RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: to analyze the level of nurses' engagement in political advocacy by performing cluster analysis. METHODS: observational study, with a quantitative approach. A total of 184 nurses working in primary, secondary, and tertiary care in a city in the south of Brazil completed the Policy Advocacy Engagement Scale. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and chi2. The Institutional Review Board approved the study. RESULTS: four differentiated clusters were found according to professional experience, level of healthcare complexity, and unit. The cluster analysis revealed that patient advocacy for community-based obtained the highest mean, indicating that political advocacy is effective in organizational environments and that professional qualification favors greater engagement in political advocacy. CONCLUSIONS: the results reveal that nurses play an active role in political advocacy, seeking to promote positive changes in health, especially those working in tertiary care, the nurse group that obtained the highest means.
Asunto(s)
Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Defensa del Paciente , Brasil , Análisis por Conglomerados , HumanosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the level of nurses' engagement in political advocacy by performing cluster analysis. Methods: observational study, with a quantitative approach. A total of 184 nurses working in primary, secondary, and tertiary care in a city in the south of Brazil completed the Policy Advocacy Engagement Scale. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and chi2. The Institutional Review Board approved the study. Results: four differentiated clusters were found according to professional experience, level of healthcare complexity, and unit. The cluster analysis revealed that patient advocacy for community-based obtained the highest mean, indicating that political advocacy is effective in organizational environments and that professional qualification favors greater engagement in political advocacy. Conclusions: the results reveal that nurses play an active role in political advocacy, seeking to promote positive changes in health, especially those working in tertiary care, the nurse group that obtained the highest means.
RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar el nivel de compromiso de los enfermeros en la incidencia política a través del análisis de conglomerados. Métodos: estudio observacional con enfoque cuantitativo. Un total de 184 enfermeras que trabajan en atención primaria, secundaria y terciaria en una ciudad en el sur de Brasil completaron la Escala de Compromiso de Incidencia Política. El análisis de datos consistió en estadística descriptiva, análisis de conglomerados, análisis de varianza y chi2. El Comité de Ética en Investigación aprobó el estudio. Resultados: se encontraron cuatro conglomerados diferenciados según experiencia profesional, nivel de complejidad asistencial y unidad. El análisis de conglomerados reveló que la defensa de los pacientes por la comunidad tuvo el promedio más alto, lo que indica que la defensa política es efectiva en entornos organizacionales y que la calificación profesional favorece una mayor participación en la defensa política. Conclusiones: los resultados revelan que los enfermeros tienen un papel activo en la incidencia política, buscando promover cambios positivos en la salud, especialmente aquellos que actúan en el tercer nivel de atención, grupo de enfermeros que obtuvo los promedios más altos.
RESUMO Objetivos: analisar o nível de engajamento dos enfermeiros na advocacia política por meio da análise de cluster. Métodos: estudo observacional, com abordagem quantitativa. Um total de 184 enfermeiros que atuam na atenção primária, secundária e terciária em uma cidade do sul do Brasil preencheram a Policy Advocacy Engagement Scale. A análise dos dados consistiu em estatística descritiva, análise de cluster, análise de variância e chi2. O Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa aprovou o estudo. Resultados: foram encontrados quatro clusters diferenciados de acordo com a experiência profissional, nível de complexidade assistencial e unidade. A análise de agrupamento revelou que a advocacia do paciente para a comunidade obteve a maior média, indicando que a advocacia política é efetiva em ambientes organizacionais e que a qualificação profissional favorece maior engajamento na advocacia política. Conclusões: os resultados revelam que os enfermeiros exercem um papel ativo na advocacia política, buscando promover mudanças positivas na saúde, principalmente os que atuam na atenção terciária, grupo de enfermeiros que obteve as maiores médias.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Professors of nursing sometimes experience specific situations in their daily practice that conflict with their values and ethical principles and may culminate in moral distress. Moral distress occurs when one is prevented from acting according to his or her knowledge or values, or what one considers to be ethically sound. OBJECTIVES: To identify the profile of professors of nursing through grouping sociodemographic characteristics and intensity of moral distress. METHOD: Cross-sectional and exploratory study addressing 373 nurses teaching in Brazilian federal public higher education institutions. Data were collected from June to December 2018 through email, using the Google Docs tool. A moral distress scale directed to nurse educators was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, variance analysis, and cluster analysis. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The Institutional Review Board at the Federal University of Rio Grande approved this study. FINDINGS: Initially, four clusters emerged for each variable predicting the profile of Brazilian professors of nursing: sex; whether the individual worked in a graduate program; age; experience in years in their respective higher education institution; and intensity of moral distress. The profile of Brazilian professors of nursing was represented by the largest cluster, 36.5% (n = 136), composed of women working in graduate programs, aged 37 years old on average, having worked in their respective institutions for approximately 5 years, and presenting a moderate intensity of moral distress. CONCLUSION: Assigning individuals into groups facilitates seeing similarities among the predictors that compose the profile of Brazilian professors of nursing, thus recognizing those workers experiencing moral distress in their daily work routine. In addition, this study's results are expected to encourage reflection on the planning of efficacious interventions directed to the context of education and health.
