Cervical cancer screening and vaccination acceptability and attitudes among Arab American women in Southeastern Michigan: a qualitative study.

Among Arab-American women in Michigan, rates of cervical cancer screening are lower than those in non-Hispanic White and Black women in the state. A deep understanding of the Arab community's perspective on cervical cancer screening is needed to address the disparity in rates across populations in Michigan. Arab and Chaldean women across Michigan were invited to participate in Zoom-based focus groups to understand the attitudes, acceptability, and barriers of cervical cancer screening among this population. Four focus groups with a total of 19 women aged 30 to 61 were conducted. The focus groups were conducted in English, Arabic, or both languages. The guided discussion was focused on knowledge of cervical cancer and Human papillomavirus (HPV) and its transmission, attitudes towards HPV vaccination, and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening. HPV self-sampling as an alternative to traditional provider-based screening was specifically discussed as this has been proposed as a way to increase screening in hard-to-reach populations. The conversations revealed insights related to barriers at the individual and community levels for screening and vaccination, attitudes towards preventive health care including screening, a need for accessible women's health literature, and health education. The women also discussed vaccine hesitancy related to HPV and COVID-19, suggesting a need for targeted community interventions.

High touch surface bioburden associated with the use of disinfectants with and without continuously active disinfection in ambulatory care settings.

A quaternary ammonium and alcohol-based disinfectant with reported continuous activity demonstrated reduced microbial buildup on surfaces over time compared to routine disinfectants without continuous activity in in vitro and hospital studies. We compared these disinfectants in ambulatory settings and found no difference in bioburden on high-touch surfaces over time.

Approaching monkeypox: a guide for clinicians.

The 2022 outbreak of monkeypox virus infection has expanded far beyond regions in which the disease was previously endemic. Monkeypox has a wide range of manifestations, some of which are unique to this outbreak. Novel clinical presentations, testing limitations, and a lack of available treatments have contributed to delays in recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of monkeypox. As health care workers and governments fight this rare viral infection, which may become a routine diagnosis, early recognition of potential signs and symptoms along with appropriate testing is essential to prevent continuing spread and potential endemicity.

Failure of chronic hydroxychloroquine in preventing severe complications of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To compare baseline characteristics, clinical presentations and outcomes of patients with rheumatic conditions requiring hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who received chronic HCQ with those who did not receive chronic HCQ. METHODS: We identified all patients with a rheumatologic disease who were admitted with COVID-19 to two hospitals in New York City between 3 March 3 and 30 April 2020. Patients who received chronic HCQ prior to admission were matched 1:2 (±10 years of age) with patients who did not receive chronic HCQ. We compared demographics, comorbidities, HCQ dosages, concurrent medications, presentations and outcomes between the groups. RESULTS: There were 14 patients receiving HCQ and 28 matched control subjects. The median age of cases was 63 years [interquartile range (IQR) 43-73) and 60 years (IQR 41-75) for controls. Control subjects had a higher prevalence of pulmonary diseases (42.8%), diabetes (35.7%) and obesity (35.7%) than their case counterparts (28.6%, 14.3% and 7.1%, respectively). A higher proportion of cases than control subjects (50% vs 25%) reported the use of prednisone for their rheumatic conditions prior to admission. Despite these differences in baseline characteristics, univariate logistic regression revealed no statistically significant differences in the need for mechanical ventilation [OR 1.5 (95% CI 0.34, 6.38)] or in-hospital mortality [OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.13, 4.56)]. CONCLUSION: HCQ therapy in individuals with rheumatic conditions was not associated with less severe presentations of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients compared with individuals with rheumatic conditions not receiving HCQ.

Factores asociados a la prevalencia de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico en funcionarios de una universidad pública de Ibagué (Colombia) / Factors associated with the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in officials of a public university of Ibagué (Colombia)

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la prevalência de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE) y los factores asociados en una población defuncionarios administrativos de una Universidad Pública del municipio de Ibagué (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo correlacional, con una muestra de 171 funcionarios administrativos, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 65 años, durante el segundo semestre de 2016. Se calculó la prevalencia de ERGE; se utilizó la prueba chi2 para determinar la correlación entre la ERGE y variables independientes; se halló el OR y para las variables estadísticamente significativas se utilizaron las medidas de riesgo atribuible (FEp y FEe). Resultados: El 58,5 % (100) eran mujeres; la edad promedio fue de 42,5 años (DE +/-10,3 años) y la moda en el rango de edad fue de 30-39 años; 24,6 % (42) de la población estudiada presentó ERGE; 57,9 % (99) tenía IMC anormal (>25 kg/m 2 ), y 16,4 % (28) tuvo antecedente de tabaquismo. La ERGE se asoció significativamente a IMC anormal (p: 0,016. OR: 2,58 (IC: 1,171-5,459)) y a tabaquismo (p: 0,046, OR: 2,188 (IC: 1,003-4,771); el riesgo atribuible para estas variables fue: IMC anormal (FEp: 0,44 y FEe: 0,60) y tabaquismo (FEp: 0,18 y FEe: 0,54). Conclusiones: El estudio mostró una prevalencia del 24,6 % de ERGE en funcionarios administrativos, lo cual indica que una cuarta parte de la población está afectada. En cuanto a los factores asociados, el IMC anormal y el tabaquismo fueron los más representativos.

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and associated factors in a population of administrative officials of a Public University in the municipality of Ibague (Colombia). Materials and methods: An observational, correlational descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 171 administrative staff, selected by stratified random sampling, aged between 18 and 65 years, during the second half of 2016. The prevalence of GERD was calculated, the chi2 test to determine the correlation between GERD and independent variables, the OR was found and the measures of attributable risk (FEp and FEE) were used for the statistically significant variables. Results: 58.5 % (100) were women, the average age was 42.5 years (SD +/-10.3 years) and the fashion in the age range was 30-39 years, 24.6 % (42) of the study population presented GERD, 57.9 % (99) had abnormal BMI (> 25 kg/m 2 ), and 16.4 % (28) had a history of smoking. GERD was significantly associated with abnormal BMI (p: 0.016, OR: 2.58 (CI: 1.171-5.459)) and smoking (p: 0.046, OR: 2.188 (CI: 1.003-4.771), the attributable risk for these variables was: abnormal BMI (FEp: 0.44 and FEe: 0.60) and smoking (FEp: 0.18 and FEe: 0.54). Conclusions: The study showed a prevalence of 24.6 % of GERD in administrative officials, indicating that a quarter of the population is affected. As for the associated factors, abnormal BMI and smoking were the most representative.

Use of videotaped interactions during pediatric well-child care to promote child development: a randomized, controlled trial.

The authors performed a randomized, controlled trial to assess the impact of the Video Interaction Project (VIP), a program based in pediatric primary care in which videotaped interactions are used by child development specialists to promote early child development. Ninety-three Latino children (51 VIP, 42 control) at risk of developmental delay on the basis of poverty and low maternal education (none had completed high school) were assessed for cognitive and language development at age 21 months. Results differed depending on the level of maternal education; the VIP was found to have a moderate impact on children whose mothers had between seventh and 11th grade education (approximately 0.75 SD for cognitive development, 0.5 SD for expressive language) but little impact on children whose mothers had sixth grade or lower education.