Nontraumatic Myositis Ossificans as an Uncommon Cause of Scoliosis: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: A 5-year-old pediatric patient developed scoliosis associated with nontraumatic myositis ossificans in the lumbar region. Although there have been reports in literature of syndromes leading to widespread muscle ossifications resulting in shoulder deformities owing to impaired movement in the facet joints, to the best of our knowledge there has been no report of scoliosis associated with myositis ossificans. CASE DESCRIPTION: The case presented is of a 5-year-old girl who developed scoliosis associated with nontraumatic myositis ossificans in the lumbar region. On the thoracolumbar radiograph, a hyperintense lesion was seen at the right-side L2-L3 level and scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 16.2° to the right side. The decision for surgery was made with the consideration of the existing scoliosis and that the complaints were associated with paravertebral calcified lesions adjacent to the facet joints. After surgery, the scoliosis improved. CONCLUSIONS: Nontraumatic, paravertebral myositis ossificans at an early age is a very rare pathology. Therefore, it must be recognized that spine deformities such as scoliosis and kyphosis can develop in neglected cases of paravertebral myositis ossificans. In addition, there is a high risk of confusion with malignant pathologies, such as osteosarcoma, in this area. Removal of the mass eliminates both the pain of myositis ossificans and prevents the development of scoliosis.

Metastatic malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder: A case report and review of the literature.

Metastatic bladder tumors constitute <5% of all bladder tumors and metastatic malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder is very rare. We present a case report of a metastatic malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder. A 70-year-old woman without any apparent significant clinical history was admitted to the Department of Urology for gross hematuria. Microscopic findings of the transurethral resection specimen revealed fascicles, sheets, and diffuse areas composed of oval and fusiform cells with focal pigmentation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive for human melanoma black-45, Melan-A, and S100, and negative for pancytokeratin. Subsequently, we contacted the patient and learned that she was admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology for painless and progressive visual field loss 15 years ago. She had been diagnosed with a primary ocular (uveal) melanoma. A detailed patient history coupled with histological and immunohistochemical findings were necessary to make the final diagnosis of metastatic melanoma.