RESUMEN
(1) Background: Even though the comorbidity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and a psychotic disorder (PD), such as schizophrenia, is being increasingly recognized, the impact of this comorbidity on the clinical presentation, including insight into obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the functioning of OCD, remains unclear. (2) Methods: To investigate clinical differences between OCD patients with and without PD, 86 Japanese outpatients who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for OCD were recruited and divided into two groups: 28 OCD patients with PD, and 58 OCD patients without PD. The two groups were cross-sectionally compared in terms of their sociodemographic profiles and clinical characteristics, including the DSM-IV-TR insight specifier and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). (3) Results: The results showed that OCD patients with PD scored lower on both the insight and GAF assessments. (4) Conclusions: The present study suggests that comorbid PD in OCD is a clinical entity.
RESUMEN
Stereocontrolled syntheses of biotin-labeled oligosaccharide portions containing the non reducing end oligosaccharides of glycosphingolipids from Ascaris suum have been accomplished. Galα1â3GalNAcß1âOR (1), Galß1â3Galα1â3GalNAcß1âOR (2), Galß1â6Galα1â3GalNAcß1âOR (3), Galß1â6(Galß1â3)Galα1â3GalNAcß1âOR (4) and GlcNAcß1â6Galß1â6(Galß1â3)Galα1â3GalNAcß1âOR (5) (R = biotinylated probe) were synthesized by stepwise condensation (1-4) and block synthesis (5) using 5-(methoxycarbonylpentyl) 2-O-benzoyl-3-O-2-napthylmethyl-4,6-O-di-tert-butylsilylene-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1â3)-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-ß-D-galactopyranoside (12) as a common precursor. Compound 12 was converted into two kinds of glycosyl acceptors and was condensed with suitable galactosyl donors, respectively.