The effects of high intensity-interval training on vaspin, adiponectin and leptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

AIM: We aimed to investigate the metabolic effects of HIIT exercise on PCOS patients and how it affects adiponectin, vaspin and leptin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty women with PCOS were included in the study and were divided into two groups. HIIT program was applied for 10 PCOS and Medium Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) program was applied for other 10 PCOS. At the beginning and at the end of the study, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride(TG), insulin, Adiponectin, Leptin, Vaspin levels of both PCOS groups were evaluated. RESULTS: When PCOS patients by performed HIIT exercise for 12 weeks, we found that the levels of leptin and vaspin did not change while adiponectin levels increased. Moreover serum levels of insulin, TG, total cholesterol, LDL-C decreased but levels of HDL-C increased. CONCLUSION: HIIT increased in the adiponectin levels in women with PCOS and provided more weight loss.

Impact of QRS morphology on heart rate turbulence and heart rate variability after cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: Impairment of heart rate turbulence (HRT) and heart rate variability (HRV) are associated with poor prognosis in chronic heart failure (CHF). Although previous studies have demonstrated that patients with a left bundle branch block (LBBB) have a better outcome with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), the effect of QRS morphology on HRV and HRT is not known. We aimed to evaluate the effect of QRS morphology on HRV and HRT after CRT implantation in patients with CHF. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who had been implanted a CRT device with cardioversion-defibrillation feature were included to the study. Forty-three patients with LBBB (group 1) were compared with 21 patients without LBBB (group 2). HRV and HRT parameters were compared before and one month after CRT implantation. RESULTS: We compared the echocardiographic and electrocardiographic changes in both groups after CRT. Cardiac output (CO) was found to be significantly much more increased in group 1 (1.1 ± 0.4 vs. 0.6 ± 0.4, p = 0.001). Similarly, except SDNN and LF, all HRT and HRV parameters were significantly changed in the patients with LBBB (TO 1.4 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.2, p = 0.001; TS -1.8 ± 0.7 vs. -0.9 ± 0.7, p = 0.001; RMSSD -15.7 ± 9.9 vs. -6.3 ± 6.2, p = 0.001; PNN50 -7.0 ± 4.6 vs. -1.7 ± 1.1, p = 0.001; HF -13.3 ± 6.7 vs. -4.3 ± 3.5, p = 0.001; LF/HF 1.9 ± 0.4 vs. 1.5 ± 0.2, p = 0.001) compared to those without LBBB. Lineer regression analysis showed that the CO (ß = 0.2, t = 2.8, p = 0.007) and QRS configuration (ß = 0.6, t = 0.5, p = 0.001) were independent parameters affecting TO. CONCLUSIONS: HRV and HRT are improved after CRT but these improvements are more remarkable in patients with LBBB. CO, QRS configuration (but not duration) were two independent parameters affecting TO, LF and LF/HF ratio after CRT.

The effects of heparin on DLD-1 colon cancer cell line.

BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer are frequently treated with anticoagulants, including heparin, to prevent or to treat the deep vein thrombosis. It has been indicated that heparin affects the survival of patients with cancer. Also, the apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of heparin on some cancers has been demonstrated. Experimental studies support the hypothesis that cancer progression can be influenced by heparin, but the results of these studies are not conclusive. OBJECTIVES: We planned to investigate the effects of different concentrations of heparin in the colon cancer cell line DLD-1. METHODS: This study was done by the addition of heparin in different doses into colon cancer cell line DLD-1 in vitro. After an incubation period of 72 hours, study and control groups were evaluated for viable cell count, percentage of proliferating index and apopitosis percentage. RESULTS: The result of the viable cell count in the second and third study groups (98.35+/-27.3, 97.23+/-39.38) were low compared to the control group. The results of the proliferative index of study groups (46.47+/-10.44, 47.23+/-12.03, 45.55+/-14.2) were higher than the control group (40.62+/-9.28). The results of apoptosis in study groups (14.35+/-1.93, 16.47+/-7.25, 13.56+/-5.66) were lower compared to the control group (22.17+/-15.9). But these results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Heparin has no significant anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, for clinical applications, more advanced studies are needed to examine the effect of heparin on colon cancer (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 25). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.

Changing diameters of cerebral vessels with age in human autopsy specimens: possible relationships to atherosclerotic changes.

AIMS/OBJECTIVES: It has been previously recognized that the anatomy of arterial bifurcations influences blood flow and has a significant role in the development of vascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study, we measured the average diameters of the internal carotid (ICA), anterior cerebral (ACA), and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) in autopsy cases. We also calculated the outflow to inflow area ratios for four distinct age groups and for each gender, using 33 adult autopsies and 7 fetuses. RESULTS: The area ratios decreased with age in both male and female samples. The decrease in the male (30%, p<0.05) was greater than the decrease for the female (17%, p > 0.05). The average diameter of the ACA, MCA and ICA of both female and male cases increased up to the 25-44 age group, decreased for the 45-64 age group, with a second increase above the age of 65. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in the area ratios and the pattern of changes of the dimensions of the cerebral vessels with age are useful to examine the causal relationships of these pathologic conditions and raises novel questions about age and gender differences in the structure of the intracranial vessels.

Association between mitral annular calcification and carotid atheroma.

Carotid artery atherosclerosis is a strong predictor of stroke and represents a potential source of cerebral emboli. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an association exists between mitral annular calcification and carotid atheroma. In addition, the characteristics of carotid atheromas were compared between patients with and without mitral annular calcification. The authors found that there was a significant association between the presence of mitral annular calcification and carotid atheroma. Mitral annular calcification in the elderly may be a form of atherosclerosis.

A case with severe rhabdomyolysis and renal failure associated with cerivastatin-gemfibrozil combination therapy--a case report.

Gemfibrozil-statin combination therapy is a well-known risk factor for myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Cerivastatin is a currently available statin with dual elimination; it is therefore expected to cause less drug-drug interaction. This case is the second reported case with severe rhabdomyolysis caused by cerivastatin-gemfibrozil combination. Moreover, in this case, the rhabdomyolysis was more severe and caused severe renal failure and death. The authors discuss how these drugs cause rhabdomyolysis and how rhabdomyolysis can cause renal failure.