PHARMACOLOGY OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER.

The aim of this study was to evaluate current approaches to the pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. An information search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE by keywords: "posttraumatic stress disorder", "treatment", and "medications". Search depth 2012-2022 years. From the general data (4877 articles) there were selected 14 articles with the highest degree of relevance. A content analysis of selected articles was carried out with the formation of recommendations for the use of pharmacotherapy in posttraumatic stress disorder. Currently, there are no unified approaches to the pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. Antidepressants (SSRI SNRIs) are primarily considered as first-line drugs, but only sertraline, paroxetine, and fluoxetine are approved by the FDA. But these drugs have a fairly wide range of side effects, including suicidal thoughts. The use of benzodiazepines should be limited as they increase the risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder. Vortioxetine becomes a very promising option. The most significant benefits of vortioxetine are the significant positive effects of vortioxetine on attention, memory, and executive function. There is some evidence for the use of alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonists and alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists in therapy. In insomnia the use of prazosin and trazodone is recommended. Pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder requires administration of medications with multimodal action. Currently, there are no unified approaches to the pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. Further randomized clinical trials are necessary for developing effective treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder.

PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH LIVER DYSFUNCTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EXOGENOUS POLLUTANTS.

The widespread use of chemicals by modern society and the prevalence of harmful habits (alcoholism, tobacco smoking, drug addiction) leads to an unnaturally high intake of exogenous pollutants in the human body, which can cause damage to internal organs, including the reproductive system. The aim of this study was to determine the peculiarities of the reproductive system of women of reproductive age with liver dysfunction under the influence of exogenous pollutants, namely, due to harmful working conditions and tobacco smoking. Estimation of activity of liver enzymes was determined by the level of activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamate transaminase. The first group (control group) included women with no changes in liver enzyme activity and no history of harmful working conditions or bad habits. The second group (comparison group) - women with no history of harmful working conditions and bad habits, but with laboratory data showing changes in liver enzyme activity. The third group included women who have been working with harmful substances for more than 10 years. The fourth group included women who have smoked for more than 10 years. Changes in objective indicators of women's reproductive system have been studied (vaginal discharge, elasticity of the vaginal wall, epithelial integrity, mucous membranes moistness, pH of the vaginal contents, cytological type, vaginal contents) for all groups. Gynecologic examination and evaluation revealed changes indicating the presence of candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis (caused by anaerobic microbiota) in women who worked in harmful working conditions and smoked, both with and without signs of inflammation. During the objective examination, changes in vaginal discharge were observed in women. Only in 20% of women with smoking habits and 10% of women with harmful working conditions there was no vaginal discharge, while in the control group, such women were the majority. In the group with signs of impaired liver function, the absence of discharge was observed in 30% of women. According to the results of cytological studies, a quarter of women who smoked and one in five women who worked in hazardous conditions had estrogen deficiency, apparently as a result of dysregulation disorders under the influence of pollutants. The inflammatory or cytolytic type of smear, which is a consequence of restructuring, was observed in most women from the smoking group. Also, in the two study groups, there was an increase in the number of cases of fungal or Gardnerella vaginal lesions. Disorders of the genital organs in women under the influence of exogenous pollutants are associated with hepatic and endocrine disorders. Obviously, the mechanisms of formation of the pathological condition cause these disorders, and since women working in harmful conditions and smoking have more developed gynecological manifestations, they have more developed symptoms. Inflammatory changes have been revealed in the cervix for up to 30% of women with the influence of xenobiotics. The relationship between the activity of liver enzymes and epithelial integrity has been revealed as the most significant correlation in study parameters (r=0.71 for alanine aminotransferase and epithelial integrity).

[Use of antimicrobial articles in the prevention of pyoderma and dermatomycoses]. / Primenenie antimikrobnykh izdelii dlia profilaktiki gnoinichkovykh u gribkovykh zabolevanii kozhi.

The authors present results of experimental and clinical studies of antimicrobial articles (underwear, socks, insoles and gloves) containing catamine AB and base use of these articles for prevention of pyoderma and dermatomycoses.

[The use of individual protective devices for decreasing the microbial contamination of the inhaled air]. / Primenenie sredstv individual'noi zashchity dlia snizheniia mikrobnoi obsemenennosti vdykhaemogo vozdukha.

The work was aimed to justify application of gas masks and respirators with autonomous air source fo lower bacterial contamination of inhaled air. The studies also covered possible catch of bacteria by cotton and filters FPP-15-1.5, those composed of antimicrobial materials, containing furagin or copper ions. As the studies proved, for lower bacterial contaminations of inhaled air one can apply autonomous air source apparatus with filters made of Petrianov tissue, antimicrobial tissue (containing furagin or copper ions), as they reduce fungal content of the air. Such filters are self-disinfecting, but do not influence total contamination of the air.