RESUMEN
With the 2015 passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), the oversight of language policy in US schools shifted from federal to state governance. Although the education of students officially designated as English learners (ELs) has historically been grounded in federal law, we argue that English learners' educational experiences are also largely influenced by societal attitudes towards immigrants and immigration. Using a critical policy analysis (CPA) approach, we examine how twelve states' immigrant policy contexts are associated with the EL educational policies articulated in their ESSA implementation plans. We find that states' demographic and immigrant policy contexts combine to produce four distinct approaches toward EL education, from departing to approaching equity.
RESUMEN
We studied microhydrated calcium thiosulfate and its ions at the restricted Hartree-Fock RHF/6-31G* level of theory. A semiempirical molecular dynamics search of progressively more hydrated species provided lowest-energy configurations that were then fully optimized and characterized as energy minima at the RHF/6-31G* level of theory. The first solvation shell of calcium thiosulfate contains 18 water molecules, while the first solvation shell of thiosulfate ion consists of 15 water molecules. QTAIM calculations show hydrogen bonding to sulfur. At 298.15 K, we estimate the total standard enthalpies of hydration for thiosulfate ion and calcium thiosulfate at infinite dilution as -301 kcal mol(-1) and -335 kcal mol(-1), respectively. The dissociation of hydrated calcium thiosulfate at infinite dilution is predicted to be an endothermic process with an enthalpy of 262 kcal mol(-1). Based on some experimental data, the predominant form of calcium thiosulfate in solution is predicted to be the contact ion pair.
RESUMEN
Evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento de las úlceras venosas de los miembros inferiores por vía intradérmica. Estudio realizado en la Clínica Santa Sofía, Caracas. Se trata de un estudio prospectivo en 19 pacientes, 10 del sexo femenino y 9 del sexo masculino, los cuales presentaron úlceras en miembros inferiores de etiología vascular, con un promedio de edad de 60 años. Se trataron por vía intradérmica con sustancias que estimulan elementos importantes del tejido conectivo. El proceso de cicatrización de la úlcera se hizo progresivo a partir de la cuarta semana de tratamiento, con un cierre total de la úlcera a las 12 semanas. La intradermoterapia puede ser una alternativa en el tratamiento de las úlceras venosas de los miembros inferiores cuando no respondan a otras terapias aplicadas.