RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly emerging field of computer science with a significant predicted impact in cardiothoracic surgery. We investigate the role of this tool in the preoperative planning, intraoperative assistance, and postoperative management of patients. We also describe the future applications in the field and provide an insight on the advancements we have made at our institution. METHODS: We assessed the literature in the Medline and Google Scholar databases that describe the use of artificial intelligence in thoracic, congenital, and adult cardiac surgery. All articles published until December 2023 were included in this review. RESULTS: AI is a technology gaining increasing application in cardiothoracic surgery. Using computer algorithms to assess large sets of data, specific outcomes of interest can be predicted with an accuracy better than skilled humans. With studies showing the validity and benefits of its use, AI has proven to be an effective tool in all phases of care of cardiothoracic patients. CONCLUSION: The integration of AI in cardiothoracic surgery represents a paradigm shift in clinical medicine. The transformative potential is evident in the ability to improve diagnosis and risk assessment, make personalized treatment plans, and aid in surgical decision making. While the results are undoubtedly promising, addressing ethical concerns and patient privacy is paramount to maintain a balance for success. As we navigate these challenges, the future of cardiothoracic surgery looks bright with more effective, efficient, and patient-centric practices on the horizon.
RESUMEN
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair has become the preferred modality of treatment of complicated type B aortic dissections. However, persistent pressurization of the false lumen can lead to negative aortic remodeling with aneurysmal dilation. Described herein is the coil embolization technique that can be used to manage this complication and a review of the literature on the recent development of management options.
Asunto(s)
Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica , Disección Aórtica , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Humanos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Aortografía/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/cirugía , Disección Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Disección Aórtica/cirugía , StentsRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery fistula is a rare anomaly of the coronary arteries which results from an abnormal connection between a coronary artery with a cardiac chamber or vessel. Coronary steal phenomenon can lead to functional ischemia of the myocardium. The condition has been described extensively, however, the modalities for diagnosing this condition continue to advance. METHODS: This review summarizes the approach to managing this uncommon condition. RESULTS: We discuss the various surgical options, including the technique involved in treating specific types of fistulas. CONCLUSION: We also review minimally-invasive options and trans-catheter closure along with indications for use of the different modalities.
