Percentile Reference Values for the Neck Circumference of Mexican Children.

Neck circumference was studied for the first time in a pediatric population in 2010. Since then, various countries have proposed cutoff values to identify overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, no reference values have been established for the Mexican child population. The aim of this study is to provide percentile reference values for the neck circumference of Mexican schoolchildren. Only normal-weight schoolchildren aged 6-11 years were included. Percentiles and growth charts were constructed based on the "Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale and Shape" (GAMLSS). A total of 1059 schoolchildren (52.9% female) was evaluated. Weight, height, and BMI values were higher for males; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The 50th percentile for females was 24.6 cm at six years old and 28.25 cm at 11 years old, and for males, it was 25.75 cm and 28.76 cm, respectively. Both males and females displayed a pronounced increase in neck circumference between 10 and 11 years of age. The greatest variability was found in the 11-year-old group, with an increase of 5.5 cm for males and 5.4 cm for females. This study presents the first reference values for neck circumference for a Mexican child population.

Neck and Wrist Circumferences as Indicators of Metabolic Alterations in the Pediatric Population: A Scoping Review.

Neck circumference (NC) and wrist circumference (WrC) have been proposed as practical and inexpensive tools with the capacity to indicate metabolic alterations to some extent. Nevertheless, their application in the pediatric population is relatively recent. Thus, the aim of this scoping review was to review and analyze the reported evidence regarding the correlation of NC and WrC with metabolic alterations in the pediatric stage. The literature search was performed in January 2021 in seven indexes and databases. A total of 26 articles published between 2011 and 2020 were included. Most significant results were grouped into three categories: serum lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and blood pressure. The parameter that showed the most significant results regardless of the anthropometric indicator analyzed for association was blood pressure. In contrast, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed non-significant associations along with conflicting results. We conclude that the use of NC and WrC, in addition to other well-established indicators, could facilitate the identification of metabolic alterations, specifically in plasma insulin and blood pressure. In fact, further studies are required to address the potential use of NC and WrC as predictors of early metabolic alterations, especially in countries with a fast-growing prevalence in obesity.

Neck circumference as an indicator of elevated central adiposity in children.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the correlation between neck circumference (NC) and anthropometric adiposity indicators, and to determine cut-off points of NC for both sexes to identify elevated central adiposity in schoolchildren in western Mexico. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Rural settings in western México.ParticipantsChildren from a convenience sample of six schools in Acatlán, Jalisco, Mexico (n 1802). RESULTS: NC showed a strong positive correlation with all anthropometric adiposity indicators in both sexes, which were notably higher in boys regardless of age. Noteworthy, waist circumference displayed the highest significant correlation when analysed by both age and sex. As age increased, NC cut-off points to identify elevated central adiposity ranged from 25·7 to 30·1 cm for girls and from 27·5 to 31·7 cm for boys. CONCLUSIONS: NC could be used as a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive indicator for central obesity assessment in Mexican schoolchildren.

Utilidad clínica de la ecoendoscopia digestiva en la evaluación de lesiones malignas gastrointestinales: reporte preliminar / Endoscopic ultrasound in gastrointestinal malignant lesions: report

La ecoendoscopia es un método importante en la estadificación tumoral de lesiones malignas del tracto gastrointestinal, sin embargo no hemos evaluado su utilidad clínica en nuestro departamento. Determinar la utilidad de ecoendoscopia en la evaluación de lesiones malignas del tracto gastrointestinal. Estudiamos retropectivamente 40 pacientes consecutivos entre mayo y octubre de 1998 a quienes se les practicó ecoendoscopia. Se excluyeron seis pacientes. Se analizaron 34 pacientes con información completa (18 hombres, 16 mujeres), edad promedio de 57 años. A 32 pacientes se les practicó un solo examen y a 2 pacientes dos exámenes. El diagnóstico final se obtuvo por cirugía convencional o endoscópica (n=15), PCRE con o sin esfinterotomía (n=7), histología (n=2) y seguimiento médico (n=10) promedio de tiempo 3,7 meses. Todos los pacientes tenían endoscopia digestiva superior y ultrasonido abdominal, 68 por ciento con TAC, 26 por ciento tenían PCRE y 6 por ciento colonoscopia. En 14 pacientes el diagnóstico inicial de cáncer era dudoso y en 20 se realizó estadiaje tumoral. La endoscopia en un buen método de estadiaje tumoral en lesiones malignas del tracto gastrointestinal en nuestra unidad. Algunas veces, la utilidad clínica final dependerá de la decisión del paciente y de recursos quirúrgicos disponible en le centro de referencia