Planktonic production and respiration in a subtropical lake dominated by Cyanobacteria.

Planktonic primary production and respiration rates were estimated in a subtropical coastal lake dominated by Cyanobacteria in order to investigate the temporal and vertical variation in this lake and to evaluate its relationships with limnological variables and phytoplankton. Light and dark bottles were incubated at four different depths in the central part of the lake and were performed bimonthly from June/2009 to December/2010. No significant difference was evident among depths in relation to phytoplankton, limnological variables and metabolic rates. However, the highest production rates were recorded at the surface, and decreased towards the bottom, coupled with phytoplanktonic photosynthetic capacity. Wind induced mixing in Peri Lake played an important role in nutrient and phytoplankton redistribution, characterizing this lake as polymictic. According to density and biovolume, the phytoplankton community was dominated by filamentous Cyanobacteria, especially Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya and Subba-Raju. This study has shown that both water temperature and nutrient availability drive phytoplankton growth and consequently the temporal variation in metabolic rates, where respiration is higher than primary production.

Planktonic production and respiration in a subtropical lake dominated by Cyanobacteria / Produção e respiração planctônicas em uma lagoa subtropical dominada por cianobactérias

Planktonic primary production and respiration rates were estimated in a subtropical coastal lake dominated by Cyanobacteria in order to investigate the temporal and vertical variation in this lake and to evaluate its relationships with limnological variables and phytoplankton. Light and dark bottles were incubated at four different depths in the central part of the lake and were performed bimonthly from June/2009 to December/2010. No significant difference was evident among depths in relation to phytoplankton, limnological variables and metabolic rates. However, the highest production rates were recorded at the surface, and decreased towards the bottom, coupled with phytoplanktonic photosynthetic capacity. Wind induced mixing in Peri Lake played an important role in nutrient and phytoplankton redistribution, characterizing this lake as polymictic. According to density and biovolume, the phytoplankton community was dominated by filamentous Cyanobacteria, especially Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya and Subba-Raju. This study has shown that both water temperature and nutrient availability drive phytoplankton growth and consequently the temporal variation in metabolic rates, where respiration is higher than primary production.

As taxas de produção primária e respiração planctônicas foram estimadas em um lago costeiro subtropical dominado por cianobactérias, com o objetivo de investigar a variação temporal e vertical nesta lagoa e avaliar suas relações com as variáveis limnológicas e os grupos fitoplanctônicos. Garrafas claras e escuras foram incubadas em quatro diferentes profundidades na parte central da lagoa e foram realizadas bimensalmente de junho/2009 a dezembro/2010. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada entre as profundidades amostradas, em relação ao fitoplâncton, variáveis limnológicas e taxas metabólicas. No entanto, as maiores taxas de produção foram registradas na superfície, diminuindo com o aumento da profundidade, juntamente com a capacidade fotossintética do fitoplâncton. A ação do vento na lagoa do Peri promoveu a homogeneidade de nutrientes e do fitoplâncton na coluna d’água, caracterizando-o como polimítico. De acordo com a densidade e biovolume, a comunidade fitoplanctônica foi dominada por cianobactérias filamentosas, especialmente Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya and Subba-Raju. Este estudo demonstrou que a temperatura da água combinada com a disponibilidade de nutrientes influencia a comunidade fitoplanctônica, determinando a variação temporal das taxas metabólicas, onde a respiração é maior que a produção primária.

Planktonic production and respiration in a subtropical lake dominated by Cyanobacteria / Produção e respiração planctônicas em uma lagoa subtropical dominada por cianobactérias

Planktonic primary production and respiration rates were estimated in a subtropical coastal lake dominated by Cyanobacteria in order to investigate the temporal and vertical variation in this lake and to evaluate its relationships with limnological variables and phytoplankton. Light and dark bottles were incubated at four different depths in the central part of the lake and were performed bimonthly from June/2009 to December/2010. No significant difference was evident among depths in relation to phytoplankton, limnological variables and metabolic rates. However, the highest production rates were recorded at the surface, and decreased towards the bottom, coupled with phytoplanktonic photosynthetic capacity. Wind induced mixing in Peri Lake played an important role in nutrient and phytoplankton redistribution, characterizing this lake as polymictic. According to density and biovolume, the phytoplankton community was dominated by filamentous Cyanobacteria, especially Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya and Subba-Raju. This study has shown that both water temperature and nutrient availability drive phytoplankton growth and consequently the temporal variation in metabolic rates, where respiration is higher than primary production.(AU)

As taxas de produção primária e respiração planctônicas foram estimadas em um lago costeiro subtropical dominado por cianobactérias, com o objetivo de investigar a variação temporal e vertical nesta lagoa e avaliar suas relações com as variáveis limnológicas e os grupos fitoplanctônicos. Garrafas claras e escuras foram incubadas em quatro diferentes profundidades na parte central da lagoa e foram realizadas bimensalmente de junho/2009 a dezembro/2010. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada entre as profundidades amostradas, em relação ao fitoplâncton, variáveis limnológicas e taxas metabólicas. No entanto, as maiores taxas de produção foram registradas na superfície, diminuindo com o aumento da profundidade, juntamente com a capacidade fotossintética do fitoplâncton. A ação do vento na lagoa do Peri promoveu a homogeneidade de nutrientes e do fitoplâncton na coluna dágua, caracterizando-o como polimítico. De acordo com a densidade e biovolume, a comunidade fitoplanctônica foi dominada por cianobactérias filamentosas, especialmente Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya and Subba-Raju. Este estudo demonstrou que a temperatura da água combinada com a disponibilidade de nutrientes influencia a comunidade fitoplanctônica, determinando a variação temporal das taxas metabólicas, onde a respiração é maior que a produção primária.(AU)

Surveillance of human viral contamination and physicochemical profiles in a surface water lagoon.

The present study evaluated the contamination of a surface water lagoon (Peri Lagoon) in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, by human adenovirus (HAdV), polyomavirus JC (JCPyV), hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotavirus species A (RVA). Efforts were driven to determine the correlation between viral presence and the physicochemical parameters of the lagoon and measure the distribution of these viruses throughout the year (June 2010 to May 2011). A total of 48 samples were collected, concentrated and analyzed by qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). Approximately 96% of the samples were positive for HAdV (46/48), 65% were positive for RVA (31/48), 21% were positive for JCPyV (10/48) and 12% were positive for HAV (6/48). The presence of JCPyV was positively correlated with that of NO(2)(-)N, and also there was a positive correlation between the presence of each one of the viruses (HAdV, HAV and RVA) in winter. Samples from water dedicated for human consumption and recreation tested positive for HAdV by qPCR. These samples were also subjected to viral integrity and viability assays: 83% (10/12) contained intact viral particles and 66% (8/12) contained infectious particles. Our results demonstrate the release of human waste into water sources, justifying the urgent need to add viral parameters to water quality surveillance.