Intensity of Oxidative Stress in Mongoloid and Caucasian Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Specific features of LPO were studied in Mongoloid and Caucasian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The intensity of LPO in Mongoloid patients was lower than in Caucasians: the level of primary and intermediate products was by lower 1.53 and 1.83 times, while total antioxidant activity was elevated by 1.44 times, which was also supported by oxidative stress coefficient (1.35 in Mongoloids and 2.32 in Caucasians). These differences suggest that differentiated approach is required for the treatment of these patients.

[The impact of arterial hypertension in children on dental decay activity].

One hundred and ninety-five children aged 8 to 13 years, of which 113 are diagnosed with essential arterial hypertension (EAH), and 82 children from the control group without somatic diseases including EAH were examined. All children underwent dental examination. The values of the substrates and the primary products of lipid peroxidation (LPO)--double bond (DB) and diene conjugates (DC) were determined. The index of caries intensity exceeded the similar indicator in comparison with the control group of children with EAH. The intensity of the oxidation of substrates of LPO in patients with EAH compared with healthy children was also higher. The article discusses the index of low value of DB in patients with 1st stage of caries in combination with EAH, as a potential negative factor limiting the generation of biologically active compounds in systemic blood flow involved in the prevention of caries process.

[The values of lactate, pyruvate and their ratio in patients with diabetes mellitus type I.]

The article presents data concerning assessment of content of such components of carbohydrate metabolism as lactate and pyruvate and their ration in patients with diabetes mellitus type I, representatives of Mongoloids and Caucasians. The decreased concentration of the given metabolites in mongoloids is established. The intensive cumulation of lactate and ration lactate/pyruvate in Caucasians can promote development of hypoxemic occurrences and as a result decrease course and prognosis of disease. The given differences require differentiated approach to tactics of treatment of the mentioned category of patients.

LPO-Antioxidant Defense System in Newborns and Women Drinking Small Amounts of Alcohol During Pregnancy.

We studied the effects of consumption of low-alcohol drinks (no more than 2 doses) during pregnancy on the state of LPO-antioxidant defense system and glutathione level in the blood serum and erythrocytes of pregnant women and newborns. It was found that even single alcohol intake was followed by the development of oxidative stress in women and newborns. In pregnant women, the decrease in reduced glutathione content and glutathione reductase activity associated with increased level of oxidized glutathione and glutathione transferase activity were typical changes. In newborns, the decrease in reduced glutathione concentration was accompanied by a decrease in glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase, and glutathione peroxidase activities. It should be emphasized that even small alcohol doses produce delayed negative effects on metabolism of the mother and newborns.

[Hydrogen Sulfide as a Third Essential Gas Molecule in Living Tissues].

The data offoreign studies over the last 15 years devoted to endogenous synthesis and biological role of hydrogen sulfide in micromolar quantities which complemented the already two well-known gas transmitters - OH and NO are presented in this review. Despite the short period since the physiological properties of hydrogen sulfide were opened (about 20 years) it was found that this gas transmitter plays a key role in the regulation of nerve (neural signal transmission), cardiovascular (relaxation of smooth muscles), immune (antinflammatory and cytoprotective agent) sensory, gastrointestinal (output of insulin) systems and in the metabolism of various organs. Currently the role of H2S in the pathogenesis of different diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, heart failure) is being studying. The developments of drugs that act as either exogenous donors H2S or blockers of the biosynthesis of H2S are promising. With consideration the fact that H2S is a representative of non-synaptic way of intercellular communication based on diffusion of molecules of inorganic compounds in the intercellular space in all directions and effect on distant from their place offormation non- synaptic receptors it is suggested to use exogenous H2S in strict proportion for the treatment of a number of human diseases.

Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Defense System during Toxic Liver Damage and Its Correction with a Nanocomposite [corrected] Substance Containing Selenium and Arabinogalactan.

Experiments on rat model of toxic liver damage (CCl4, subcutaneously) have demonstrated that selenium nanopreparation on arabinogalactan matrix and partially arabinogalactan alone prevented the development of oxidative stress assessed by the balance of LPO and antioxidant defense processes.

Redox status as a metabolic stage, integrating emotional pattern and blood pressure in adolescents.

Investigation of emotional sphere and LPO processes in adolescents of both sexes aged 14-17 years suffering from essential hypertension revealed pronounced changes in the emotional status associated with dysregulation in the LPO-antioxidant protection system. The emotional sphere in adolescents with hypertension was characterized by increased anxiety in combination with emotional lability, tendency to depression, and aggressive reactions. The most meaningful parameters describing significant differences between the groups of healthy and hypertensive patients in parameters of LPO-antioxidant protection system were fatty acids with double bonds, antioxidant activity, and retinol. Statistically significant opposite correlations between the emotional status parameters and components of LPO-antioxidant protection system were revealed.

Metabolic role of lipid peroxidation processes and antioxidant defense system in the pathogenesis of hypothalamic syndrome.

LPO processes and blood antioxidant status were studied in reproductive-age women with the hypothalamic syndrome. The control group consisted of somatically healthy women without reproductive disorders. Female patients with the hypothalamic syndrome were characterized by an imbalance in the LPO-antioxidant defense system, which aggravated the course of the underlying disease.

Antioxidant potential of the blood in men with obstructive sleep breathing disorders.

We studied the state of the LPO-antioxidant defense system in men aged from 46 to 55 years. The main group included patients with obstructive sleep breathing disorders. The state of the antioxidant defense system was assessed by measuring the blood levels of LPO substrates with conjugated double bonds, conjugated dienes, ketodienes and conjugated trienes, MDA, retinol, α-tocopherol, reduced and oxidized glutathione, SOD activity, and the level of total antioxidant activity of blood. Calculation of antioxidant potential helps to identify the processes of "oxidative stress" in the main group, which is a pathogenetic substantiation for including antioxidant drugs in the complex therapy of patients with OSBD.