Autophagy Activation by Resveratrol Reduces Severity of Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis.

SCOPE: Previous work reported that dietary supplementation with resveratrol lowers synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory and oxidative damage in an antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) model. Here, it is investigated whether resveratrol can regulate the abnormal synovial proliferation by inducing autophagy and controlling the associated inflammatory response. METHODS AND RESULTS: Animals treated with resveratrol 8 weeks before AIA induction show the highest significant signal for microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 by confocal microscopy. Besides, resveratrol significantly reduces p62 expression, but it does not increase the signal of beclin-1. Also, active caspase-3 expression, as well as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, is upregulated in the AIA group, and is significantly reduced in resveratrol-treated AIA group. Resveratrol also mitigates angiopoietin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor signals. Finally, resveratrol significantly reduces the serum levels of IL-1ß, C reactive protein, and prostaglandin E2, as well as nuclear factor κB synovial tissue expression, which shows a significant correlation with p62 expression. CONCLUSION: Dietary supplementation with resveratrol induces the noncanonical autophagy pathway and limits the cross-talk with inflammation, which in consequence modulates the synovial hyperplasia. Preventive strategies that incorporate dietary intervention with resveratrol may offer a potential therapeutic alternative to drugs to influence the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and influence its course.

Influencia de la ingesta de ácidos grasos omega-3, en la evolución de la inflamación presente en la artritis reumatoide / Influence of the intake of omega-3 fatty acids, in the evolution of the inflammation present in rheumatoid arthritis

Introducción: Debido a un mayor conocimiento de los mecanismos implicados en los procesos inflamatorios, en la actualidad en el ámbito de la artritis reumatoide hay un gran interés por conocer si el estilo de vida (dieta, y/o ejercicio físico) influye en el desarrollo de la enfermedad, ya que hay indicios de que la nutrición puede jugar un papel importante en la predisposición y/o resolución del proceso inflamatorio endicha patología. Objetivos:- Describir los efectos de los ácidos grasos omega-3 sobre la sintomatología presente en los pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Analizaremos si es posible influir sobre la inflamación, sólo suplementando con omega-3, o es necesario llevar a cabo otras acciones dietéticas. - Identificar cuáles son las variables de estudio más estudiadas/registradas cuando se suplementa con omega-3. - Identificar cuáles son las dosis de omega-3 más utilizadas, así como de dónde proceden los ácidos grasos que se suplementan. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica en 6 bases de datos (Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science (Wos), CINAHL, y SPORT Discus), en diciembre-enero de 2021. Los términos de búsqueda han sido: “arthritis rheumatoid o rheumatoid arthritis” y “fatty acids omega 3 o omega 3 fatty acids”. Se ha restringido la búsqueda a meta-análisis, revisión sistemática, revisiones, ensayo clínico, ensayo clínico controlado y/o aleatorizado. Estudios publicados en los últimos 5 años (2015-2020) realizados en humanos, y publicados en inglés o español. Resultados: Fueron obtenidos inicialmente 240 resultados. Se eliminaron 70 artículos por estar duplicados, y 120 artículos por no cumplir con los criterios de inclusión. Fueron leídos 50 artículos a texto completo, de los cuales finalmente fueron seleccionados 30 artículos. (AU)

Introduction: Due to a greater knowledge of the mechanisms involved in inflammatory processes, currently in the field of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) there is a great interest in knowing if the lifestyle (diet, and / or physical exercise) influences the development of the disease, since there are indications that nutrition may play an important role in the predisposition and / or resolution of the inflammatory process in said pathology. Objectives: - Explain the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the symptoms present in patients with RA. We will analyze whether it is possible to influence inflammation, only by supplementing with omega-3, or it is necessary to carry out other dietary actions. - Identify which are the most studied study variables when supplementing with omega-3. - Identify which are the most used omega-3 doses, as well as where the fatty acids that are supplemented come from. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in 6 databases (Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science (Wos), CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus), in December-January 2021. The search terms were: “arthritis rheumatoid or rheumatoid arthritis ”and“ fatty acids omega 3 or omega 3 fatty acids”. The search has been restricted to meta-analysis, systematic review, reviews, clinical trial, controlled and / or randomized clinical trial. Studies published in the last 5 years (2015-2020) carried out in humans, and published in English or Spanish. Results: 240 results were initially obtained. 70 articles were eliminated for being duplicates, and 120 articles for not meeting the inclusion criteria. 50 full-text articles were read, of which 30 articles were finally selected. (AU)