoperative disorders of pulmonary circulation in cancer of the breast and genitalia]. / Stsintigrafiia v otsenke posleoperatsionnykh narushenii legochnogo krovotoka pri rake molochnoi zhelezy i genitalii.

Altogether 60 patients with genital tumors and breast cancer were examined on the 3rd-7th day after operation using ON-110 gamma-camera (USA). Perfusion pulmonary scintigraphy with labeled MMA was performed in all the patients. In 66% of the examinees pulmonary blood flow disorders localized mainly in the lower part of the lungs, were noted, and in breast cancer patients--on the tumor lesion side, too. Perfusion pulmonary scintigraphy was shown to be an informative method of diagnosis of postoperative changes of the capillary pulmonary circulation which were clinically undetectable.

[Radionuclide research on liver and kidney function in thyroid cancer after radioiodine therapy]. / Radionuklidnye issledovaniia funktsii pecheni i pochek pri rake shchitovidnoi zhelezy posle radioiodoterapii.

A study was made of liver and renal function using radionuclide methods in 51 thyroid cancer patients on radio-iodine therapy. Multimodality examination of the patients revealed no clinical manifestations of hepatocellular and renal failure even in significant therapeutic activities up to 40 GBq and more. Hepatography and renography showed a decrease in absorptive and secretory hepatocytic function, an increase in the period of hippuran half-life and a decrease in total renal function. The revealed changes were of moderate nature, stable and related both to hypothyrosis and a radiation factor.

[Pulmonary microcirculation after distant gamma-therapy of breast and thyroid cancer (perfusion pulmoscintigraphy data)]. / Mikrotsirkuliatsiia v legkikh posle distantsionnoi gamma-terapii raka molochnoi i shchitovidnoi zhelez (po dannym perfuzionnoi pul'mostsintigrafii).

A study was made of an effect of irradiation on pulmonary microcirculation using perfusion pulmoscintigraphy indicators. Altogether 13 breast cancer patients (9 with left-side and 4 with right-side involvement) and 9 thyroid cancer patients were examined before and after radiation therapy. Absorbed doses in breast cancer were determined by phantom measurements, for thyroid cancer by calculation. Perfusion pulmoscintigraphy with labeled albumin macroaggregate preceded and followed radiotherapy. Accumulation of the radioactivity of the drug in different pulmonary zones was taken into account. Slight changes of the microcirculation index found after irradiation, lead to a conclusion that in radiation therapy of breast cancer one can observe improvement of the blood flow in the pulmonary arterial system whereas in thyroid cancer a similar effect in the irradiated upper pulmonary zone was not marked. Irradiation of the root of the lung produces a more powerful effect on the pulmonary blood flow. Taking into account a sharp suppression of the arterial blood flow in some lung cancer patients (decreasing chemotherapy efficacy) it is suggested that change of the blood content developing after irradiation be used in the planning of combined therapy of lung cancer.