Studies on tumourous and other urogenital patients with respect to antigens of oncogenic adenovirus.

The possible connection of viruses with tumours was investigated by serologic examinations. Concerning the presence of antibodies against adenoviruses, especially those against the early non-virion antigens of oncogenic adenovirus type 12, approximately 4000 tests were made with sera of 446 urogenital patients with and without tumours and 70 ones with internal diseases. It was found by complement fixation tests that antibodies against nonvirion antigens of adenoviruses were present in 53% of urogenital patients suffering from malignant tumours and prostatic hypertrophy, in 18% of non-tumourous urological patients and in 4% of patients with internal diseases, respectively. The results suggest that adenoviruses may play a role in tumourous diseases of the urogenital organs.

Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in the prostate by in-situ hybridization and by transmission electron microscopy.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection has been investigated in the prostate gland using in-situ DNA hybridization and transmission electron microscopy. Sixty-four samples of tissue removed by trans-urethral resection or by open surgery from men with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), were examined histologically and 20 of the cases were found to be positive for mononuclear cell infiltration. Some samples were then investigated using in-situ hybridization and transmission electron microscopy. Out of 20 tissue samples with mononuclear cell infiltration, nine were found to be positive for C. trachomatis infection.

Experiences on the surgical management of testicular torsion.

The authors performed operations in 9 patients at the Department of Urology of the István Hospital during the past 5 years. In 7 cases, detorsion and saving of the testicle was successful in possession of an early diagnosis. Two patients had to be castrated. In view of their results, authors draw attention to the necessity of establishing a rapid diagnosis and to the importance of an early surgical intervention.

Latent virus carrying lymphocytes of patients with urological tumours.

A considerable wealth of data suggest that a virus with oncogen character can play a part in the development or survival of tumours, by disturbing immune reaction. We studied this situation in urogenital tumours. Examining the latent virus carrier with an immunofluorescent method in 96 cases with malignant tumours and 70 control cases, it was found that more than 50% of the patients had latent adeno- or herpes simplex virus antigens in 1-3% of the circulating lymphocytes, whereas virus carriers occurred in hardly a few percent in the control group. Using a lymphocyte transformation test, the non-specific mitogen phytohaemagglutinin was able to transform only 10-50% of the lymphocytes of patients with malignant tumours into lymphoblast cells (the percentage also depending on the stage of the tumour). On the other hand, under the influence of phytohaemagglutinin 55-85% of the lymphocytes of the control group turned into lymphoblasts. The lymphocytes of the majority of patients with tumours became sensitive for specific adeno- and herpes simplex virus antigens, mainly the lymphocytes of those whose cells were virus carriers.

Immunological and virological studies of patients with tumours of the urogenital system.

The possible connections between the oncogenic viruses and the various tumours of the urogenital system were investigated. Examining the patients' cellular immune response by the lymphocyte transformation test, it was found that the non-specific immune response was considerably diminished in almost all cases, while response to adeno- and herpesvirus antigens was enhanced. Structural and functional impairment of T-lymphocytes frequently occurred. Antiviral humoral antibodies were present more rarely in cancer patients than in the controls. However, type 12 markedly oncogenic anti-adenovirus antibody was frequently found. Using the immunofluorescent method, adeno- and herpesviruses were found in more than 50% of the patients' malignant tumour cells. Electron microscopically, in some cases adeno-, herpes- and type C virus particles, too, were isolated in the tumour cells. According to these results besides other factors also adenoviruses may play a role in urogenital tumours.

Viral examinations in malignant tumours of the urogenital system.

Various tumours of the urogenital system were investigated to elucidate the virus-tumour link. Out of 105 tumours, virus antigens were found in 57 cases by the immunofluorescent method--mainly with serum raised against oncogenic adenovirus type 12. Virus antigens were also present in peripheral lymphocytes of several patients. Occasionally, adeno-, herpes- and C-type virus particles were revealed electron microscopically. Antiviral antibodies were often shown in the patient' sera and in higher titres especially against adenovirus type 12 early non-virion antigens. Herpesvirus antigens were found in 6 cases of 40 controls with hypertrophy of the prostate, and in 2 cases of 15 non-tumorous specimens.

Virological studies of malignant tumours of the urogenital system.

Tumours of the urogenital system were investigated to clarify an eventual virus-tumour connection. From 105 tumours virus antigens were found in 57 cases by immunofluorescent method, mainly with serum raised against the oncogenic type 12 adenovirus. Virus antigens were also present in peripheral lymphocytes of some patients. Occasionally electron microscopy revealed adeno-, herpes and C-type virus particles. In patient sera, antiviral antibodies were shown often and in high titre especially against adenovirus type 12 early non-virion antigens. Herpesvirus antigens were found in 6 cases among 40 prostate hypertrophy control patients, and in 2 among 15 non-tumourous specimens.

Study of antibodies to adenoviruses in patients with tumors of the urogenital system.

The presumable relationship between viruses and malignant disease has been studied. Approximately 4000 assays for antibodies to adenovirus were carried out with sera of patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases of the urogenital organs and other organic diseases. The search was directed in the first place at antibodies to the early non-virion antigens of adenovirus-12 of oncogenic properties. On the evidence of the complement fixation reaction antibodies to adenoviruses were found to be less frequent in malignant tumors and in hypertrophy of the prostate than in the control group. Antibody to the non-virion antigen of adenoviruses was found in 53 per cent of patients with neoplastic diseases and prostatic hypertrophy, in 18 per cent of patients with urogenital diseases other than tumors and in 4 per cent of those with other organic diseases. The results point to a possible role of adenoviruses in tumors of the urogenital organs.

[Acute suppurative kidney inflammation]. / Uber die akute eitrige Nierenentzündung.

In 12 years the authors treated 97 patients with suppurative nephritis in their Department. They performed 78 conservative operations and 19 nephrectomies. The symptomatology and diagnosis of the disease are briefly discussed. Attention iscalled to the importance of early diagnosis and the earliest possible surgical intervention. The dangers of unfounded antibiotic treatment and of chemotherapy are pointed out as these might mask the classical symptoms and render early diagnosis more difficult.

[Modified surgical solution to female urethral diverticulum]. / Modifizierte chirurgische Lösung des weiblichen Urethradivertikels.

Nine cases of female urethral diverticuli were successfully operated in the years between 1978 and 1980. The anatomic pathophysiology of female urethral diverticuli is discussed according to the currently accepted international and Hungarian terminology. A new modified surgical method is described and the possibilities opened by its adequate application are outlined. No postoperative urethrovaginal fistula has ever been observed. It is emphasized that the new surgical method can only be applied to large diverticuli with a narrow neck. In the interest of the patient co-operation between the urologist and gynaecologist is indispensable.

Measurement of total-body 40potassium in patients with urate calculi.

Fifty-eight patients with urate calculi and 31 patients with other (non-urate) calculi were examined for total-body potassium by means of a total-body counter. The patients with urate calculosis were found to differ significantly in their total-body K from patients with other calculi as well as from normal subjects. The results indicate that total-body potassium deficiency is one of the factors causing urate calculosis.

[Clinical studies of Magurlit granulates]. / Klinische Untersuchung des Magurlit-Granulates.

The possibilities of dissolving by means of medication uric acid and uric acid-calcium oxalate calculi are discussed. The biochemical causes of uric acid lithogenesis was studied. Due to successful pharmacotherapy the number of operations has greatly diminished in recent years. On the basis of experience gained with various citrate mixtures the authors claim that Magurlit is the most advantageous litholytic drug. Due to its magnesium and vitamin B6 content it is also suitable for the dissolution of uric acid calculi containing calcium oxalate in diffuse distribution, i.e. for the prevention of the development of stones of this type.

[Kidney hypoplasia and hypertension]. / Nierenhypoplasie und Hochdruck.

The basis of the examination is a clinical material of 14 years (from 1960 to 1973) of the urological clinic of the Medical University "Semmelweis", consisting of 160 patients with renal hypoplasia. In 116 of these cases a nephrectomy was performed. The average postoperative observation time was 7.8 years. By removal of the hypoplastic kidney the hypertension could be successfully influenced in 72% of the cases and in 16% moderately; in 12% of the patients the high blood pressure remained unchanged also after the intervention. On account of the recognition resulting from the examinations that by the hypoplastic kidney alone no increase of the blood pressure is caused, but the developmental anomaly forms a basis for the development of the hypertension, is emphasized that the early removal of this abnormally developed kidney is by all means indicated.

[Marginal nephrectomy for the removal of coral calculi]. / Marginale Nephrotomie zur Entfernung von Korallensteinen.

Efforts aimed at surgical solutions conserving the organs obtained importance also in renal surgery in recent years. This fact meant a milestone in the life of patients suffering from coral calculi, since it has been recommended to perform nephrectomy only in rare cases, and in the majority of cases young mothers were concerned. On the basis of the operation material comprising 12 cases--out of which some cases are described--the points of view of the marginal nephrectomy are discussed in detail. Among the modified techniques on the one hand the hairpin-shaped suture, on the other in the case of the local disease of the calyx system the marginal nephrectomy combined with wedge-shaped resection are explained, for the reduction of the danger of a recidivation of calculi an essential importance is ascribed to the last mentioned method.