[Incarcerated hernia following laparoscopic surgery. A complication to be avoided. Case presentation and literature review]. / Hernie incarcérée après chirurgie laparoscopique. Une complication à éviter. Présentation d'un cas et revue de la littérature.

Among complications of laparoscopic techniques, obstruction of small bowel by herniation through the site of punctures of the trocars is rare. It has been described in several cases. We want to present a typical case of this complication and through a review of literature to explain methods of prevention and diagnostic before bowel perforation.

[The changes in acid base balance of the fetus at term in the second stage of labour typed according to the CTG patterns (author's transl)]. / Modification de l'équilibre acido-basique du foetus à terme en phase expulsive en fonction du type CTG d'expulsion.

This work studies the changes in the acid base balance from the beginning to the end of expulsive stage of 73 labours (52 primiparas and 21 multiparas). These are typed according to the CTG patterns proposed by Melchior. All the pregnancies were normal and at or near term. The variation in pH measured is not the same in the primiparas as in the multiparas. For the multiparas the short stage of expulsion results in little change in the acid base balance, and with little correlation to the CTG type. Conversely for the primiparas the lowering of the pH measured corresponds well to the CTG type. For the type 0 it is 0.04 units of pH for the entire expulsive stage. This corresponds to a fall of -0.004 units of pH for each contraction. For the type 2 the fall is -0.12 units of pH or -0.02 per contraction. For the type 1 (the most frequent pattern seen, 71%) the fall is 0.1 units of pH, or -0.01 per contraction. For this last type of CTG pattern characterized by decelerations synchronous with the contractions, and considered for a long time as innocuous, these figures should alert the obstetrician to not permit the expulsive stage of labour to become unduly long. Finally the use of epidural anesthesia did not modify the fall of pH in this last group.

[Spontaneous pneumathorax and pregnancy]. / Pneumothorax spontané et grossesse.

A case is reported of rare spontaneous pneumothorax during a first pregnancy and recurring during a second pregnancy. No explanation or pathological reasons have been found which could cause this condition. The literature confirms the rarity of this pathology in connection with pregnancy. The pregnancy hormonal levels do not seem to play a role in the pathogenesis. No alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency was observed.

[Female genital bilharziasis. 1 case]. / La bilharziose génitale de la femme.

In a Swiss woman who had travelled in Africa ovarian and tubal bilharziasis (Schistosoma haematobium) was found by chance during laparotomy. In both sexes genital bilharziasis is nearly always caused by Sch. haematobium and is a complication of bilharziasis of the bladder and intestine. Genital bilharziasis in woman is found principally in the cervix and in the vagina, less commonly on the vulva and in the fallopian tubes and ovaries, and rarely in the body of the uterus.