RESUMEN
Uretero-iliac artery fistula is an uncommon finding, which typically occurs following abdominal surgery, trauma, radiation, or ureteral stent placement. This usually presents in a patient with intermittent hematuria, making it difficult to diagnosis. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is gold-standard for diagnosis, but a high-degree of clinical suspicion must be present to make the diagnosis. This often does not occur until there is massive hemorrhage leading to anemia and, not uncommonly, can be fatal. There are multiple proposed mechanisms of fistula formation, which are discussed here. We present a case of nonfatal fistula formation and the difficulties of diagnosing the condition.
RESUMEN
Pure spin currents, unaccompanied by dissipative charge flow, are essential for realizing energy-efficient nanomagnetic information and communications devices. Thin-film magnetic insulators have been identified as promising materials for spin-current technology because they are thought to exhibit lower damping compared with their metallic counterparts. However, insulating behavior is not a sufficient requirement for low damping, as evidenced by the very limited options for low-damping insulators. Here, we demonstrate a new class of nanometer-thick ultralow-damping insulating thin films based on design criteria that minimize orbital angular momentum and structural disorder. Specifically, we show ultralow damping in <20 nm thick spinel-structure magnesium aluminum ferrite (MAFO), in which magnetization arises from Fe3+ ions with zero orbital angular momentum. These epitaxial MAFO thin films exhibit a Gilbert damping parameter of â¼0.0015 and negligible inhomogeneous linewidth broadening, resulting in narrow half width at half-maximum linewidths of â¼0.6 mT around 10 GHz. Our findings offer an attractive thin-film platform for enabling integrated insulating spintronics.
RESUMEN
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) plays a critical role in the development of spintronics, thereby demanding new strategies to control PMA. Here we demonstrate a conceptually new type of interface induced PMA that is controlled by oxygen octahedral rotation. In superlattices comprised of La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_{3} and SrIrO_{3}, we find that all superlattices (0≤x≤1) exhibit ferromagnetism despite the fact that La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_{3} is antiferromagnetic for x>0.5. PMA as high as 4×10^{6} erg/cm^{3} is observed by increasing x and attributed to a decrease of oxygen octahedral rotation at interfaces. We also demonstrate that oxygen octahedral deformation cannot explain the trend in PMA. These results reveal a new degree of freedom to control PMA, enabling discovery of emergent magnetic textures and topological phenomena.