RESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective activities of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. (LECS) obtained by methanolic extraction from the flowering buds of this plant. For the in vitro experiments, LECS was tested employing three different models: (a). bleaching of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH test); (b). peroxidation, induced by the water-soluble radical initiator 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, of mixed dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/linoleic acid unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) (LP-LUV test); and (c). UV-induced peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles (UV-IP test). The in vivo antioxidant/radical scavenger activity was assessed by determining the ability of topically applied LECS to reduce UVB-induced skin erythema in healthy human volunteers. From the results obtained in in vitro and in vivo tests, LECS showed a significant antioxidant effect. Furthermore, by chromatographic fractionation and spectroscopic methods, we identified the major constituents of LECS, and particularly some flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin derivatives) and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, ferulic acid, p-cumaric acid, and cinnamic acid).
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Brassicaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Protectores contra Radiación/farmacología , Adulto , Femenino , Liofilización , Humanos , Masculino , Espectrofotometría/métodosRESUMEN
A new ursanolide, 3beta-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-ursan-20beta,28-olide, zygophyloside N (1), and three known quinovic acid glycosides were isolated from the methanolic extract of the roots of Zygophyllum gaetulum. The crude extract, some fractions and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl quinovic acid 28-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, significantly and dose-dependently, are able to reduce the electrically-induced contractions of isolated guinea-pig ileum. The structure of compound (1) was determined, using 1D and 2D NMR techniques.
Asunto(s)
Parasimpatolíticos/aislamiento & purificación , Plantas Medicinales/química , Saponinas/aislamiento & purificación , Triterpenos , Animales , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Estimulación Eléctrica , Cobayas , Íleon/efectos de los fármacos , Íleon/fisiología , Técnicas In Vitro , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Marruecos , Contracción Muscular/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Liso/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Liso/fisiología , Parasimpatolíticos/química , Parasimpatolíticos/farmacología , Raíces de Plantas/química , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The topical anti-inflammatory activity of Thymus willdenowii Boiss (Labiatae) leaves, a herbal drug used in Moroccan folk medicine, has been studied using the croton oil ear test in mice. A bioassay-oriented fractionation procedure showed that the activity concentrates in the chloroform extract, which has a potency similar to that of indometacin, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as reference (ID50 (dose giving 50% oedema inhibition) = 83 microg cm(-2) and 93 microg cm(-2), respectively). The main compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of T. willdenowii are ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. The flavonoids luteolin-3'-O-glucuronide and eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside were found for the first time in the genus Thymus.