[Social representation of chemotherapy and cancer among intern trainee doctor in Ouagadougou]. / Représentation sociale de la chimiothérapie et du cancer chez les étudiants de troisième cycle d'études médicales à Ouagadougou.

INTRODUCTION: The perceptions that postgraduate medical students have about cancer and chemotherapy could have an impact on the quality of their interactions with their future patients. We conducted this study in order to highlight their representational field for chemotherapy and cancer. METHOD: From February 1st to May 31st 2018, 618 students from the 3rd cycle in medical studies from Saint-Thomas d'Aquin University and Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo of the city of Ouagadougou took part in the study. They were given self-administered questionnaire, which include a collection of free and hierarchical evocations in response to the inducers "cancer" and "chemotherapy". They were also asked to propose arguments to convince and gain trust of a fictitious patient waiting for chemotherapy. RESULTS: The fatal aspect of cancer was largely present in their representational world. The representational field of chemotherapy was related to the side effects and the expensive aspect of anticancer drugs. In spite of a negative representation of cancer, students were able to find words with positive connotations to convince patients waiting for chemotherapy to follow treatment. DISCUSSION: Knowing these representations makes it possible to understand the stakes of the doctor-patient relationship in order to improve the training of future doctors, as well as the care of patients.

Male breast cancer: diagnosis stages, treatment and survival in a country with limited resources (Burkina Faso).

BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer is a rare and less known disease. Therapeutic modalities affect survival. In Burkina Faso, male breast cancers are diagnosed in everyday practice, but the prognosis at short-, middle-, and long-term remains unknown. The objective of this study is to study the diagnosis stages, therapeutic modalities, and 5-year survival in male breast cancer at the General Surgery Unit of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital from 1990 to 2009. METHODS: A cohort longitudinal study concerning cases of breast cancer diagnosed in man. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival curves were compared through the LogRank test. RESULTS: Fifty-one cases of male breast cancer were followed-up, i.e., 2.6% of all breast cancers. Stages III and IV represented 88% of cases. Eleven patients (21.6%) were at metastatic stage. Patients were operated in 60.8% of cases. The surgery included axillary dissection in 25 (80.6%) out of 31 cases. Lumpectomy was performed on 6.5% of patients (2 cases). Fifteen (29.4%) and 11 (21.6%) patients underwent chemotherapy and hormonal therapy, respectively. The FAC protocol was mostly used. Radiation therapy was possible in two cases. The median deadline for follow-up was 14.8 months. A local recurrence was noticed in 3.2% of cases. The overall 5-year survival rate was 49.9%. The median survival was over 5 years for stages I and II. It was 54 down to 36 months for stages III and IV. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis is late. The lack of immunohistochemistry makes it difficult to define the proportion of their hormonal dependence. Surgery is the basic treatment. Five-year survival is slow and the median survival depends on the diagnosis stage. It can be improved through awareness-raising campaigns and the conduct of individual screening.