[Preliminary evaluation of a rapid, qualitative one step immunoassay of cardiac Troponin I in the acute myocardial infarction diagnosis]. / Evaluación preliminar de un inmunoanálisis de un solo paso, cualitativo y rápido de Troponina I cardiaca en el diagnóstico del infarto agudo del miocardio.

The cardiac Troponin I is considered the biochemical marker of election to detect acute myocardial infarction, a medical urgency that requires a rapid diagnosis. In this article, the diagnosis of this condition was studied qualitatively through an immunochromatographic assay of a single step detection of cardiac Troponin I elaborated in the laboratory comparing it with another, commercially available, qualitative immunochromatographic assay of detection of cardiac Troponin I, Cardiac STATUS TM. The plasmas of 76 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 50 plasmas obtained from healthy donors were evaluated retrospectively. The laboratory's immunoassay did not present cross reactivity with the skeletal isoform of Troponin I. This test detected 1 ng/mL or more of cardiac Troponin I in the form of a tertiary complex in plasma and it also recognized the free molecule. The clinical sensitivity of the immunoassay of the laboratory in patients with Q wave type acute myocardial infarction was 100% and for the commercial immunoassay was 85.7% in the period of 6 h to 24 h following the onset of chest pain. For this type of infarction, the signal was detected up to 148 h after the onset of symptoms and the clinical sensitivity oscillated between 84.2% and 90.9% for both assays. The clinical sensitivities of the two immunoassays were 70% in the case of patients with non-Q wave acute myocardial infarction. With healthy donor's samples, the clinical specificity of the immunochromatographic assay prepared in the laboratory was of 90.4% and for commercial immunoassay was 100%. The immunochromatographic immunoassays of a single step for the detection of cardiac Troponin I evaluated in this work, diagnosed in a quick and easy way, important myocardial cell death and to lesser extent smaller necrosis, in patients without concluding electrocardioghraphic signs and with the possibility of the occurrence of complications.

Lipoproteína (a) como factor de riesgo independiente de enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica / Lipoproten (a) as a risk factor independent of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Con el objetivo de investigar la función que ejerce la lipoproteína (a) como factor de riesgo independiente en diferentes procesos cardiovasculares se determinaron los valores de la misma en 50 sujetos sin enfermedad arterial coronaria y en 92 pacientes isquémicos. Se determinaron las concentraciones de colesterol total, HDL, LDL, triglicéridos y VLDL. Aunque las concentraciones promedio de Lp(a) fueron superiores en los pacientes que en los controles, sólo se obtuvo diferencias significativas para el grupo angina (p=0,036*). Los factores de riesgo adicionales que mostraron valores patológicos fueron el colesterol total, las LDL, HDL y los triglicéridos con diferencias significativas para los 2 primeros de p < 0,05 y p < 0,01. Se concluyó que en nuestro estudio, la lipoproteína (a) constituyó un factor de riesgo independiente de enfermedad cardiovascular por lo que su determinación debe ser incluída en las prácticas clínicas.

In order to investigate the function of lipoprotein (a) as an independent risk factor in different cardiovascular processes, its values were determined in 50 subjects with no coronary arterial disease and in 92 ischemic patients. The concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and VLDL were determined. Though the average concentrations of Lp(a) were higher in patients than in controls, significant differences were only obtained for the angina group (p=0.0368*). The aditional risk factors showing pathological values were total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides with marked differences for the first two of p<0.05 and p<0.01. It was concluded that in our study lipoprotein(a) was a risk factor independent of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, its determination should be included in the clinical practices.

Lipoproteína (a) como factor de riesgo independiente de enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica / Lipoprotein (a) as a risk factor independent of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Con el objetivo de investigar la función que ejerce la lipoproteína (a) como factor de riesgo independiente en diferentes procesos cardiovasculares se determinaron los valores de la misma en 50 sujetos sin enfermedad arterial coronaria y en 92 pacientes isquémicos. Se determinaron las concentraciones de colesterol total, HDL, LDL, triglicéridos y VLDL. Aunque las concentraciones promedio de Lp(a) fueron superiores en los pacientes que en los controles, sólo se obtuvo diferencias significativas para el grupo angina (p=0,036*). Los factores de riesgo adicionales que mostraron valores patológicos fueron el colesterol total, las LDL, HDL y los triglicéridos con diferencias significativas para los 2 primeros de p < 0,05 y p < 0,01. Se concluyó que en nuestro estudio, la lipoproteína (a) constituyó un factor de riesgo independiente de enfermedad cardiovascular por lo que su determinación debe ser incluída en las prácticas clínicas(AU)