Indoor Photovoltaic Fiber with an Efficiency of 25.53% under 1500 Lux Illumination.

Photovoltaic devices represent an efficient electricity generation mode. Integrating them into textiles offers exciting opportunities for smart electronic textiles-with the ultimate goal of supplying power for wearable technology-which is poised to change how electronic devices are designed. Many human activities occur indoors, so realizing indoor photovoltaic fibers (IPVFs) that can be woven into textiles to power wearables is critical, although currently unavailable. Here, a dye-sensitized IPVF is constructed by incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles into aligned nanotubes to produce close contact and stable interfaces among active layers on a curved fiber substrate, thus presenting efficient charge transport and low charge recombination in the photoanode. With the combination of highly conductive core-sheath Ti/carbon nanotube fiber as a counter electrode, the IPVF shows a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.53% under 1500 lux illuminance. Its performance variation is below 5% after bending, twisting, or pressing for 1000 cycles. These IPVFs are further integrated with fiber batteries as self-charging power textiles, which are demonstrated to effectively supply electricity for wearables, solving the power supply problem in this important direction.

Effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Postoperative Fatigue Syndrome Following Total Joint Arthroplasty or Hip Fracture Surgery: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: There is no high-quality, evidence-based protocol for the treatment of postoperative fatigue syndrome (POFS) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) or fracture surgery with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of CHM in the treatment of POFS after TJA or hip fracture surgery (HFS). METHODS: We searched six databases to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CHM for the treatment of POFS after TJA or HFS. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of each database to August, 2022. According to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews version 5.1, we used RevMan 5.3 to evaluate the quality of the studies. Stata 14.0 software was used to merge and analyze the data. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was the effect estimate for statistical analysis. We also performed subgroup analyses according to different types of surgeries. RESULTS: A total of 11 RCTs were included in this study, comprising 430 cases in the CHM group and 432 cases in the control group (CG). The meta-analysis results showed that there was no significant difference in the Brief Profile of Mood States (BPOMS) score (WMD=0.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.29 to 0.45, P=0.688), Christensen Fatigue scale (CHFS) score (WMD = 0.15, 95% CI: -0.09 to 0.39, P=0.214) or Identity-Consequence Fatigue Scale (ICFS) score (WMD=-0.40, 95% CI: -1.84 to 1.05, P=0.589) between the CHM group and the CG on the first postoperative day. The use of CHM significantly reduced the BPOMS score (WMD=-0.85 and WMD=-3.01, respectively), CHFS score (WMD=-1.01 and WMD= -1.45, respectively), and ICFS score (WMD=-3.51 and WMD=-5.26) on postoperative days 3 and 7. Compared with the CG, the CHM group had significantly increased serum transferrin and IgG levels on postoperative days 3 and 7. The subgroup analysis results suggested that the application of CHM in HFS patients improved fatigue symptoms on postoperative days 3 and 7, while the application of CHM to treat POFS in TJA patients had great inconsistency in the evaluation of different indicators. CONCLUSION: The application of CHM improved the fatigue status of POFS patients after TJA or HFS and increased the levels of transferrin and IgG in serum, which is conducive to promoting the postoperative rehabilitation process of patients. The subgroup analysis results showed that the application of CHM to intervene in POFS in HFS patients had obvious benefits.

MOF-Assisted Annealing-Free Crystallization Technology of Perovskites toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Although annealing is a commonly used crystallization method for perovskite films in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the high thermal energy consumption and limitations on flexible devices hinder their further industrial application. We herein propose an annealing-free crystallization technology for perovskite films, assisted by the Zr-metal-organic framework (MOF) interface between SnO2 and the perovskite. It is found that the Zr-MOF interface can accelerate the formation of perovskite intermediates and promote their conversion into perovskite crystals even without annealing. The trap density thus decreases by about one fold, accompanied by significant increases in electron and hole mobilities, resulting in enhanced carrier extraction and suppressed charge recombination. Therefore, the Zr-MOF-based PSC attains a power convention efficiency (PCE) of 20.24%, 2.2 times that (9.26%) of the pristine PSC. Furthermore, the Zr-MOF interface layer can significantly improve the air and thermal stabilities of PSCs. The Zr-MOF-based PSC exhibits 93% of its initial PCE versus 52% for the pristine PSC after 1018 h of storage in air. Additionally, after 360 h of continuous heating at 65 °C, the Zr-MOF-based PSC retains 91% of its initial PCE against 44% for the pristine PSC.

Constructing Highly Li+ Conductive Electrode Electrolyte Interphases for 4.6 V Li||LiCoO2 Batteries via Electrolyte Additive Engineering.

To improve voltage is considered to effectively address the energy-density question of Li||LiCoO2 batteries. However, it is restricted by the instability of electrode electrolyte interphases in carbonate electrolytes, which mainly originates from Li dendrite growth and structural instability of LiCoO2 at high voltage. Herein, an electrolyte additive strategy is proposed for constructing efficient LiNx Oy -contained cathode electrolyte interphase for 4.6 V LiCoO2 and LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase for Li anode to enhance the stability of Li||LiCoO2 battery using 4-nitrophthalic anhydride as the additive. As expected, the Li||LiCoO2 battery can stably operate up to 4.6 V, with a high specific capacity of 216.9 mAh g-1 during the 1st cycle and a capacity retention of 167.1 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 0.3 C. This work provides an available strategy to realize the application of high-voltage Li||LiCoO2 battery.

Constructing LiF/Li2CO3-rich heterostructured electrode electrolyte interphases by electrolyte additive for 4.5 V well-cycled lithium metal batteries.

The cycling performance of promising high-voltage Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) batteries is determined by the interfacial stability between electrodes and electrolyte. However, it is challenging to achieve them under high voltage. Herein, we stabilized 4.5 V Li||NCM811 batteries via electrolyte engineering with pentafluorostyrene (PFBE) as the additive. PFBE contributes to the formation of highly Li+ conductive and mechanically robust LiF/Li2CO3-rich heterostructured interphases on NCM811 cathode and Li metal anode (LMA) surfaces. Such electrode-electrolyte interphases (EEIs) obviously alleviate irreversible phase transition, microcracks induced by stress accumulation and transition metal dissolution in the Ni-rich layered cathode. Meanwhile, the growth of Li dendrites on the LMA surface is effectively controlled. As expected, 4.5 V Li||NCM811 batteries sustain a capacity retention rate of 61.27% after 600 cycles at 0.5 C (100 mA g-1). More importantly, ∼6.69 Ah Li||NCM811 pouch cells with such electrolytes could represent a stable energy density of ∼485 Wh kg-1 based on all cell components.

Phylogeny and Systematics of Sassafras (Lauraceae), an Interesting Genus with Disjunct Distributions in Eastern North America and East Asia.

The Lauraceae is a family of the order Laurales, with 2500-3000 species comprising 50 genera, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. Up to two decades ago, the systematic classification of the Lauraceae was based on floral morphology, but molecular phylogenetic approaches have made tremendous advances in elucidating tribe- and genus-level relationships within the family in recent decades. Our review focused on the phylogeny and systematics of Sassafras, a genus of three species with highly disjunct distributions in eastern North America and East Asia, whose tribe affiliation within the Lauraceae has long been controversial. By synthesizing information on the floral biology and molecular phylogeny of Sassafras, this review aimed to explore the position of Sassafras within the Lauraceae, and to provide suggestions and implications for future phylogenetic studies. Our synthesis highlighted Sassafras as a transitional type between Cinnamomeae and Laureae with a closer genetic relationship with Cinnamomeae, as revealed by molecular phylogenetic evidence, while it shares many similar characteristics with Laureae in morphology. We therefore discovered that several molecular and morphological methods should be concurrently considered to illuminate the phylogeny and systematics of Sassafras in Lauraceae.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of an Arctic Tertiary Relict Tree Endemic to China (Sassafras tzumu) Revealed by Novel Nuclear Microsatellite (nSSR) Markers.

Sassafras tzumu (Hemsl.) Hemsl., as an Arctic Tertiary relict woody species, is an ecologically and economically important deciduous tree endemic to southern China. Nonetheless, the genetic resources and backgrounds of S. tzumu are still lacking and remain largely unclear. Here, we predicted 16,215 candidate polymorphic nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) loci from the assembled nucleus databases of six geographic-distant individuals of S. tzumu via CandiSSR. Among these nSSRs, the di- (75.53%) and tri-nucleotide (19.75%) repeats were the most abundant, and 27 new polymorphic SSRs were developed and characterized in 136 individuals from six natural populations of S. tzumu. The majority of the above 27 SSRs (24 loci, 88.89%) presented moderate polymorphism (mean PIC = 0.356), and the transferability of these markers in other Sassafras species was high (85.19%). A moderately low level of genetic diversity and a high variation (FST = 0.286) of six wild populations of S. tzumu were illuminated by 16 selected polymorphic nSSRs, with the average expected heterozygosity (HE) of 0.430 at the species level and HE ranging from 0.195 to 0.387 at the population level. Meanwhile, a bottleneck effect was shown in two populations. Consistent with the results of the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and phylogenetic trees, structure analysis optimally divided these six S. tzumu populations into two clusters, and the further strong population subdivision appeared from K = 2 to K = 5, which corresponded to two evolutionarily significant units (ESUs). Moreover, the significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance was tested by the Mantel test (r = 0.742, p = 0.006), clarifying the effect about isolation by distance (IBD), which could be possibly explained by the low gene flow (Nm = 0.625), a relatively high degree of inbreeding (FIS = 0.166), a relatively large distribution, and mountainous barriers. Above all, our research not only enlarged the useful genetic resources for future studies of population genetics, molecular breeding, and germplasm management of S. tzumu and its siblings but also contributed to proposing scientific conservation strategies and schemes for the better preservation of S. tzumu and other Sassafras (Lauraceae) species.

Spiro[cyclopentadithiophene-dioxolane]-Based D-A-D Type Organic Molecule for Both Crystallization Improvement and Band Adjustment of Perovskites.

To improve the crystallization and meanwhile adjust the band levels of perovskites, we design and synthesize a novel organic molecule, 4,4'-(spiro[cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dithiophene-4,2'-[1,3]dioxolane]-2,6-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TM1), to dissolve in an antisolvent for the antisolvent engineering of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The coordination interactions between TM1 and Pb2+ ions in perovskites and the hydrogen bonds between the O atoms in the methoxy of TM1 and the MA+ in perovskites are characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Owing to these interactions, TM1 can improve the perovskite crystallization, which reduces the trap density, enhances the interfacial hole extraction, and retards charge recombination as well, boosting short-circuit photocurrent notably. TM1 also shifts the valence band of perovskites upward by 0.17 eV, which aligns better with the highest occupied molecular orbital of hole transport materials and thus increases the open-circuit photovoltage significantly. As a result, the power conversion efficiency is enhanced from 17.22 to 20.21% by TM1. Moreover, TM1 can also improve device stability significantly. These findings demonstrate that TM1 is a kind of functional material as an additive in an antisolvent for both crystallization improvement and energy level adjustment of perovskites toward highly efficient and stable PSCs.

Black Phase of Inorganic Perovskite Stabilized with Carboxyimidazolium Iodide for Stable and Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

As all-inorganic perovskite (CsPbI3-xBrx) is prone to phase transition from the α phase (black phase) to the δ phase (yellow phase) in a humid environment or under heating, improving the phase stability of all-inorganic perovskite of the black phase is one of the urgent problems to solve. Herein, 1,2-dimethyl-3-acetylimidazolium iodide (DMAII) is spin-coated onto the surface of CsPbI3-xBrx perovskite for use in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We find that the DMAII coating has two effects on the CsPbI3-xBrx perovskite film: surface passivation and phase stabilization of perovskite. Traps in the CsPbI3-xBrx perovskite film can be reduced significantly by DMAII passivation, resulting in enhanced hole extraction and suppressed charge recombination. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is improved from 10.81 to 13.14%. Moreover, the DMAII coating can significantly inhibit the phase transition from the α phase to the δ phase in a humid environment or under heating, as characterized by the X-ray diffraction pattern, UV-vis absorption spectrum, and film color. After exposing the CsPbI3-xBrx perovskite films to a humid atmosphere (relative humidity = 40-60%) for 6 h, the PCE decreases dramatically to only 0.12% of the initial PCE for the PSC without the DMAII coating, while the PCE maintains 80% of the initial PCE for the PSC with the DMAII coating. In addition, when the PSC devices are heated at 120 °C for 4 h, the control PSC shows a 96% decrease in PCE, while the PCE decay is only 9% for the DMAII-coated PSC. These findings indicate that carboxyl-substituted imidazolium iodide is a kind of promising material to not only passivate traps but also stabilize the black phase of all-inorganic perovskite.

The complete chloroplast genome of Phoebe minutiflora (Lauraceae).

Phoebe minutiflora H. W. Li, is a member of the Lauraceae family, while its generic relationship has been long-term controversial. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of P. minutiflora was first reported in this paper. The cp genome was 152,654 bp in length with four typical quadripartite structures, which was consisted of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 93,697 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,809 bp, and two inverted repeats (IRs) of 20,074 bp. In addition, there were a total of 112 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that P. minutiflora should be placed into Machilus.

Research Progress in Plant Molecular Systematics of Lauraceae.

Lauraceae is a large family of woody plants with high ecological and economic value. The tribal and generic division and phylogenetic relationship of Lauraceae have long been controversial. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, phylogenetic relationships within the Cinnamomeae, Laureae and Perseeae tribes, also called 'the Core Lauraceae', have arisen particular attention. In this review, we comprehensively collated the literatures on the phylogeny of Lauraceae published in recent years and summarized progress made in molecular systematic researches employing gene fragments, chloroplast genomes and DNA barcodings analyses. We clarified the phylogenetic relationships and main controversies of 'the Core Lauraceae', the systemic position of fuzzy genera (Neocinnamomum, Caryodaphnopsis and Cassytha) and the development of chloroplast genome and DNA barcodes. We further suggested and proposed the whole genome analysis and different inflorescence types would be possible to provide more information for further research on phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy of Lauraceae.

Ocean Currents Drove Genetic Structure of Seven Dominant Mangrove Species Along the Coastlines of Southern China.

Mangrove forest ecosystems, which provide important ecological services for marine environments and human activities, are being destroyed worldwide at an alarming rate. The objective of our study was to use molecular data and analytical techniques to separate the effects of historical and contemporary processes on the distribution of mangroves and patterns of population genetic differentiation. Seven mangrove species (Acanthus ilicifolius, Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Kandelia obovata, Lumnitzera racemosa, and Rhizophora stylosa), which are predominant along the coastlines of South China, were genotyped at nuclear (nSSR) and chloroplast (cpSSR) microsatellite markers. We estimated historical and contemporary gene flow, the genetic diversity and population structure of seven mangrove species in China. All of these seven species exhibited few haplotypes, low levels of genetic diversity (H E = 0.160-0.361, with the exception of K. obovata) and high levels of inbreeding (F IS = 0.104-0.637), which may be due to their marginal geographical distribution, human-driven and natural stressors on habitat loss and fragmentation. The distribution patterns of haplotypes and population genetic structures of seven mangrove species in China suggest historical connectivity between populations over a large geographic area. In contrast, significant genetic differentiation [F ST = 0.165-0.629 (nSSR); G ST = 0.173-0.923 (cpSSR)] indicates that populations of mangroves are isolated from one another with low levels of contemporary gene flow among populations. Our results suggest that populations of mangroves were historically more widely inter-connected and have recently been isolated, likely through a combination of ocean currents and human activities. In addition, genetic admixture in Beibu Gulf populations and populations surrounding Hainan Island and southern mainland China were attributed to asymmetric gene flow along prevailing oceanic currents in China in historical times. Even ocean currents promote genetic exchanges among mangrove populations, which are still unable to offset the effects of natural and anthropogenic fragmentation. The recent isolation and lack of gene flow among populations of mangroves may affect their long-term survival along the coastlines of South China. Our study enhances the understanding of oceanic currents contributing to population connectivity, and the effects of anthropogenic and natural habitat fragmentation on mangroves, thereby informing future conservation efforts and seascape genetics toward mangroves.

Highly Efficient and Stable Pure Two-Dimensional Perovskite-Based Solar Cells with the 3-Aminopropionitrile Organic Cation.

Pure two-dimensional (2D) perovskite (n = 1)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been proven to have excellent stability against humidity, but the photovoltaic performance is very poor due to the parallel orientation to the substrate and mismatched energy alignment in the PSC device. We report herein a novel bulky organic cation of 3-aminopropionitrile (3-APN) for constructing a pure 2D hybrid lead-iodide perovskite. The crystal structure of (3-APN)2PbI4 features a stable layered and undistorted PbI6 octahedral geometry (∠Pb-I-Pb = 180°) with a small I···I distance (4.66 Å), and the crystals grow in a dominant out-of-plane direction to the substrate. In addition, the existence of an intramolecular H bond between cyano groups and ammonium heads result in an appropriate valence band level of (3-APN)2PbI4 for a well-matched energy level alignment in the device, benefitting the interfacial charge transfer and hence a better photovoltaic performance. As a result, the PSC with the pure 2D (3-APN)2PbI4 perovskite-based PSC achieves a power conversion efficiency of 3.39%, which is the highest value thus far for the pure 2D lead-iodide perovskite family, to the best of our knowledge. More importantly, this pure 2D (3-APN)2PbI4 perovskite-based PSC demonstrates excellent stability against humidity. This work demonstrates that there is great potential to realize efficient and stable pure 2D perovskite-based PSCs through the wise design of organic cations.

Self-Assembled Ionic Liquid for Highly Efficient Electron Transport Layer-Free Perovskite Solar Cells.

Electron transport layer (ETL)-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attractive because they have fewer layers and hence are lower in cost, but their inferior photovoltaic performance, as compared to ETL-containing PSCs, greatly restricts their practical application. This study concerns the design and synthesis of a hydroxyethyl-functionalized imidazolium iodide ionic liquid, the determination of its single crystal structure, and its self-assembly on a conductive substrate for ETL-free PSCs. The self-assembly of the ionic liquid on the conductive substrate is found to lower the work function of the conductive substrate and enhance interfacial electron extraction while retarding interfacial charge recombination. As a consequence, the power conversion efficiency is improved remarkably from 9.01 % to 17.31 % upon self-assembly of the ionic liquid on the conductive substrate. This finding provides a new way to assemble highly efficient ETL-free PSCs.

Development and characterization of 20 novel EST-SSR markers for Pteroceltis tatarinowii, a relict tree in China.

PREMISE: Pteroceltis tatarinowii (Ulmaceae), the only species of the genus Pteroceltis, is an endangered tree in China. Here, novel expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were developed to illuminate its genetic diversity for conservation and assisted breeding. METHODS AND RESULTS: Based on Illumina transcriptome data from P. tatarinowii, a total of 70 EST-SSR markers were initially designed and tested. Forty-eight of 70 loci (68.6%) were successfully amplified, of which 20 were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six, and the levels of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.018 to 0.781 and from 0.023 to 0.702, respectively. Additionally, cross-amplification was successful for 17 loci in two related species, Ulmus gaussenii and U. chenmoui. CONCLUSIONS: These new EST-SSR markers are valuable transcriptomic resources for P. tatarinowii and will facilitate population genetics and molecular breeding of this species and its relatives in Ulmaceae.

4-(Aminoethyl)pyridine as a Bifunctional Spacer Cation for Efficient and Stable 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Solar Cells.

Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites are attractive due to their appealing environmental stability. We demonstrate herein a spacer cation, 4-(aminoethyl)pyridine (4-AEP), for preparation of 2D RP perovskite films. The 4-AEP can not only act as a spacer cation but also coordinate with the Pb2+ ions in PbI2 with the nitrogen atom on the pyridine ring. High-quality 2D RP perovskite films can thus be formed as the coordination interaction retards the crystallization rate of the 2D RP perovskites. As a result, the solar cell employing the (4-AEP)2MAn-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 5) 2D perovskite achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.68% with good air stability, which is much better than the phenylethylamine spacer cation at the same conditions (PCE = 7.95%). This work provides a new idea for designing novel spacer cations toward efficient and stable 2D RP perovskite solar cells.

Pyridine-Terminated Conjugated Organic Molecules as an Interfacial Hole Transfer Bridge for NiOx-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

To engineer the NiOx/perovskite interface and promote interfacial hole transfer, two pyridine-terminated conjugated small organic molecules (PTZ-1 and PTZ-2) are synthesized to link the NiOx and perovskite layers for NiOx-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). One terminal pyridine group interacts with the NiOx layer, while the other one coordinates with the Pb atoms of the perovskite layer, erecting an interfacial hole transfer bridge between NiOx and perovskite. Surface modification of the NiOx film with the PTZ molecules is able to enhance hole extraction, increase hole mobility and conductivity of NiOx, reduce defect density, and retard interfacial charge recombination. As a consequence, power conversion efficiency is improved from 12.53 to 16.25 and 17.00% upon surface modifications of NiOx with PTZ-1 and PTZ-2, respectively. Furthermore, the modified PSCs exhibit almost no hysteresis and show good stability after storage in air (relative humidity of 30-40%) for 500 h without encapsulation.

Mining and characterization of novel EST-SSR markers of Parrotia subaequalis (Hamamelidaceae) from the first Illumina-based transcriptome datasets.

Parrotia subaequalis is an endangered Tertiary relict tree from eastern China. Despite its important ecological and horticultural value, no transcriptomic data and limited molecular markers are currently available in this species. In this study, we first performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of two individuals representing the northernmost (TX) and southernmost (SJD) population of P. subaequalis on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. We gathered a total of 69,135 unigenes for P. subaequalis (TX) and 84,009 unigenes for P. subaequalis (SJD). From two unigenes datasets, 497 candidate polymorphic novel expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) were identified using CandiSSR. Among these repeats, di-nucleotide repeats were the most abundant repeat type (62.78%) followed by tri-, tetra- and hexa-nucleotide repeats. We then randomly selected 54 primer pairs for polymorphism validation, of which 27 (50%) were successfully amplified and showed polymorphisms in 96 individuals from six natural populations of P. subaequalis. The average number of alleles per locus and the polymorphism information content values were 3.70 and 0.343; the average observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.378 and 0.394. A relatively high level of genetic diversity (HT = 0.393) and genetic differentiation level (FST = 0.171) were surveyed, indicating P. subaequalis maintained high levels of species diversity in the long-term evolutionary history. Additionally, a high level of cross-transferability (92.59%) was displayed in five congeneric Hamamelidaceae species. Therefore, these new transcriptomic data and novel polymorphic EST-SSR markers will pinpoint genetic resources and facilitate future studies on population genetics and molecular breeding of P. subaequalis and other Hamamelidaceae species.

Semi-synthesis and structural elucidation of brevicanines A-D, four new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids with rotameric phenomenon from Aconitum brevicalcaratum.

Four new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids brevicanines A-D (1-4) with rotameric phenomenon were isolated from Aconitum brevicalcaratum. They all possessed an unusual axial chiral phenyl-quinazoline side chain and their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. Meanwhile, brevicanines A and B were semi-synthesized from their parent compound scaconine to further confirm their structures. Variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy was also used to investigate the atropisomers of brevicanine A, in which two sets of signals in 1H NMR spectra were observed at room temperature and coalesced over 140 °C. It's the first time to determine the atropisomeric preference of diterpenoid alkaloids.

Quaternary Iron Nickel Cobalt Selenide as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Both Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Water Splitting.

Iron nickel cobalt selenides are synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method. Quaternary Fe0.37 Ni0.17 Co0.36 Se demonstrates multifunctionality and shows high electrocatalytic activity for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 8.42 %, the hydrogen evolution reaction, the oxygen evolution reaction, and water splitting. The electric power output from tandem quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells under one-sun illumination is sufficient to split water and exhibits a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 5.58 % with Fe0.37 Ni0.17 Co0.36 Se as the electrocatalyst in this integrated system. Owing to a remarkable synergistic effect, quaternary Fe0.37 Ni0.17 Co0.36 Se is proven to be superior to ternary nickel cobalt selenide in terms of conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, and photovoltaic performance.