RESUMEN
El suicido en adolescentes y jóvenes constituye un problema de salud mental pública que requiere el desarrollo de los correspondientes programas de intervención. Al respecto, se hizo un estudio de sistematización bibliográfica con enfoque cualitativo, empleando una estrategia de tipo PICO y los lineamientos básicos del modelo PRISMA. Se partió de la identificación de 237 artículos y luego de aplicar los diferentes filtros de selección se incluyeron 30 de estos. Los autores concluyeron que los programas de intervención en poblaciones con factores de riesgo y que se realizan en ambientes con mayor posibilidad de control, tales como: áreas de hospitalización y entornos escolares, incrementan sus probabilidades de efectividad en la disminución de la ideación y conducta suicida.
Suicide in adolescents and young people constitutes a public mental health problem that requires the development of the corresponding intervention programs. In this regard, a bibliographic systematization study was carried out with a qualitative approach, using a PICO-type strategy and the basic guidelines of the PRISMA model. It was started from the identification of 237 articles and after applying the different selection filters, 30 of these were included. The authors concluded that intervention programs in populations with risk factors and that are carried out in environments with a greater possibility of control (hospitalization areas and school environments) increase their probability of effectiveness in reducing suicidal ideation and behavior.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Suicidio , Adolescente , Ideación Suicida , Conducta , Salud Mental , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In previous studies, nitazoxanide has demonstrated a cytoprotective effect against rotavirus, reducing the duration of diarrhea in comparison to placebo. We designed a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in order to assess the effectiveness of nitazoxanide and probiotics in comparison with a control group. METHODS: Seventy-five children aged from 28 days to 24 months, with rotavirus diarrhea, were randomly assigned to receive either oral nitazoxanide (15 mg/kg/day) twice a day for three days, a combination of oral probiotics, 1 g twice a day for five days, or only oral or systemic rehydration solutions. The duration of diarrhea and of hospitalization were the primary outcome measures, and daily stool frequency, vomiting, and fever were some of the secondary outcome measures analyzed. RESULTS: The median duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter (p = 0.017) in patients who received nitazoxanide (81 h) and probiotics (72 h) compared to patients who received oral rehydration solution alone (108 h). Similarly, the median duration of diarrhea was significantly reduced (p = 0.009) in children who received nitazoxanide (54 h) and probiotics (48 h) compared to the control group (79 h). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with nitazoxanide and probiotics is effective in the management of children with acute rotavirus diarrhea. Small differences in favor of nitazoxanide were found in comparison with probiotics. Nitazoxanide is an important treatment option for rotavirus diarrhea.