[Primary hepatotropic viral infections in Mongolia]. / Zakazenia wirusami HBV, HCV i HDV w Mongolii.

Mongolia is known for its high endemicity for viral hepatitis infections, accounted for 25% of infectious disease cases in 2000. Studies revealed these infections are prevalent among young adults in Mongolia. The infections are first and foremost nosocomial infections. The incidence of primary liver cancer, caused HBV, HDV and HCV chronic infections has increased in the last several years. Although viral hepatitis infections are recognized as a serious health problem in the country, not many epidemiological and clinical studies have been done. Few studies that were done were conducted among limited numbers of high risk subjects. These reports indicated that HBsAg prevalence was between 6.9% and 28.7% and anti-HCV prevalence was between 10.7% and 48% in different population samples and in different years. More studies are needed to determine the real magnitude of hepatitis infections in the general population and to isolate and reduce the exposures specific to at risk population groups. National programs controlling hepatitis infections includes primary prevention strategies such as education, vaccination and infection control particularly in hospital settings, must be implemented to improve the awareness about hepatitis infection especially among youth, women and blood donors.

[AIDS associated cancers in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)]. / Nowotwory zwiazane z AIDS w erze skojarzonego leczenia antyretrowirusowego (HAART).

HIV infected subjects are at increased risk of developing cancer and the risk seems to be directly associated with the level of immunodeficiency. Kaposi's sarcoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (ARL) and invasive cervical cancer are the most common AIDS-defining malignancies. HAART widely used since 1996 changed the natural process of HIV infection by aggressively suppressing viral replication and progress of HIV disease. It significantly reduced the incidence of AIDS associated events and deaths and even changed treatment regimens ofAIDS associated cancers. With the immune restoration afforded by HAART, patients better responded to cancer treatment. There are data demonstrating that HAART regimens alone lead to remission of Kaposi's sarcoma. HAART allows the use of standard-dose chemotherapies for NON-Hodgkin lymphoma in HIV infected pacients and same treatment regimen for invasive cervical cancer in infected patients as non-infected patients.