[The effect of blood platelet freezing on their antigen activity]. / Vliv zmrazování krevních desticek na aktivitu jejich antigenu.

The authors investigated the effect of freezing of platelets after addition of various cryoprotective substances (glycerol, dimethyl sulphoxide and hydroxyethyl starch) on the preservation of some antigenic properties of these blood cells. It was revealed that during freezing of platelets in 5% glycerol and 4% hydroxyethyl starch no change of the specific antigen Kob and of HLA antigens occurred. Freezing in dimethylsulphoxide, however, weakened the activity of some antigens; usually this applied to antigen Kob, in HLA antigens it was rather an exception. From the results ensues, however, that in the transfusion practice it is important to foresee even in transfusions of cryopreserved platelets possible alloimmunization.

[Advantages of autotransfusion]. / Prednost mají autotransfúze.

UNLABELLED: Autotransfusions have a period of renaissance. ADVANTAGES: the risk of transmission of infectious diseases (hepatitis, malaria, lues, AIDS etc.) is eliminated; there is no danger of isosensitization; autologous blood ensures a better oxygen transfer and higher activity of coagulation factors; pretransfusion examinations are eliminated; there is no need to postpone the operation for shortage of blood; the consumption of homologous blood is reduced; economy; religious objections against transfusion of homologous blood are eliminated. The authors know of no disadvantages. Blood for autotransfusion was collected from 130 patients before a planned operation, 11 times two consecutive blood collections were made. No complication threatening the patient's health was encountered.

[HLA compatibility and survival of 51 chromium-labeled allogeneic thrombocytes]. / HLA-Komp]atibilität und Uberlebenszeit von 51Cr-markierten allogenen Thrombozyten.

In 37 patients with thrombocytopenia (mostly with ITP) the survival time of 51Cr-labeled allogeneic platelets was investigated. The HLA antigens were typed in donors and recipients and the presence of HLA cytotoxins and specific thrombocyte antibodies in sera of patients were examined. In 7 cases the identity of 2 HLA antigens, in 15 cases that of 1 HLA antigen and in 15 cases the HLA incompatibility between donor and patient were found. The survival of platelets did not depend on the degree of HLA compatibility, unless the HLA cytotoxins in sera of patients appeared. The HLA, as well the specific platelet antibodies brought about the shortened platelet survival to 1 day and less. The importance of these observations for platelet kinetics is discussed.

[About the elimination of thromboagglutinins from anti-lymphocytic serum (author's transl)]. / Zur Frage der Elimination von Thromboagglutininen aus dem antilymphozytären Serum.

The possible utilization of the effect of immunological tolerance for inhibition of formation of thromboagglutinins was studied, which dependent of the kind of antigen employed for immunization more or less contaminate antilymphocyte sera (ALS) or globulins (ALG). In the sera of pigs weighing 80-90 kg, immunized with human thrombocytes the thromboagglutinin levels in a) animals tolerated in adult age with an i.v. dose of 2.2 X 10(9) thrombocytes though the complete inhibition of thromboagglutinin formation failed even in these conditions. The attempted induction of tolerance in adult animals, similarly as in newborn piglets obtaining a dose of 1 X 10(9) thrombocytes, was of little success. Good results were recorded in animals tolerated in the perinatal period with a dose of 5 X 10(9) thrombocytes though the complete inhibition of thromboagglutinin formation failed even in these conditions. The authors suggest that of all possible methods for thromboagglutinin elimination, for ALS production the above technique, i.e. the induction of tolerance during the perinatal period seems most feasible, both from the viewpoint of effectiveness and thrombocyte consumption as well.