RESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of melatonin against arsenic-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in rat testes. A total of 27 male rats were divided into 3 groups: control (saline: 5 ml kg(-1) day(-1), intragastrically), arsenic (sodium arsenite (NaAsO2): 5 mg kg(-1) day(-1), intragastrically), and arsenic + melatonin (sodium arsenite (NaAsO2): 5 mg kg(-1) day(-1), intragastrically and melatonin: 25 mg kg(-1) day(-1), intraperitoneally) group. At the end of 30 days, the rats were killed under anesthesia. Histopathological examination showed that testicular injury mediated by arsenic was ameliorated by the administration of melatonin. The number of apoptotic germ cell was increased, and the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive germ cell was decreased in testis after arsenic administration. Our data indicate a significant reduction in the activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling, and there was a rise in the expression of PCNA in testis of arsenic + melatonin group. The decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities as well as increased malondialdehyde levels in testis due to arsenic administration were also counteracted by melatonin. These data suggested that melatonin has beneficial effects against arsenic-induced testicular damage by decreasing morphological damage, germ cell apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that melatonin plays a protective role against arsenic-induced testicular apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Arsénico/toxicidad , Melatonina/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Arsenitos/toxicidad , Catalasa/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , ADN Nucleotidilexotransferasa/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/genética , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Compuestos de Sodio/toxicidad , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Enfermedades Testiculares/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Testiculares/tratamiento farmacológico , Testículo/patologíaRESUMEN
We aimed to investigate the protective role of thymoquinone (TQ) by targeting its antiapoptotic and antioxidant properties against kidney damage induced by arsenic in rats. We have used the 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into three groups. Physiological serum in 10 mL/kg dose as intragastric was given to the control group. Sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg, intragastric by gavage for fifteen days) was given to the arsenic group. Sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg, intragastric by gavage for fifteen days) and TQ (10 mg/kg, intragastric by gavage for 15 days) was given to the arsenic + TQ group. After 15 days, the animals' kidneys were taken theirs, then we have performed histological and apoptotic assessment. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels have examined as the oxidative stress parameters. We have determined the levels of arsenic. Increased renal injury and apoptotic cells have been detected in the arsenic group. Degenerative changes in the arsenic + TQ group were diminished. Although the MDA levels were augmented in the arsenic group, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px enzyme activities were lessened than the other groups. Our findings suggest that TQ may impede the oxidative stress, the cells have been damaged and also the generation of apoptotic cells arisen from arsenic. TQ plays a protective role against arsenic-induced toxicity in kidney and may potentially be used as a remedial agent.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Intoxicación por Arsénico/complicaciones , Benzoquinonas/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Renales/prevención & control , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Arsénico/metabolismo , Intoxicación por Arsénico/enzimología , Intoxicación por Arsénico/patología , Benzoquinonas/farmacología , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Riñón/enzimología , Riñón/patología , Enfermedades Renales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Renales/enzimología , Enfermedades Renales/patología , Masculino , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of ω-3 fatty acids (FAs) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. A total of 24 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups. Control group was given only saline by intragastric gavage. DOX group received DOX at the dose of 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally on day 28. DOX-ω-3 FA group was given as ω-3 FAs at the dose of 400 mg/kg daily by intragastric gavage for 30 days and received DOX at the dose of 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally on day 28. At the end of the 30-day experimental period, the serum, liver and kidney tissue specimens were taken from the animals by giving a general anesthesia. Glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum and GSH and MDA levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in liver and kidney tissues were measured spectrophotometrically. In our study, a significant increase in MDA levels was observed in rats when given a dose of DOX and a significant decrease in the levels of GSH, SOD and GSH-Px activities in serum, liver and kidney tissues was determined when compared with control group. In addition, a significant decrease in MDA levels was observed in rats when a dose of ω-3 FAs was given with DOX and a significant increase was determined in the levels of GSH, SOD and GSH-Px activities in serum, liver and kidney tissues, when compared with DOX group. We concluded that ω-3 FA had favorable effects in rat liver and kidney tissues by preventing oxidative damage.
Asunto(s)
Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/farmacología , Glutatión Peroxidasa/análisis , Glutatión/sangre , Malondialdehído/sangre , Superóxido Dismutasa/análisis , Animales , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/toxicidad , Doxorrubicina/toxicidad , Eutanasia Animal , Riñón/química , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/química , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the associations among depression, anxiety, aerobic exercise capacity, body fat percentage, sum of skinfolds, abdomen circumference, and waist to hip ratio on the basis of body mass index (BMI) in adults. METHODS: The subjects of the study were 60 obese participants (30 women, 30 men) with BMIs over 30 kg/m{2}and 60 healthy controls (30 women, 30 men) with BMIs of 18-25 kg/m{2}. Body fat percentage was calculated from the skinfold thicknesses using the formula. Body circumference measurements were performed using a tape measure. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO(2)max) was determined by Astrand submaximal exercise protocol. Two self-reported questionnaires, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), were administered to all participants. RESULTS: BMI, body fat percentage, sum of skinfolds, abdomen circumference, and waist to hip ratio were found to be higher in obese groups as compared to the controls, while VO(2)max (ml/kg/min) values were lower in both genders. In males, BAI scores and mild-level anxiety percentage values were higher in the obese group than in the control group. There was no significant difference for BDI scores and levels between the obese and control groups in both genders. There was also no significant difference in BAI scores and levels between the obese and control groups in women. CONCLUSION: The fact that physical fitness being found poor in obese shows the existence of a condition that might constitute an increased tendency for obesity-related disorders. In addition, it was suggested that, in Turkey, attitudes toward obesity change depending on gender.