Lymphocytic thyroiditis in beagle dogs in a breeding colony: histological findings.

During the 18-year (1974-1991) period the lymphocytic thyroiditis was found in 8% of 2238 animals from a Beagle dog breeding colony (8.5% of 1079 males and 7.6% of 1159 females). The thyroid glands of affected animals were on average heavier by 10.4% in males and by 21.0% in females. In the histological picture the interstitial lymphocytic infiltrations of various ranges accompanied by varying degree of follicular damage prevailed. The earliest findings of this lesion were revealed in 9-month old animals.

[Human sparganosis]. / Lidská sparganóza.

Endemic subcutaneous sparganosis was described in right pectoral region of a 29-year-old male Vietnamese. It was caused by 2nd larval stadium (plerocercoid, sparganum) of a tapeworm Spirometra mansoni. Lesion was discovered during the patient's 2nd month in this country, surgery was made 7 months later. Description is the first in Czech Republic.

Comparability of results of postnatal and long-term tests for carcinogenicity.

A method of testing postnatal carcinogenicity in rats was elaborated. The substances to be tested were administered from the 1st day after birth to the 5th, 10th and 20th days of age. The subsequent supply of a substance in diet from weaning (28th day of age) up to the end of the first year of survival was an optimal combination. A total of 12 substances were tested by this method. For all substances it was possible to provide a comparison with the results of long-term studies. For nine substances carcinogenicity was demonstrated in both tests, out of them in eight cases in identical organ systems. In three cases no carcinogenicity was ascertained in the postnatal study, in two compounds identical negative results were obtained by the two approaches. In one case (the cytostatic TS-160) development of sarcomas was found at the site of subcutaneous administration in the long-term study, and this effect was not observed in the postnatal study. Results identical for the two methods (carcinogenic or noncarcinogenic) were achieved in 11 substances, i.e. 91.7%. In addition, in 10 compounds, for which carcinogenicity was demonstrated either in the postnatal study or in the long-term study, the occurrence of tumors was found in identical organ systems after 8 compounds which is an 80% agreement. In mice, this identity of organs was demonstrated only in 62.5% of the compounds tested. The present results demonstrated that the use of postnatal carcinogenicity test in rats offers the determination of possible carcinogenic effect of the compound tested with a high probability, under economically more advantageous conditions, and with almost the same qualitative results as with the use of the long-term tests for carcinogenicity.

Postnatal carcinogenic study of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in rats.

The outbred SPF rats of the Ripb: Wist stock were applied subcutaneously 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMHD) at a concentration of 0.036% and 0.144% from the first day of age after the birth. In nine experimental groups DMHD was administered for first 5, 10, 15 and 20 days of age after the birth at total doses of 0.36 to 2.16 mg. With the highest applied dose, all animals died during the treatment, further deaths were recorded in groups in which DMHD was administered for first 5 to 10 days. The maximum length of survival was one year. The conclusion of the study was achieved only by the control animals and by 36.6% of males and 13.8% of females of the experimental group. From the 24th week of age, hepatic and renal tumors were detected in rats. In the liver hepatocellular carcinomas and benign hepatomas occurred, and were found in all groups which had been applied DMHD, furthermore cholangiomas, mostly in the groups which had been applied DMHD up to the age of 15 days and cavernomas in the groups which had been applied DMHD up to the age of 20 days. Practically in all rats which had been administered DMHD focal preneoplastic hyperplasia of liver cells was detected. In the kidney always a mixed malignant mesenchymal tumor was found in all animals of the groups treated up to age of 15 days.

[The eosinophil composition during the manifestations of early syphilis]. / Prímes eosinofilu v projevech casné prijíce.

Histology of ulcus durum with regional simple lymphadenitis and of condyloma latum was presented. Inflammatory lymphoplasmocytic infiltration included eosinophilic leukocytes in both cases. Syphilitic granulomatous lymphadenitis with conspicuous productive perilymphadenitis has been lasting about 1 month. Treponemas in histological section were found only in condyloma latum.

Postnatal carcinogenic study of dimethylnitrosamine in rats.

Wist: Han/Pce SPF strain rats were administered dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) in 0.04% concentration since the first day after birth. Total dose of 0.2 mg per infant rat was administered on 1st to 5th day of life, 0.4 mg/infant rat on 1st to 10th day and 0.5 mg on 1st to 20th day of life. Maximum survival time was one year. Both higher DMNA doses were already toxic the effect manifesting itself by increased mortality of the infant rats (liver hemorrhages, bleeding into the intestinal lumen) and reduced weight increment. Hepatic and renal tumors were detected in the rats beginning with their 19th week of life. In the liver they were hepatocellular carcinomas, to a lesser extent also cholangiomas and cavernomas. Further, increased incidence of preneoplastic nodular hyperplasia and benign hepatomas was demonstrated. In the kidney it was always the case of mixed mesenchymal tumor. Comparison of the results of postnatal study with a long-term carcinogenic DMNA study is discussed and possible reasons of different localization and characteristics of tumors dependent on DMNA administered were demonstrated.

[Larval toxocariasis in a 40-year-old man with detection of larvae in a liver biopsy]. / Larvální toxokaróza u 40letého muze s prukazem larvy v biopsii jater.

A 40-year old cattle feeder has been suffering from indigestion, leukocytosis and conspicuous eosinophilia for about 4 years. A sample of liver tissue was taken during gastrectomy and multiple allergic granulomas rich in eosinophilia leukocytes were found. Toxocara canis was identified in serial sections outside the granulomas. Larval toxocariasis was confirmed by a high level of specific antibodies which failed to decrease even after administration of Mintezol antithelmintic. In this country, there was serological proof of 287 cases of larval toxocariasis till July 1982. This is the first finding of Toxocara larvae in liver biopsy published in Czechoslovak literature. Another finding of liver Toxocara larvae was made in a 86-year old woman included among 4 cases of allergic granulomatosis of the liver published before.

[Parvovirus enteritis and myocarditis in a confined colony of beagles. (The 1st detection of parvovirus infection in Czechoslovakia]. / Parvovirová enteritida a myokarditida v uzavrené kolonii psu beaglu. (Prvé zjistení parvovirové infekce na území CSSR).

A description of the findings in a parvoviral epizooty, having occurred in a confined colony of 250 Beagle dogs in the autum and winter 1979-1980 and in 1981, is presented. 5 of the four month-old and older dogs perished in the course of an enteritic form of infection; 5 puppies, younger than 3 months, belonging to a group of 12 puppies derived from two infected litters, died in consequence of a parvoviral myocarditis. The simultaneous occurrence of myocarditis and enteritis was observed in a 9 day-old puppy. Among the seven remaining animals, two dogs were sacrificed at the ages of 18 and 23 months, respectively. Scars were found in the wall of the left ventricle of both of them. Parvoviral enteritis preceded the occurrence of parvoviral myocarditis. Characteristic intramuscular inclusions were demonstrated both in the enterocytes and in the myocardial cells. Electronmicroscopically particles of the size of the parvoviruses could be demonstrated in the nuclei of the myocardial cells, on one hand, and regressive changes of the nuclear components observed on the other hand.

Carcinogenicity of trichloromethine hydrochloride (TS-160 Spofa) and morphological damage after its intraamniotic injection.

The cytostatic TS-160 (trichloromethine hydrochloride, tris-/2-chloroethyl/amine hydrochloride) was injected subcutaneously into SPF Wistar rats of both sexes. After all doses used, spindle-cell or even polymorphocellular sarcomas developes at the injection sites in both sexes: after the dose of 0.1 mg/kg daily for 6 months, in 70%; after 0.25 mg/kg, in 79%; and after 1.0 mg/kg weekly for 6 months, in 45% of the rats. Besides, in 21% of the rats receiving the dosage of 0.25 mg/kg mucus-secreting intestinal adenocarcinomas were found. A relationship was apparent between the incidence figures of subcutaneous tumors on the one hand and the daily injection of the low dose versus the intermittent injection of the dose higher by a decimal order on the other hand. In a concurrent test, TS-160 was given to rats in intraamniotic injection on day 18 of pregnancy in doses of 1, 2.5, and 5 micrograms per embryo. On the first postnatal days, in the affected young rats there were observed morphogenetic disturbances: splanchnocrania and juvenile hair alopecia. These changes became repaired in the further course of postnatal development.

[Tuberculosis in patients deceased of renal insufficiency in a long-term hemodialysis program]. / Tuberkulóza u zemrelých s renální insuficiencí v dlouhodobém hemodialyzacním programu.

Eight cases of tuberculosis were seen in a series of patients dying of renal insufficiency after having been subjected to a long-term haemodialysis. In 5 cases Mycobacterium tuberculosis was successfully cultivated (4 were typed as human, 1 as bovine). In 5 cases the disease affected mainly the lymph nodes, not the lungs. In 3 of these a prevalence of abscessing specific granulomas with the presence of leucocytes was noted on microscopical examination. The findings have been regarded as possibly related to an impairment of cellular (lymphocytic) immunity, presumably caused by chronic uraemia or long-term haemodialysis.

Cytomegalovirus infections in the human population.

Diagnostic and clinical experience gained in the period from 1966--1977 is summarized. Cytomegalovirus was isolated from 35 sucklings and 5 infants aged more than 1 year as well as from necropsy materials from 10 sucklings. The most frequently involved were the respiratory tract (77.8%), liver (53.5%) and haematopoetic apparatus (42.2%). Congenital defects were found in 22.2%. The incidence in the population varied from 20% in sucklings to 50--60% in persons aged over 40 years. The incidence of infection was higher in sucklings and infants in nurseries. Out of 37 adult patients with kidney transplantation, the virus was isolated from 10 (27%) and complement-fixing antibodies were found in 34 (91%) patients.

[The ciliated epithelium in the efferent ducts of the submandibular gland]. / Rasinkový epitel ve vývodech podcelistní slinnézlázy.

The examination of 442 bioptic and necroptic submandibular salivary glands revealed that in cases of chronic inflamation of the gland (125 cases) the epithelial lining of its ducts contained ciliated colummar epithelium in 57% of cases. The finding of ciliated epithelium was associated with lithiasis of the gland in nearly 79% of cases. Normal submandibular glands or glands affected with pathological conditions other than chronic inflammation did not contain ciliated epithelium. The present paper is the first one in the literature purposedly dealing with the presence of ciliated epithelium within the ducts of the submandibular gland.