OpzeluraTM (Ruxolitinib) Cream 1.5.

Ruxolitinib cream 1.5% was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011. Opzelura™ cream was introduced by Incyte Dermatology in 2021 for the short-term and non-continuous chronic treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis (AD) in non-immunocompromised patients aged ≥12 years, whose clinical manifestations are not controlled with prescribed topical therapies, such as topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, or topical phosphodiesterase-4 ( PDE4) inhibitors, or when such therapies are not advisable. Ruxolitinib is a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor that addresses inflammation in AD. It selectively inhibits JAK1 and JAK2, blocking JAK and activating signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), thereby interrupting the cytokine pathways responsible for cutaneous inflammation. The targeted downstream cytokines include Interleukin- 4 (IL-4), IL-13, IL-31, and cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), which play pivotal roles in the itching and inflammation experienced by AD patients. Ruxolitinib cream is directly applied as a thin layer over AD lesions twice daily up to 20% body surface area (BSA) using no more than 60 g per week. It can be used for up to 8 weeks on delicate or thin skin surfaces.

OtezlaTM (Apremilast 30-Mg Tablets).

OtezlaTM was first approved on March 21, 2014 for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis, on September 23, 2014 for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and on July 19, 2019 for the treatment of oral ulcers associated with Behcet's disease (BD). Apremilast is an inhibitor of phosphodi-esterase-4, an enzyme involved in the pathogenesis of several dermatologic conditions. This review explores the potential utility of apremilast in the treatment of other unapproved dermatologic indications.

A Review of the Risk of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy in Oral Medication.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) is a common food reaction resulting from the consumption of cow's milk protein (CMP). The clinical manifestations of CMA include mild to severe urticaria, skin-manifested hypersensitivity reactions, and anaphylaxis. Food allergies may affect 8% of children and 10% of adults. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) requires that the label of a food must declare the presence of a "major food allergen" (MFA) contained in the food or ingredient. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) generally regards milk protein concentrate (MPC) as safe for human consumption and use. The increasing use of MPC in formulations raises the need for its revelation in prescription and on labels of over-the-counter drugs. This review investigates oral and topical (including mucosal) preparations containing MPC for dermatologic and other uses and their therapeutic impact. Our findings suggest that for the adult population, the risk of serious cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) from medications is minimal.