[Clinical analysis of 5 adult laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma].

Objective:To explore the clinical manifestations,the type of pathology, treatment and prognosis of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma, and to enhance the understanding of the clinical characteristics of the disease, while improving the diagnosis rateand reducing the misdiagnosis rate, in order to explore effective diagnosis and treatment methods. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 5 cases of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2015 to May 2021. Results:All 5 cases of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma were misdiagnosed in the early stage. with tumors mostly occurring in the vocal cords and appearing as smooth mass. The clinical symptoms were mostly hoarseness. According to pathological classification, three cases were embryonic type, one case was polymorphic type, and one case was spindle type.Three patients died due to tumor recurrence, one patient had multiple systemic metastases, and another patient who underwent surgical resection in the early stage and supplemented with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapyhas been followed up to date without recurrence. Conclusion:Laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma has low incidence rate, high malignancy degree and poor prognosis. It is easy to be misdiagnosed as a benign mass. Extensive surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be performed as soon as possible after diagnosis.

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZZUi034-A) from a 65 year old Chinese female donor with sendai virus reprogramming protocol.

Peripheral blood was extracted from a 65 year old Chinese female health donor. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) were reprogrammed with the 4 reprogramming factors: Klf-4, c-Myc, Oct-4, Sox-2, using sendai virus reprogramming protocol. The iPSC line showed pluripotency which was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining; the iPSC line was also able to form embryoid bodies in vitro and differentiate into the 3 germ layers in vivo. The iPSC line also showed normal karyotype. This healthy iPSC line can be served as healthy control for disease mechanism and disease modeling study.

Generation of a heterozygous FUS-Q290X knock in human embryonic stem cell line (WAe009-A-83) using CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) gene encodes FUS RNA binding protein, a multifunctional protein component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex, which is involved in pre-mRNA splicing and the export of fully processed mRNA to the cytoplasm, and it has been implicated in regulation of gene expression, maintenance of genomic integrity and mRNA/microRNA processing. FUS gene mutations result in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Liposarcoma. This heterozygous FUS-Q290X knock in hESC line will be a valuable tool to investigate the disease mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Liposarcoma.

Circular RNA ITCH attenuates the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inducing PTEN upregulation via miR-214.

BACKGROUND: Circular RNA itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (circ-ITCH) has previously been reported to play a key role in carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, the role of circ-ITCH in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains to be explored. METHODS: Gene expression analysis was performed using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The role of circ-ITCH in NPC was explored using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, colony formation, transwell invasion, scratch healing and xenograft tumor assays. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay was carried out to assess the interactions among circ-ITCH, microRNA-214 (miR-214) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). RESULTS: The levels of circ-ITCH and PTEN were decreased, whereas the level of miR-214 was increased in NPC tissues collected from 28 subjects compared to normal nasopharynx tissues collected from 15 subjects. Moreover, a negative correlation between circ-ITCH and miR-214 expression and a positive correlation between circ-ITCH and PTEN expression were observed in NPC tissues. Downregulation of circ-ITCH expression was also observed in NPC cell lines. In addition, upregulation of circ-ITCH markedly inhibited NPC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, circ-ITCH was confirmed to exert its function by sponging miR-214. PTEN was found to be a direct target gene of miR-214 and its expression was negatively correlated with miR-214 expression in NPC tissues. Moreover, our results showed that the circ-ITCH/miR-214 axis regulated NPC proliferation, migration and invasion through regulating the expression of PTEN. Upregulation of circ-ITCH or PTEN blocked miR-214-mediated promotion of NPC tumorigenesis in vitro. Additionally, upregulation of circ-ITCH also suppressed NPC tumorigenesis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that circ-ITCH suppressed NPC tumorigenesis by upregulating PTEN expression through interacting with miR-214, thus proposing a novel mechanism for NPC inhibition.

Treatment effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy after surgery and its effect on postoperative swallowing function of patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To study the treatment effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) after surgery and its effect on postoperative swallowing function of patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: The clinical data of 84 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 42 cases in each group. After both groups of patients were treated with radical neck dissection, the control group received adjuvant radiotherapy while the experimental group received CCRT. RESULTS: The Burke score in the experimental group after treatment was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.001). The objective remission rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.05). The jitter and shimmer in the experimental group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05). The quality of life scores of patients in the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (p<0.001), and the quality of life score in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.001). And the incidence of gastrointestinal reactions and neutropenia in the experimental group after treatment was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). The 3-year cumulative survival rate after surgery in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: CCRT after surgery can effectively improve the swallowing function of patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma, which is worthy of promotion and application.

Downregulated long non-coding RNA SNHG7 restricts proliferation and boosts apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by elevating microRNA-140-5p to suppress GLI3 expression.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed to correlate with various carcinomas, yet the role of lncRNA SNHG7 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is hardly studied. This study intends to examine the molecular mechanism of SNHG7 on NPC cells. The NPC tissues and nasopharyngeal tissues of mild inflammation of nasopharyngeal mucosa were obtained. SNHG7, miR-140-5p, and GLI3 mRNA and protein expression in tissues and in the CNE1, HONE1, C666-1, CNE2, and normal NP69 cell lines was detected. IC50 and the protein expression of related drug-resistant genes of CNE2 and CNE2/DDP cells were determined. Proliferative ability, cell colony formation rate, cell cycle, and apoptosis of CNE2 and CNE2/DDP cells were also detected. SNHG7, miR-140-5p, and GLI3 mRNA and protein expression in CNE2 and CNE2/DDP cells in each group was detected. SNHG7's cell localization, the binding sites of SNHG7 and miR-140-5p along with miR-140-5p and GLI3 were detected. Overexpressed SNHG7 and GLI3, and underexpressed miR-140-5p were found in NPC tissues and cells. SNHG7 silencing and miR-140-5p elevation declined the drug resistance of drug-resistant NPC cells and their parent cells, restrained NPC cell colony formation ability and proliferation, and boosted cell apoptosis. SNHG7 specially bound to miR-140-5p, and SNHG7 silencing elevated miR-140-5p expression. GLI3 was a direct target gene of miR-140-5p and miR-140-5p elevation diminished GLI3 expression. MiR-140-5p inhibition reversed the impacts of SNHG7 silencing on NPC cells. In summary, our study reveals that downregulated SNHG7 restricts GLI3 expression by upregulating miR-140-5p, which further suppresses cell proliferation, and promotes apoptosis of NPC.

Evaluation of endoscopic coblation treatment for obliteration of congenital pyriform sinus fistula.

BACKGROUND: Congenital pyriform sinus fistula is a very rare branchial apparatus malformation. Conventional open surgery for fistulectomy might fail to excise the lesion completely, leading to continual recurrence. The aim of this study was to provide an innovative endoscopic coblation technique for patients with pyriform sinus fistula and evaluate its intermediate-term effectiveness. METHODS: Retrospective case series with 112 patients (age range 3-36 years) between 2013 and 2016 and underwent endoscopic coblation of the sinus fistula. Data collected including patient demographics, presenting symptoms, diagnostic methods, prior and subsequent treatments, length of hospital stay, and recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 112 cases, there were no postoperative complications observed except temporary reddish swelling in three patients. Four cases were lost to follow-up. Of 108 patients, 106 experienced no recurrence after their first endoscopic coblation of the sinus tract. The remaining two patients with recurrence in the follow-up were ultimately treated with recoblation without complications or further recurrences. Also, Endoscopic coblation can be used to treat seven patients with recurrence who had experienced open resection. In our series, median follow-up period was 1.5 years. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic coblation is an effective approach for most patients. We advocate using this minimally invasive technique as first line of treatment for pyriform sinus fistula.

Development of one control and one tumor-specific induced pluripotent stem cell line from laryngeal carcinoma patient.

Skin fibroblasts and tumor fibroblasts were extracted from a 64-year old male patient clinically diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma. Control and tumor specific induced pluripotent stem cells were reprogrammed with 5 reprogramming factors, Klf-4, c-Myc, Oct-4, Sox-2, and Lin-28, using the messenger RNA reprogramming system. The transgene-free iPSC lines showed pluripotency, confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The iPSC lines also showed normal karyotype, and could form embryoid bodies in vitro and differentiate into the 3 germ layers in vivo. This in vitro cellular model can be used to study the oncogenesis and pathogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma.

[Research on risk factors of depression symptoms in 1 327 patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the comorbidity rate of depression symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in Henan province and to ascertain the risk factors. METHODS: One thousand three hundred and twenty-seven patients with OSAHS determined by overnight polysomnogram (PSG) were enrolled in this study. After screening the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the patients were divided into two groups: OSAHS (control group, n = 698) and OSAHS+depression (n = 629). The correlation was explored between the depression symptoms in patients with OSAHS and the sociodemographic variables and health status including smoking, drinking, marital status, apnea hyponea index (AHI), anoxicity, Family Burden Scale of Disease (FBS), Family APGAR Index (APGAR), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and so on. Furthermore, In-depth analyses were carried out between the depression symptoms in patients with OSAHS and the social and family factor items (FBS, APGAR and PSSS). RESULTS: The comorbidity rate of depression symptoms in patients with OSAHS in Henan province was 47.4%, and was correlated with the gender, marital status, FBS, APGAR, AHI, PSSS and anoxicity. Logistic regression analysis indicated that single marital status, APGAR, AHI, PSSS, hypoxemia and heart disease were all independent risk factors for depression in OSAHS patients. The total of the FBS score and three of its subfactors scores (family daily activities, family relationships and mental health of family members) were higher, and the total of the APGAR score and two of its subfactors scores (adaptabilith and affection) were lower in OSAHS with depression compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Besides, the total score for the PSSS AND Scores for its two subfactors (family support and social support) were all lower in OSAHS patients with depression than those of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients with OSAHS, depression symptoms are common and are associated with marital status, AHI, anoxicity, concomitant diseases (hypertension, heart disease), concerns and supports from the family and society.