The prevalence and clinical associations of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women from Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and the clinical and demographic associations of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women from southern Brazil. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, pregnant women attending prenatal care at two university clinics in Curitiba, Brazil, were investigated for clinical and demographic data and for serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and parathyroid hormone. Data were collected during summer (January 26 to March 4, 2016) or winter (July 28 to August 31, 2016). RESULTS: The study included 520 women, with 264 studied in winter and 256 in summer. The median vitamin D level was 53.41 nmol/L; 227 (43.7%) women had vitamin D deficiency (<49.92 nmol/L), 193 (37.1%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 100 (19.2%) had a normal level (≥74.88 nmol/L). The vitamin D serum level was linked to the season (P<0.001) and the body mass index (P=0.026). Women with HIV infections had a lower prevalence and women with pre-eclampsia had a higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (P<0.001 and P=0.025, respectively). The association between pre-eclampsia and low vitamin D status was independent of body mass index, tobacco exposure, maternal age, and pregnancy duration (P=0.043; odds ratio 1.014-2.795). CONCLUSION: The rate of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women from southern Brazil was high. Hypovitaminosis D was more common in winter and was associated with pre-eclampsia.

Hand-foot-genital syndrome - analysis of two cases.

Hand-food-genital syndrome (HFGS) is a rare genetic condition. This report describes the cases of two patients, aged 33 and 15, presenting related somatic abnormalities. HFGS stems from an autosomal anomaly linked to the HOXA 13 gene. Therapeutic procedures are discussed in order to identify the best treatment approach to the patients, as well as possible conditioning genetic anomalies.

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its correlation with metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women at childbearing age. Metabolic syndrome is present from 28% to 46% of patients with PCOS. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome. There are few published studies that correlate PCOS and NAFLD. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS, and to verify if there is a correlation between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in this population. METHODS: Study developed at Gynecology Department of Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Parana (UFPR). The sessions were conducted from April 2008 to January 2009. One hundred and thirty-one patients joined the analysis; 101 were diagnosed with PCOS and 30 formed the control group. We subdivided the PCOS patients into two subgroups: PCOS+NAFLD and PCOS. All the patients were submitted to hepatic sonography. For hepatoestheatosis screening, hepatic ecotexture was compared do spleen's. For diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, we adopted the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria, as well as the criteria proposed by International Diabetes Federation. Statistical analysis were performed with t of student and U of Mann-Whitney test for means and chi square for proportions. RESULTS: At PCOS group, NAFLD was present in 23.8% of the population. At control group, it represented 3.3%, with statistical significance (P=0.01). Metabolic syndrome, by NCEP/ATP III criteria, was diagnosed in 32.7% of the women with PCOS and in 26.6% of the women at control group (no statistical difference, P=0.5). At PCOS+DHGNA subgroup, age, weight, BMI, abdominal circumference and glucose tolerance test results were higher when compared to PCOS group (P<0.01). Metabolic syndrome by NCEP/ATPIII criteria was present in 75% and by International Diabetes Federation criteria in 95.8% of women with PCOS+NAFLD with P<0.01. Insulin levels at SOP+DHGNA were higher than at PCOS group with P<0.01. CONCLUSION: Almost 25% of the patients with PCOS were diagnosed for NAFLD. Metabolic syndrome was present between 32.7% and 44.6% of patients with PCOS. At subgroup PCOS+NAFLD, metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent. These patients are more obese, with higher BMI and higher glucose levels.

Prevalence of nnn-alcoholic fatty liver diseasein women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its correlation with metabolic syndrome / Prevalência de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica em pacientes com síndrome dos ovários policísticos e sua correlação com síndrome metabólica

Background The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women at childbearing age. Metabolic syndrome is present from 28% to 46% of patients with PCOS. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome. There are few published studies that correlate PCOS and NAFLD. Objective To determine the prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS, and to verify if there is a correlation between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in this population. Methods Study developed at Gynecology Department of Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Parana (UFPR). The sessions were conducted from April 2008 to January 2009. One hundred and thirty-one patients joined the analysis; 101 were diagnosed with PCOS and 30 formed the control group. We subdivided the PCOS patients into two subgroups: PCOS+NAFLD and PCOS. All the patients were submitted to hepatic sonography. For hepatoestheatosis screening, hepatic ecotexture was compared do spleen’s. For diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, we adopted the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria, as well as the criteria proposed by International Diabetes Federation. Statistical analysis were performed with t of student and U of Mann-Whitney test for means and chi square for proportions. Results At PCOS group, NAFLD was present in 23.8% of the population. At control group, it represented 3.3%, with statistical significance (P=0.01). Metabolic syndrome, by NCEP/ATP III criteria, was diagnosed in 32.7% of the women with PCOS and in 26.6% of the women at control group (no statistical difference, P=0.5). At PCOS+DHGNA subgroup, age, weight, BMI, abdominal circumference and glucose tolerance test results were higher when compared to PCOS group (P<0.01). Metabolic syndrome by NCEP/ATPIII criteria was present in 75% and by International Diabetes Federation criteria ...

Contexto A síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) é um dos distúrbios endócrinos mais comuns nas mulheres na idade fértil. A síndrome metabólica está presente em 28% a 46% das pacientes com SOP. A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é considerada a expressão hepática da síndrome metabólica. Existem poucos estudos publicados da associação SOP e DHGNA. Objetivos Determinar a prevalência de DHGNA e síndrome metabólica em portadoras de SOP, verificar se existe correlação entre a ocorrência de DHGNA e síndrome metabólica nessa população. Métodos Estudo realizado no Ambulatório de Ginecologia do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná. O período de estudo foi de abril 2008 a janeiro de 2009. Participaram da análise 131 pacientes, sendo 101 com SOP e 30 controles. Subdividimos as pacientes com SOP em dois subgrupos: SOP+DHGNA e SOP. Todas foram submetidas a exame ultrassonográfico do fígado. Para rastreamento da esteatose hepática, a ecotextura do parênquima hepático foi comparada com a do baço. Para do diagnóstico da síndrome metabólica foram adotados os critérios propostos pelo National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) e do International Diabetes Federation. A análise estatística foi feita com teste t de student e U de Mann-Whitney para medias e qui-quadrado para proporções. Resultados No grupo com SOP, a DHGNA esteve presente em 23,8% da população. No grupo controle, isso ocorreu em 3,3%, com diferença estatística (P=0,01). A síndrome metabólica pelos critérios NCEP/ATP III, esteve presente em 32,7% no grupo SOP e 26,6% no grupo controle (sem diferença estatística P=0,5). No subgrupo SOP+DHGNA, a idade, o peso, IMC, circunferência abdominal e teste de tolerância à glicose foram maiores quando comparados ao grupo SOP (P<0,01). A síndrome metabólica pelo critério NCEP/ATPIII esteve presente em 75% e pelo International Diabetes Federation em 95,8% no grupo SOP+DHGNA com P<0,01. ...

Malformações genitais e erros genéticos / Genital malformations and genetical errors

A proposta deste estudo foi revisar os fatores genéticos e as anomalias cromossômicas passíveis de condicionarem anormalidades no aparelho genital feminino.

The aim of this study was to review the genetic factors and chromosomal abnormalities that can create Mullerian malformations in females' genital tract.

Biologia molecular: aspectos básicos da genética: parte I / Molecular biology: genetic basic aspects: part I

A presente revisão pretende analisar os mais recentes métodos existentes na Biologia molecular-genética médica, com direcionamento quanto à detecção e ao acompanhamento das diferentes neoplasias ginecológicas. Inicialmente, neste estudo serão discutidos os aspectos básicos e as características celulares importantes, as diversas fases celulares e os métodos de análise existentes para avaliação dos cromossomos e dos genes. São revistos os mais importantes fatores oncogênicos responsáveis pela carcinogênese, bem como a ação dos oncogenes e dos genes supressores dos tumores.

This review intends to analyze the latest existing methods in Molecular Biology-Medical genetics, focusing on the detection and tracking of different gynecological neoplasias. This study will initially discusses basic aspects and important cellular characteristics, as well as the different cellular phases and existing analytical methods for the study of chromosomes and genes. It also reviews the most important oncogenic factors which are responsible for carcinogenesis, as well as the action of oncogenes and tumor-supressing factors.

Câncer de ovário: análise de 49 casos / Ovarian cancer: analysis of 49 cases

O câncer de ovário constitui-se atualmente na terceira causa de morte em mulheres com neoplasias malignas sendo ultrapassado somente pelo câncer de mama e intestino. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar os aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos de pacientes portadoras de câncer de ovário. Foi realizado levantamento retrospectivo de todas as pacientes atendidas no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná no período de janeiro de 1979 a dezembro de 1989. Foram encontradas 49 pacientes que constituíram o grupo de estudo. A idade mínima foi de 13 anos (um caso de tumor mucinoso de malignidade limítrofe); e a idade máxima de 78 anos. Cerca de 28 pacientes (57,14 por cento) tinham mais de 51 anos de idade. A grande maioria das pacientes era de cor branca (89,8 por cento). Ocorreu incidência bastante elevada nas pacientes multíparas, 34 (69,39 por cento) tinham três ou mais gestatçöes, e destas 23 (46,94 por cento) mais de cinco gestatçöes, e destas 23 (46,94 por cento) mais de cinco gestatçöes, contrapondo os dados da literatura. Vinte e uma pacientes (42,86 por cento) eram menopausadas, e 21 (42,86 por cento) das pacientes apresentavam ciclos menstruais regulares. A queixa principal foi aumento de volume abdominal em 22 pacientes (44,9 por cento) e dor abdominal em 12 (24,49 por cento). A presença de ascite foi representativa, refletindo o diagnóstico em estádios avançados em 18 pacientes (36,74 por cento). O achado cirúrgico mais comum foi tumor ovariano uni ou bilateral com invasäo da pelve e/ou omento em 23 casos (46,94 por cento), e tumor ovariano unilateral em 16 casos (32,65 por cento). Histerectomia abdominal total, salpingooforectomia bilateral foi realizada em 37 pacientes (75,51 por cento). Após o tratamento cirúrgico, 24 pacientes (48, 98 por cento) foram submetidas a quimioterapia, e radioterapia em apenas duas (4,08 por cento). Treze pacientes perderam o seguimento. Das 10 pacientes que näo foram submetidas à químio ou radioterapia, seis foram a óbito antes mesmo de iniciar o tratamento adjuvante. Os tumores epiteliais ocorreram em 61,23 por cento, sendo o mais comum o cistoadenocarcinoma seroso em 12 casos (24,49 por cento), tumores metastáticos em nove casos (18,37 por cento), tumores estromais em sete (14,21 por cento), tumores mistos em 4,08 por cento, linhagem germinativa em 2,04 por cento. O presente estudo evidencia que as pacientes procuram recurso médico em estádios mais avantados da doença...