Electromyographic study of the arms in competitive karting senior category drivers / Estudio electromiográfico de los brazos en pilotos senior de karting de competición

The main goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess the muscular activity of the upper limbs in competitive kart drivers while driving in a closed karting circuit, using surface electromyography (EMGS). The most significant muscles of the upper limbs while driving were evaluated in thirteen drivers. Linear mixed models adjusted to a gamma distribution were used to evaluate differences in muscle activity based on the arm, number of laps, track characteristics, and kart type (with/without gears). Significant differences were found between muscle activity according to the type of kart (p <0.0001). Although changes were observed in the mean EMGS values, there were no significant differences between the laps of the circuit or the dominant arm. However, the results showed that there was a significant interaction between the type of kart and the dominant arm (p = 0.021). Muscle activity increased more significantly in the curves traced towards the dominant arms of the drivers (AU)

El objetivo del estudio transversal fue analizar la actividad muscular de las extremidades superiores en pilotos senior de karting de competición, mediante electromiografía de superficie (EMGS). Se evaluaron los músculos más significativos de las extremidades superiores durante la conducción en trece conductores. Se utilizaron modelos lineales mixtos ajustados a una distribución gamma para evaluar diferencias de actividad muscular en base al brazo, número de vueltas, características del trazado, y tipo de kart (con/sin marchas). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la actividad muscular según el tipo de kart (p<0,0001). Aunque se observaron cambios en los valores medios de EMGS, no hubo diferencias significativas entre las vueltas del circuito o el brazo dominante. Sin embargo, los resultados mostraron que hubo una interacción significativa entre el tipo de kart y el brazo dominante (p=0,021). La actividad muscular aumentó de manera más significativa en las curvas trazadas hacia el brazo dominante de los conductores (AU)

Dietary changes and food habits: social and clinical determinants in a cohort of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Barcelona (DAMA cohort).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of social determinants on changes in dietary habits before and after diagnosis of breast cancer in women (Barcelona, 2003-2013). METHODS: We performed a cohort study with 2,235 women diagnosed with breast cancer. The information was obtained from an ad hoc questionnaire based on recommendations from the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition. We conducted a descriptive bivariate analysis and fit logistic regression models. The dependent variable was the change in dietary habits (food groups) and the independent variables were a selection of social and clinical variables (age, social class, cohabitation, years since diagnosis, history of replaces, and treatment with chemotherapy). RESULTS: While 5.8% of women followed a healthy diet (consumption of vegetables, fruits, farinaceous, lean meat, and seafood) before diagnosis, 9.5% did so after diagnosis. We observed statistically significant changes in consumption of all food groups (p < 0.001) after diagnosis. The greatest change in consumption patterns was observed in women aged < 50 years and those from non-manual classes (high classes) [e.g., legume consumption: OR<50 years/>65 years = 2.9 (95% CI 1.78-4.81); ORnon-manual/manual = 2.5 (95% CI 1.38-4.36)]. The occurrence of relapses and chemotherapy was associated with greater changes in dietary habits. CONCLUSION: Women with breast cancer change their eating habits after diagnosis, and these changes are conditioned by social and clinical determinants.