Etat des reserves en fer des femmes enceintes; des femmes allaitantes et des enfants de 1 a 60 mois a Lubumbashi; RD Congo

Le present travail a pour objectif d'evaluer le statut martial des personnes a risque d'anemier a Lubumbashi. Le niveau des reserves en fer a ete determiner sur base du dosage de ferritine serique chez 53 femmes enceintes; 38 femmes allaitantes et 49 enfants de 1 a 60 mois. Cette etude montre que le statut martial est normal (ferritine entre 30-200 ng/ml) dans 23chez les femmes enceintes; 8chez les femmes allaitantes et 62chez les enfants. Dans les trois groupes; la carence martiale (ferritine 12 ng/ml) a ete observee respectivement dans 34; 58; et 20dans des cas alors que la precarence (ferritine entre 12-30ng/ml) ) a ete retrouve respectivement entre 43; 34; et 4des cas. Chez la femme enceinte; la grande majorite des cas de carence et de precarence a ete notee au deuxieme et au troisieme trimestre de la grossesse (62). Par ailleurs; 4d'enfants accusent une surcharge martiale (ferritine entre 500-1000 ng/ml). A la lumiere de ces resultats; une supplementation systematique en fer devra instauree chez les femmes allaittantes et les femmes enceintes au deuxieme et au troisieme trimestre de la grossesse. Chez les enfants; elle ne pourra etre indiquee que sur la base d'investigations approfondies

Strategic planning for research use in nursing practice.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To prepare for a culture change to integrate research utilization into daily nursing practice, the authors conducted a descriptive survey of all registered nurses (RNs) in an integrated healthcare delivery system. The purposes of this study were to assess RNs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nursing research activities, assess factors that support a research environment, and determine facilitating and challenging factors related to conducting regional nursing research. METHODS: A 33-item survey based on the Iowa Model for Evidence-Based Practice was developed, validated, and determined to be reliable by the authors. Site coordinators organized and managed the orientation, administration, and collection of data from the 2,736 registered nurses who worked in 6 hospitals, 65 affiliated clinics, and 3 business units. Narrative notes taken by study investigators were analyzed for themes to determine challenging and facilitating factors for conducting regional research. RESULTS: Education and job title significantly predicted knowledge and ability to perform research activities but was not related to willingness to engage in research activities. Several environmental factors were associated with knowledge of, willingness to engage in, and ability to perform research utilization activities. Challenging and facilitating factors to conducting regional research were identified. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Our research environment is changing to value research as shown in the philosophy, conceptual framework, and bylaws for the professional nursing staff. Novice-to-expert research utilization expectations are included in the promotional model for nursing. All RN job descriptions and the annual performance tool were revised to include responsibilities related to research activities. The Iowa Model for Evidence-Based Practice was adopted as the method for creating practice validation and change. Train-the-trainer educational and experiential sessions are being designed for nurse leaders; all new RN employees complete a self-assessment tool of research utilization knowledge and the nursing division strategic goals incorporate research utilization expectations. The elements of this plan may be useful for nurse executives. Healthcare systems are restructuring throughout the world and within the United States. These changes are occurring to better meet the evolving healthcare needs of the population through cost-effective approaches. Within the United States, emerging organized healthcare systems require research related to patient care outcomes and the health systems that can best address them.