RESUMEN
A method for determination of threshold and maximal noneffective concentrations in atmospheric air based on individual diagnostic characteristic of organism status is suggested. Comparative analysis of the main toxicometric parameters determined with the help of individual functional indices is made.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica , Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Sustancias Peligrosas , Animales , Masculino , RatasRESUMEN
Criteria for the organism status arrangement in terms of environmental effects expression from adaptation to its break-down were worked up. The criteria may be used in developing of the hygienic standardization of environmental effects.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos/toxicidad , Anhídridos/toxicidad , Monóxido de Carbono/toxicidad , Estado de Salud , Hidrocarburos/toxicidad , Modelos Biológicos , Óxido Nitroso/toxicidad , Toxicología/normas , Anhídridos/administración & dosificación , Anhídridos/normas , Animales , Cámaras de Exposición Atmosférica , Monóxido de Carbono/administración & dosificación , Monóxido de Carbono/normas , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Hidrocarburos/administración & dosificación , Hidrocarburos/normas , Masculino , Concentración Máxima Admisible , Óxido Nitroso/administración & dosificación , Óxido Nitroso/normas , RatasAsunto(s)
Butadienos/toxicidad , Cloropreno/toxicidad , Galactosidasas/metabolismo , Metales/toxicidad , Semen/enzimología , Testículo/enzimología , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Contaminantes del Agua/toxicidad , beta-Galactosidasa/metabolismo , Animales , Cloropreno/administración & dosificación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Metales/administración & dosificación , RatasRESUMEN
An acute toxicological experiment on rats has been performed. During 30 days the animals got nitrates with water and vegetable food. The activity of glucoso-6-phosphatase, malate dehydrogenase, beta-galactosidase, the content of N-acetylneuraminic acid was determined in liver, kidney and blood serum; the level of methemoglobin in blood was estimated. It was found that the changes of studied indexes are less expressed during nitrate introduction with food than with water; on the level of minimum concentrations the changes in non-specific symptom-complex were more expressed. The maximum innocuous intake of nitrates with vegetables is 500 mg in 24 hours taking into consideration the average weight of an individual (50 kg).
Asunto(s)
Contaminación de Alimentos , Nitratos/toxicidad , Verduras/toxicidad , Animales , Femenino , Glucosa-6-Fosfatasa/metabolismo , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/enzimología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/enzimología , Malato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Metahemoglobinemia/sangre , Nitratos/farmacocinética , Ratas , Factores de Tiempo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , beta-Galactosidasa/metabolismoAsunto(s)
Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Ciclofosfamida/toxicidad , Microsomas Hepáticos/enzimología , Oxigenasas de Función Mixta/biosíntesis , Animales , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/biosíntesis , Grupo Citocromo b/biosíntesis , Citocromos b5 , Inducción Enzimática , Femenino , Fenobarbital/farmacología , RatasRESUMEN
The effect of phenobarbital (PB, 2 and 80 mg/kg, 3 intraperitoneal injections) on the rate of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells of rats induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CP) in a dose of 25 mg/kg was studied. Activity of mixed function oxygenase (MFO) was evaluated from the content of cytochrome P450, b5 and activity of aniline hydroxylase. The rate of the cells with chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow after combined action of PB and CP did not depend on the PB dose and was significantly higher as compared with CP action alone. After injection of 2 mg/kg, PB activity of MFO did not differ from that in control and increased 2 times after 80 mg/kg. Combined action of PB and CP did not induce any significant changes in activity of MFO compared with PB alone.