[Caries experience and elementary composition of mixed saliva in adult patients with dental fluorosis]. / Intensivnost' kariesa i élementnyi sostav smeshannoi sliuny u vzroslykh patsientov s fliuorozom zubov.

AIM: Caries experience assessment in adult patients with dental fluorosis living in endemic area and in the region with normal fluoride concentration in drinking water; assessment of correlation between DMFT index and elementary composition of mixed saliva in adult patients with dental fluorosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of patients took part in the clinical study. Group 1 involved 33 persons with dental fluorosis living in endemic area. In group 2 there were 31 persons with dental fluorosis living in region with normal fluoride concentration in drinking water. DMFT index was calculated. Enamel resistance to acids and remineralizing activity of saliva were tested. Electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) was used to detect elementary composition of mixed saliva. RESULTS: The mean DMFT value was 3.97±0.31 in group 1 and 4.65±0.41 in group 2, which was 15% higher. In both groups high enamel resistance to acids was observed, but remineralizing activity of saliva was significantly better in group 1. The mean fluoride concentration in mixed saliva was 42% higher in group 1 comparing to group 2 (0.108±0.003 mass%, and 0.063±0.0002 mass%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Adult patients with dental fluorosis living in endemic area are more caries resistant comparing to those living in region with normal fluoride concentration in drinking water. It's associated with elevated fluoride concentration in mixed saliva due to permanent fluoride consumption with drinking water.

[Oral health in patients with systemic sclerosis]. / Stomatologicheskii status patsientov s sistemnoi sklerodermiei.

The aim of this study was to conduct literature review about oral manifestations of scleroderma. Systemic sclerosis is a multisystem autoimmune disorder characterized by widespread fibrosis, vascular alterations and inflammation. Systemic sclerosis mainly affects people in age from 30 to 50 years, but the onset of disease can occur in any age. The disturbance of microcirculation with the activation and proliferation of endothelium and smooth muscle cells plays an important role in pathogenesis of sclerodrma. These changes lead to sclerosis and fibrosis of various part in human body. Orofacial manifestations of scleroderma include: reduced mouth opening, widening of periodontal ligament, teleangiectasia, bone lesions. Systemic scleroderma is often accompanied by Sjogren's syndrome. Oral manifestations of Sjogren's syndrome are recurrent parotitis, angular cheilitis, xerostomia and multiple caries. Sjogren's syndrome leads to negative impact on patients health and mental status. Orofacial manifestations of systemic sclerosis are still poorly known, that is why more researches should be made to improve dental treatment of patients with systemic sclerosis.

[The long-term results of teeth restoration with composite resin materials: a systematic literature review]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty restavratsii zubov kompozitnymi materialami svetovogo otverzhdeniia: obzor literatury.

AIM: To evaluate by means of a systematic review the survival rate of composite resin restorations in the long-term period and the main factors, affecting the quality of restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An electronic search was performed in eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus. Restriction period was 2007-2017 years. The eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and prospective and retrospective cohort studies with at least 3 years of follow-up. RESULTS: The initial search resulted in 328 articles after an initial assessment and careful reading, 17 studies were included in this review. The overall survival rate of composite restorations was 90.7% after 3 years, 89.5% after 5 years, 89.3% after 7 years and 75.6% after 10 years. The highest loss rate was for class II restorations at molars. However there was not enough information about class III and IV restorations and direct veneers. According to majority of publications, type of composite resin material and adhesive system do not affect the survival rate of restorations. The main risk factors of failure are smoking, beverages consumption, bruxism, xerostomia and low level of caries resistance. CONCLUSION: The results of this review suggest that composite resin restorations can demonstrate clinically acceptable results in the long-term period. In case of compliance with treatment protocol the longevity of composite resin restoration is more than 15 years.

[Efficiency of chronic apical periodontitis treatment with use of Granulotec endodontic sealer]. / Éffektivnost' lecheniia khronicheskogo periodontita s ispol'zovaniem materiala Granulotec dlia postoiannoi obturatsii kornevogo kanala.

AIM: Efficiency assessment of Granulotec (PD) endodontic sealer for root canal permanent obturation in patients with apical granuloma basing on clinical and radiological data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Endodontic treatment of 35 teeth with apical granuloma was performed in 22 patients with root canal obturation by means of lateral condensation with Granulotec sealer. Bone remodeling in periapical area has been estimated in 1, 3, 6 and 8 months with PAI index. RESULTS: Endodontic post-operative pain has been observed in 5 (14.3%) cases of 35, pain duration varied 1 to 5 days, NSAIDs use hasn't been required. During observation period 2 teeth have been excluded from the test group (one case of periapical abscess with sinus tract and one case periapical abscess without sinus tract). In the end of observation period complete bone remodeling was observed in 30 cases, the periapical lesion size significant reduction was achieved in 2 cases, periapical lesion stabilization - in 1 case. The overall success rate was 91.4%. The mean PAI value decreased from 4.2±0.2 to 1.4±0.2. CONCLUSION: The Granulotec (PD) use for one visit chronic apical periodontitis treatment allows achieving positive results with low complications risk.

[Comparison of interdental oral hygiene aids efficiency in patients with healthy periodontium: a split-mouth study]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka éffektivnosti sredstv interdental'noi gigieny rta u patsientov so zdorovym parodontom: issledovanie split-mouth.

AIM: Comparison of different interdental aids efficiency in patients with healthy periodontium. METHODS: A non-randomized controlled split-mouth study was carried out in 25 young adults with healthy periodontium. The mouth was divided into 4 quadrants. All the participants used manual toothbrush. Additional hygienic aids included SPS prime (Curaprox) interdental in quadrant 1 brushes, dental floss (Curaprox) in quadrant 2, unituft toothbrush (Curaprox) in quadrant 3, no interdental aids were used in quadrant 4. The oral hygiene efficiency was assessed after 4 weeks with Silness-Loe Plaque Index (PI) and Rustogi et al. Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI). RESULTS: After 4 weeks the mean value of PI decreased from 1.2±0.27 to 0.7±0.28, the mean value of RMNPI decreased from 0.7±0.11 to 0.5±0.16. At the primary examination, there was no statistically significant difference of PI and RMNPI values between the quadrants. After 4 weeks, ANOVA test demonstrated significant difference between the quadrants. The minimal PI and RMNPI values were determined in quadrant 1 (0.4±0.16 and 0.3±0.11, respectively). The maximal PI and RMNPI values were determined in quadrant 4 (1.0±0.21 and 0.6±0.14, respectively). There was no significant difference between quadrants 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: In limitations of this study, the maximal oral hygiene efficiency was achieved with use of manual toothbrush combined with interdental brush.

[Comparative effectiveness of therapeutic toothpastes with fluoride and hydroxyapatite]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka éffektivnosti lechebno-profilakticheskikh zubnykh past, soderzhashchikh ftorid i gidroksiapatit.

The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of toothpastes containing hydroxyapatite and fluoride on enamel caries resistance and remineralization rate. Study groups comprised 160 patients divided in 2 groups of 80 patients: 40 - at the age of 15-17 and 40 at the age of 18-25 who have been using toothpastes with hydroxyapatite and fluoride during 1 year. The plaque determination was carried out with the use of OHI-S and Turesky indexes. Litmus test pieces were used to determine oral fluid pH. The clinical determination of enamel remineralization rate, dynamics of acid resistance of enamel were carried out. Oral hygiene at baseline examination was poor in both groups. After oral hygiene training, there was a tendency towards indexes decrease more pronounced in the 18-25 age group regardless of the composition of the toothpastes used. Mean baseline oral fluid pH in the observation group was 6.5±0.4, in the comparison group - 6.8±0.4. By the end of the trial there was a tendency towards the increase of the oral fluid pH, which were 7.3±0.3 and 7.7±0.3, respectively. The enamel acid resistance of the patients of the observation group was significantly higher (p>0.05) compared with the group of patients using fluoride toothpaste, as well as the proportion of patients in whom the enamel recovery occurred within 24 hours (47.5% vs. 22.5%, respectively).

[Assessment of antibacterial efficacy of ozone therapy in treatment of caries at the white spot stage]. / Antibakterial'naia éffektivnost' ozonoterapii pri lechenii kariesa v stadii belogo piatna.

Effect on cariogenic flora is the key toremineralizing therapy efficacy in treatment of initial caries (at the white spot stage). Ozone in dentistry is used as a highly effective antibacterial agent. Treatment of white spot lesions with the ozone-air mixture leads to significant increase of efficacy in non-invasive treatment of initial caries. OBJECTIVE: clinical and microbiological assessment of antibacterial efficacy of ozone therapy in treatment of caries at the white spot stage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial recruited 86 patients for non-invasive treatment of caries at the white spot stage which included the complex of professional oral hygiene, medicamental treatment of white spot lesions with hydrogen peroxide 3% and chlorhexidinedigluconate 0,2%, treatment with the ozone-air mixture and application of hydroxyapatite Са2+. Material for microbiological study was received before the treatment, after the complex of professional oral hygiene and medicamental treatment of white spot lesions conducted as well as after the treatment with the ozone-air mixture. RESULTS: Before the treatment up to 16 kinds of microorganisms on the surface of white spot lesion were detected with the following shares: S. mutans (19.9%), S. salivarius (15.1%), S. epidermidis (8.7%), S. mitis (6.5%), Lactobacillus (6.5%) and different kinds of staphylococci (10.8%). After the complex of professional oral hygiene and medicamental treatment conducted decrease in number of cariogenic microorganisms was indicated as follows: S. mutans - from 1·105 to 1·104, S. salivarius - from 1·107 to 1·106, S. epidermidis - from 1·105 to 1·104, S. mitis - from 1·104 to 1·103, Lactobacillus - from 1·104 tо 1·103. After the treatment of tooth enamel with the ozone-air mixture increase in microorganisms was not observed. The efficacy of ozone on cariogenic microorganisms exceeds significantly the efficacy of 3% hydrogen peroxide and 0,2% chlorhexidinedigluconate. CONCLUSION: It is strongly advisable to include ozone in protocol of non-invasive treatment of initial dental caries.