2-year survival estimation for decompensated cirrhosis patients of prognostic scoring systems.

OBJECTIVE: Prognostic models proposed for cirrhotic patients' survival have not been satisfactorily investigated in the Vietnam population, especially in the medium-term period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, we enrolled a total of 904 patients admitted to Hepato-Gastroenterology Center, Bach Mai Hospital from December 2019 to November 2021 and calculated their CP, MELD, MELD-Na score, IMELD, Refit MELD, and Refit MELD-Na after 2-year follow-up to compare their survival prognosis. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 53.8 ±10.8 years, and males constituted 91%. Compared with the surviving group, deceased patients had statistically significant lower albumin, higher INR, serum bilirubin, and creatinine levels with higher means of all prognostic scores. RefitMELD score had the highest AUC (0.768), followed by MELD (0.766), and the lowest belonged to RefitMELDNa (0.669). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, deceased patients had significantly higher values of Child-Pugh score and all MELD-based scores than survival. RefitMELD is the most reliable scoring system to predict 2-year mortality in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.

Cross-dehydrogenative coupling of coumarins with Csp3-H bonds using an iron-organic framework as a productive heterogeneous catalyst.

The iron-organic framework VNU-20 was utilized as an active heterogeneous catalyst for the cross-dehydrogenative coupling of coumarins with Csp3-H bonds in alkylbenzenes, cyclohexanes, ethers, and formamides. The combination of DTBP as the oxidant and DABCO as the additive led to high yields of coumarin derivatives. The VNU-20 was more active towards this reaction than numerous other homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysis was confirmed for the cross-dehydrogenative coupling transformation utilizing the VNU-20 catalyst, and the contribution of active iron species in the liquid phase was insignificant. The iron-based framework was reutilized many times for the functionalization of coumarins without a remarkable decline in catalytic efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, these reactions of coumarins have not previously been conducted using heterogeneous catalysts.

Copper-catalyzed domino sequences: a new route to pyrido-fused quinazolinones from 2'-haloacetophenones and 2-aminopyridines.

A new pathway to access pyrido-fused quinazolinones via a Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed domino sequential transformation between 2'-haloacetophenones and 2-aminopyridines was demonstrated. The solvent and base exhibited a remarkable effect on the transformation, in which the combination of DMSO and NaOAc emerged as the best system. Cu(OAc)2·H2O was more active towards the reaction than numerous other catalysts. This methodology is new and would be complementary to previous protocols for the synthesis of pyrido-fused quinazolinones.

Cultural barriers between obstetrician-gynecologists and Vietnamese/Chinese immigrant women.

In the latter part of the 20th century, Asian immigration has exploded. The two main groups, Chinese and Vietnamese, share many cultural views. Confucianism, Taoism, and spiritualism play an important role in the Chinese and Vietnamese psyches and influence deeply their beliefs of health, disease, birth, and death. Before the introduction of Western medicine, both countries relied heavily on the Taoist model of health and disease. That is, disease is disharmony in the body and herbal medicines are used to restore that balance. Since the introduction of Western medicine, the two countries have adopted a crisis-oriented system of care in which, except for vaccinations, preventive medicine is virtually ignored. The Confucian beliefs of privacy and female modesty have made the field of obstetrics and gynecology particularly susceptible to noncommunication and misunderstandings, while traditional beliefs in Taoist medicine may delay or interfere with Western health care.