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1.
Vet Surg ; 29(3): 245-51, 2000.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10871226

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether different methods of sterilization of antibiotic vials or the heat of polymerization altered the antimicrobial activity or mechanical properties of antibiotic/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composites when compared to antibiotic-free PMMA. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro study. METHODS: Steam-sterilized, gas-sterilized, and non-sterilized 1 gram vials of cefazolin and injectable gentamicin sulfate (high and low doses) were mixed with PMMA to prepare composites for antibiotic elution evaluation, compression, and elongation testing. Blocks of PMMA that contained antibiotic were assayed for antibacterial activity using an agar gel diffusion method or were placed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to assess elution of antibiotic. Phosphate buffered saline samples from steam-sterilized cefazolin and high-dose gentamicin groups were assayed on days 1, 2, 5, and 9 for cefazolin or gentamicin concentration by high-pressure liquid chromatography or fluorescent polarization immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: PMMA blocks containing antibiotic inhibited bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus 25923 for an average of 9 days. Cefazolin and gentamicin concentration in PBS decreased dramatically after the first 24 hours, but remained above minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) throughout the experiment for all groups except low-dose gentamicin. Compressive strength of plugs made from plain cement and plugs made from PMMA mixed with untreated and steam-sterilized cefazolin was similar, but was significantly different from the other groups. There appeared to be an inverse relationship between compressive strength and elongation. CONCLUSION: PMMA/antibiotic composites inhibited bacterial growth for 7 to 10 days. Compressive strength was affected by different additions of antibiotic. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bacteria introduced during a surgical procedure may be inhibited by elution of antibiotic from PMMA at the time of contamination.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Cementos para Huesos/farmacología , Cefazolina/farmacología , Gentamicinas/farmacología , Polimetil Metacrilato/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/veterinaria , Animales , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/química , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/veterinaria , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Cementos para Huesos/química , Cefazolina/administración & dosificación , Cefazolina/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Gentamicinas/administración & dosificación , Gentamicinas/química , Calor/efectos adversos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Polimetil Metacrilato/administración & dosificación , Polimetil Metacrilato/química , Esterilización , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control
2.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 214(10): 1507-10, 1999 May 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10340077

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare a simple continuous suture pattern with a simple interrupted pattern for enterotomy closure or end-to-end intestinal anastomosis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 58 dogs and 25 cats that underwent enterotomy or intestinal resection and anastomosis. PROCEDURE: Signalment, surgical procedure, suture pattern, suture material, confirmation of dehiscence, and follow-up were reviewed. Groups were compared by procedure (anastomosis or enterotomy) and by suture pattern. RESULTS: 57 animals underwent continuous closure; 26 had interrupted closure. Only polydioxanone or polypropylene suture materials were used. Overall, 81 (98%) animals had no signs of intestinal dehiscence and survived > 2 weeks. Two animals had confirmed dehiscence after foreign body removal, 1 of 57 (2%) after continuous closure, and 1 of 26 (4%) after interrupted closure. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The simple continuous closure pattern is an acceptable alternative to simple interrupted closure for small intestinal anastomosis or enterotomy closure.


Asunto(s)
Gatos/cirugía , Perros/cirugía , Intestino Delgado/cirugía , Técnicas de Sutura/veterinaria , Anastomosis Quirúrgica/veterinaria , Animales , Estudios de Seguimiento , Cuerpos Extraños/cirugía , Cuerpos Extraños/veterinaria , Neoplasias Intestinales/cirugía , Neoplasias Intestinales/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Dehiscencia de la Herida Operatoria/etiología , Dehiscencia de la Herida Operatoria/veterinaria , Resultado del Tratamiento
3.
Appl Opt ; 9(5): 1213, 1970 May 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20076354
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