RESUMEN
Phytochemical study of the species Kaunia lasiophthalma enabled the isolation of three undescribed and three known guaianolide-type sesquiterpene lactones, and one new benzofuran. The bioguided fractionation methodology was successful in detecting antimicrobial metabolites against Staphylococcus aureus strains and permitted the description of undescribed guaianolide-type sesquiterpene lactones with substitution patterns matching all those described in the Oxylobinae subtribe.
Asunto(s)
Asteraceae , Sesquiterpenos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Fitoquímicos , Lactonas/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The goals of this study were to determine the phytochemical profile of Jodina rhombifolia and to evaluate the ability of supercritical fluids (ScFCO2) to selectively extract the metabolites responsible for the bioactivity. This species has simple aromatic compounds and lignan monomers, as well as glycerides containing epoxidized saturated fatty acids. Regarding the extraction by ScFCO2, the extracts showed a higher antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic strains, with respect to the ethanolic extracts obtained from plant residues after extraction by ScFCO2. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds were concentrated in just 1% P/P of the weight of the dry plant material. Extraction by ScFCO2 was carried out under different conditions of pressure and temperature, with the best results being obtained at 30 °C and 30 MPa. The results obtained demonstrate the advantages of ScFCO2 extractions over classical solvent extractions, in terms of improved safety and the ability to selectively extract the compounds of interest.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Cromatografía con Fluido Supercrítico , Humanos , Dióxido de Carbono/química , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Antioxidantes/química , Cromatografía con Fluido Supercrítico/métodosRESUMEN
Eleven new withanolides (1-11) were isolated and characterized from the aerial parts of Nicandra john-tyleriana. Five of these withanolides have an unmodified skeleton (1-5), two are acnistins (6, 7), and four are withajardins (8-11). These new isolates were fully characterized using a combination of spectroscopic techniques (including multidimensional NMR) and mass spectrometry. All compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Bacillus, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Listeria, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus strains.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Solanaceae/química , Witanólidos/aislamiento & purificación , Witanólidos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Bacillus/efectos de los fármacos , Enterococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Listeria/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructura Molecular , Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Perú , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Pseudomonas/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Witanólidos/químicaRESUMEN
Three compounds: (2S)-8-(3''-methylbut-2''-enyl)-7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavanone, (2S)-8-(3''-methyl-4''-hydroxy-but-2''-enyl)-7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavanone and (2S)-8-(3''-methyl-4''-hydroxy-but-2''-enyl)-5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone, along with five previously known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Flourensia fiebrigii. Their structures were elucidated by application of various spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques.
Asunto(s)
Asteraceae/química , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Estructura Molecular , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/químicaRESUMEN
The MeOH extract of aerial parts of Flourensia riparia Grisebach (Asteraceae) afforded a sesquiterpene lactone, 4beta-hydroxy-4,10alpha-dimethyl-7alphaH,8alphaH-eudesman-11-ene-8,12-olide, together with septuplinolide, its isomer at positions C-5 and C-10. In addition, known flavonoids, p-hydroxyacetophenone derivatives, carabrone and isoalantolactone were identified. Three known flavonoids and a benzofuran were isolated from Flourensia campestris Wedd.