Regulation of Immune Balance by Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Cough Variant Asthma： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Cough variant asthma （CVA） is a chronic respiratory disease with cough as its main symptom. The occurrence of CVA is closely related to non-specific airway inflammation， and its pathogenesis involves environmental， genetic， immune， and other factors. In recent years， the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of CVA have attracted the attention of experts and scholars in China and abroad， especially its prominent role in regulating immune balance， relieving cough symptoms in CVA patients， and reducing recurrence. T Helper cells 1 （Th1）， T helper cells 2 （Th2）， T helper cells 17 （Th17）， and regulatory T cells （Treg） are derived from CD4+ T cells. Immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg is a new hotspot in the pathogenesis of CVA and a potential key target in the treatment of CVA by TCM. Th cell subsets are in dynamic balance under physiological conditions， maintaining respiratory immune homeostasis in which pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines are balanced. Immature helper T cells （Th0） can be differentiated into Th1， Th2， Th17， Treg， and other cell subsets due to cytokine types in the microenvironment in the stage of CVA maturation. The proliferation of Th2 cells leads to eosinophilic airway inflammation. Excessive differentiation of Th17 cells induces neutrophil airway inflammation. Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells are mutually restricted in number and function， and the immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg is easy to aggravate the generation of inflammatory response. Restoring immune balance is particularly important for the airway anti-inflammatory therapy of CVA. In this paper， the imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg and the pathogenesis of CVA were systematically expounded. Meanwhile， the latest research on the regulation of immune imbalance by TCM compound， single TCM， and its effective ingredients in the treatment of CVA was reviewed. It provides ideas and references for revealing the scientific connotation of TCM regulating immune balance therapy of CVA， as well as the development of clinical treatment and basic research of CVA.

Mechanistic insights of magnolol antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma using untargeted metabolomic analyses.

The unreasonable use of antibiotics is one of the important causes of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that poses a huge public health threat. Magnolol is a traditional Chinese medicine exhibiting antibacterial-, antifungal-, anti-inflammatory-, and antioxidant activities. However, it is unclear whether magnolol has an inhibitory effect on mycoplasma. This study found that magnolol showed excellent inhibitory activity against various mycoplasmas. Magnolol showed dose-dependent inhibition of Mycoplasma synoviae growth and biofilm formation in vitro. Magnolol caused severely sunken and wrinkled M. synoviae cell membranes at the minimum inhibitory concentration, and an enlarged cell diameter. The chicken embryo infection model showed that magnolol significantly reduced M. synoviae pathogenicity in vivo. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the citrate cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and pyruvate metabolism were significantly disturbed at the minimum inhibitory concentration of magnolol. Interestingly, 41% of differential metabolites were in the categories of lipids and lipid-like molecules. Protegenin A was up-regulated 58752-fold after magnolol treatment. It belongs to fatty acyls, and destroys cell membrane integrity and cell activity. Ghosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, and phosphatidylserine related to membrane maintenance and stress response were widely down-regulated. Collectively, our results illustrate the feasibility of magnolol as a phytochemical compound to treat mycoplasma infection.

General method for detecting acrylamide in foods and comprehensive survey of acrylamide in foods sold in Southeast China.

This study aimed to investigate the distribution of acrylamide (AA) in food by developing a universal method for detecting AA in various foods and analyzing the levels of AA in 437 food samples collected from Southeast China. The developed method was simple, rapid, and widely applicable, with an average recovery rate range of 81.7-94.2% and a relative standard deviation range of 1.7-8.2%. The limit of detection (LOD, 2.0-3.4 µg kg-1) and limit of quantitation (LOQ, 6.0-10 µg kg-1) were also determined. AA was detected in all types of food, with a total detection rate of 76%, and the levels ranged from LOQ to 6020 µg kg-1. Potato chips had the highest level of AA (mean value of 504 µg kg-1), whereas pastries had the lowest level (mean value < 6.0 µg kg-1). Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed significant differences in AA levels among different foods (H = 229.8, p < 0.05). The AA safety limit intake recommendations suggested that the intake of high-AA foods should be strictly controlled to reduce the risk of potential carcinogenic effects. The developed method provides a useful tool for monitoring AA levels in food.

Research on Syndrome and Treatment Rules of Famous Doctors in Treating Ulcerative Colitis Based on Data Mining / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo systematically review the clinical experience of four sessions of Masters of Traditional Chinese Medicine and two sessions of National Famous Chinese Medicine Practitioners in treating ulcerative colitis （UC）. Data mining and analysis were conducted to clarify the diagnosis and treatment ideas and characteristics of prescription used by these famous doctors in treating UC. MethodsRelevant literature on the treatment of UC by renowned doctors was retrieved from the establishment of the database until March 31， 2023. The literature was collected from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database， and China Biomedical Literature Database. The data mining techniques including frequency analysis， association rules， and cluster analysis were conducted using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform V2.3.5. ResultsA total of 157 literatures were included in this study， including 115 clinical case data. The study found that UC can be categorized into 14 types of syndrome patterns for treatment， including large intestine dampness-heat syndrome （75，65.22%）， syndrome of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency （23， 20.00%）， spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome （21， 18.26%）. The main affected organs were the spleen （85， 73.91%） and large intestine （75， 65.22%）， and they were closely related to liver （24， 20.87%） and the kidney （21， 18.26%）. The predominant pathogenic factors were dampness （83， 72.17%） ， heat （80， 69.57%） and qi deficiency （65， 56.52%）. The treatment involved 30 kinds of treatment methods， including heat-clearing and dampness-draining method （75， 65.22%）， pleen-tonifying and qi-boosting method （25，21.74%） and spleen-invigorating and dampness-transforming method （23， 20.00%）. The medication involved 187 ingredients， with the most commonly used being heat-clearing herbs （37， 19.79%） and tonifying herbs （27， 14.44%）. The tastes of the herbs were mostly sweet （85， 45.45%） ， bitter （80， 42.78%） ， and pungent （71， 37.97%）. The association rules revealed 16 high-frequency combinations mainly composed of Huanglian （黄连）， Baishao （白芍） and Gancao （甘草） along with Baizhu （白术）， Fuling （茯苓）， Muxiang （木香） and Danggui （当归）. ConclusionFamous doctors are skilled in diagnosing and treating UC based on the differentiation of the zang-fu organs and qi-blood. The key pathological mechanism is “spleen deficiency as the root， and large intestine damp-heat as the manifestation”. The core treatment approach is “heat-clearing， spleen-tonifying， and dampness-draining”， with the inclusion of “regulating qi and blood， and balancing cold and heat”.

Status quo and influencing factors of health self-management ability of scientific and technological workers in Shanxi Province / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of health self-management ability of scientific and technological workers in Shanxi Province.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Using the general situation questionnaire and the adult health self-management ability evaluation scale, 467 scientific and technological workers who received physical examination in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2022 to September 2022 were investigated by questionnaire, and their height, weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids and blood uric acid were collected on the day of physical examination. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of health self-management ability, and Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between health self-management ability and examination items.Results:The total score of health self-management ability of 467 scientific and technological workers was (153.7±16.5). The results of multiple linear regression showed that the type of medical insurance, self-assessment of health status, staying up late, and sleep quality were independent influencing factors of health self-management ability ( R2=0.141, adjusted R2=0.120, F=6.771; P<0.001). Health self-management ability was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein ( r=0.114), behavioral subscale was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein ( r=0.107), environmental subscale was negatively correlated with uric acid ( r=-0.103), triglyceride ( r=-0.118), and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein ( r=0.129), and cognitive subscale was negatively correlated with triglyceride ( r=-0.125), all of which were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The ability of health self-management of scientific and technological workers in Shanxi Province belongs to the upper middle level, which is affected by the type of medical insurance, the self-assessment of health status, staying up late, and the quality of sleep. It is suggested that the ability of health self-management of scientific and technological workers can be improved by strengthening their health beliefs, providing a more convenient working environment, reducing the frequency of staying up late, and improving their sleep quality.

Effect of transcription factor NFIB on cell proliferation and invasion in breast cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of transcription factor nuclear factor IB (NFIB) on cell proliferation and invasion in breast cancer.Methods:The lentivirus pLKO.1-shNFIB plasmid was constructed, packaged and infected with human estrogen receptor positive (ER + ) breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231, respectively, NFIB was stably knocked down and verified by Western blot method; Cell count test (CCK-8) and clone formation test were used to investigate the effect of knockdown NFIB on the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells; The transwell experiment and Western blot method were performed to detect the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition protein markers. The effect of knockdown NFIB on the invasive ability of triple-negative breast cancer cells was explored; Kaplan-Meier survival was used to analyze web data (http: //kmplot.com/analysis/) to explore the effect of NFIB on the prognosis of ER + breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer patients. Results:In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, knocking down NFIB inhibited cell growth and proliferation; In triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, knocking down NFIB promoted the expression of interstitial marker fibronectin and promoted cell invasion; The lower the expression of NFIB, the worse the prognosis of triple negative breast cancer patients, while the expression of NFIB had no effect on the prognosis of ER + breast cancer patients. Conclusions:Knocking down NFIB inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, and the expression level of NFIB is not related to the prognosis of ER + breast cancer patients; Knocking down NFIB inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells but promotes their invasion; The low expression of NFIB is associated with the poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer patients.

Application of catheter information platform based on failure mode and effect analysis in preventing central venous catheter-related infection in intensive care unit / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) based catheter information platform in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in intensive care unit to improve the current status of CRBSI.Methods:In this study, a retrospective cohort study was conducted using the purposive sampling method, and 140 patients with indwelling central venous catheters admitted to the ICU of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from August to December 2021 were set as the control group; the 140 patients with indwelling central venous catheters admitted to the ICU from January to May 2022 were set as the observation group. The control group used electronic forms to record and manage at the bedside after CRBSI cluster nursing measures were given, and the observation group used the catheter information platform based on FMEA to conduct information management on catheter evaluation and maintenance process after CRBSI cluster nursing measures were given. Compared the implementation rate (6 items), implementation time, qualification rate, and incidence of CRBSI in ICU patients between two groups of ICU nurses.Results:The implementation rate of CRBSI cluster nursing measures among ICU nurses in the observation group: strict hand hygiene by nurses was 87%(122/140), maximum aseptic barrier during puncture was 97%(136/140), aseptic operation during catheter maintenance was 91%(128/140), 75% alcohol disinfection of connectors was 84%(118/140), 24-hour change of infusion lines was 95%(133/140), and timely change of patches/dressings was 89%(125/140), they were greater than those in the control group 70%(98/140), 87%(122/140), 71%(100/140), 61%(86/140), 71%(99/140), 69%(96/140), the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 9.67 to 29.07, all P<0.05); the execution time and qualification rate among ICU nurses in the observation group were (9.11 ± 2.83) minutes and 91.4% (128/140), the control group were (10.00 ± 2.84) minutes and 60.7% (85/140), with statistically significant differences ( t value was -2.64, χ2 values was 36.28, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The FMEA-based catheterization information platform can help enhance the efficiency of the implementation of CRBSI clustering nursing measures by ICU nurses, improve the quality of care, and thus reduce the occurrence of CRBSI, and the feasibility of clinical promotion is high.

Chronic kidney disease and cerebral microbleeds / 国际脑血管病杂志

Because the brain and kidneys share a common basis for small vessel lesions, the related research on cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is gradually increasing. The development of neuroimaging technology has significantly increased the detection rate of CMBs, but there is still controversy over whether CKD will increase the incidence of CMBs. This article reviews the relationship between CKD and CMBs, pathogenesis, biomarkers, and treatment.

The protective effects of disialyllacto-N-tetraose of neonatal intestinal barriers in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and to explore the effects of disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), a compound extracted from human milk, on the intestinal barriers in rat model of NEC.Methods:(1) Human study: From Feb 2013 to Dec 2020, the pathological samples of ileum tissue from 21 neonates (12 patients with NEC and 9 with intestinal atresia) from Pathology Department of our hospital were collected. The expressions of ZO-1 in these samples were examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. (2) Animal study: A total of 28 newborn rats were randomly assigned into control group ( n=8), NEC group ( n=10) and DSLNT+NEC group ( n=10). Experimental NEC model was established based on hypoxia (95%N 2 10 min) /cold exposure (4 ℃ 10 min) three times a day for consecutive 3 days. DSLNT+NEC group were fed with formula+DLSNT (300 μmol/L) during hypoxia/cold exposure. All the surviving rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment (72 h) and the terminal ileum tissues were collected. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate tissue damage and Western blotting was used to determine the expressions of ZO-1. (3) Cellular study: Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish a cellular inflammation model in human intestinal epithelial cell lines (Caco-2) and DSLNT (300 μmol/L) was applied to this model. Thiazolyl blue assay was used to examine cell viabilities and immunofluorescence assay was used to detect ZO-1 expression. The effects of DSLNT on cell growth and tight junctions of Caco-2 cells were analyzed. Results:(1)Human study: The villi of mucous layer of the lesion were damaged in NEC patients. ZO-1 expressions at the epithelial junction of NEC patients were decreased compared with intestinal atresia patients and non-lesion intestines of NEC patients. (2)Animal study: Apical extrusion, necrosis and shedding of epithelial cell were seen at the lesions in NEC group. The expression of ZO-1 in NEC group was significantly lower than the control group and DSNLT+NEC group ( P<0.05).DSNLT+NEC group had higher survival rates (8/10 vs. 6/10) and lower ileum inflammatory pathological scores [2.0(1.0, 2.8) vs. 3.5(3.0, 4.0)] than NEC group. (3) Cellular study: Caco-2 cells exposed to LPS showed inhibited cell growth and decreased ZO-1 immunofluorescence staining. Caco-2 cells in the DSLNT+LPS group showed better viability than LPS group and were comparable with the control group. The expression of ZO-1 was significantly increased in the DSLNT+LPS group. Conclusions:Tight junction injury of the intestinal epithelial cell is an important characteristic of NEC. ZO-1 is a potential target for the prevention and treatment of NEC. DSLNT may protect the neonatal intestines by modulating the expression of ZO-1 and keeping tight junction integrity.

Application value and treatment opportunity of enteroscopy in children with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the application value and treatment opportunity of single balloon enteroscopy in children with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 33 children diagnosed with PJS in Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 2011 to September 2021.The patient′s age, gender, family history, clinical symptoms, enteroscopy examination and treatment, number of polyps, intraoperative and pos-toperative complications, surgical treatment, recurrence of surgery, and follow-up data were analyzed, and the chi- square test was used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 33 PJS children aged (9.00±3.13) years, including 21 males and 12 females, were included.All of them received at least once single balloon enteroscopy test.The main manifestations of the children were black spots (33 cases) and multiple polyps in the digestive tract (31 cases). In all the 33 cases, black spots were distributed on lips.Some black spots were also found at the end of fingers (3 cases), at the end of foot toes(2 cases), and at the end of finger toes (6 cases). During the operation, 391 polyps were removed, most of which were jejunum polyps (37.08%, 145/391 polyps). Eleven children with PJS has intussusception, of which intestinal intussusception accounted for 90.91% (10/11 cases). Ten cases (30.30%, 10/33 cases) received surgical treatment, and 72.73% (8/11 cases) underwent surgery for acute refractory intussusception.One case had intestinal perforation and 2 cases were bleeding during the operation, and the 3 cases recovered completely after hemostatic clip sealing and surgical treatment.The incidence of hollow ileum polyps and giant polyps in children aged >8 years was higher than that in children aged ≤8 years[92.55% (149/161 polyps) vs.7.45%(12/161 polyps), 96.20%(76/79 polyps) vs.3.80% (3/79 polyps)]. The differences were statistically significant ( χ2=9.854, 8.711, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of intussusception among different age groups ( P>0.05). Among the 33 children with PJS, 57.58% (19/33 cases) had recurrence 1-3 years after operation, and no cases of cancer have been followed up so far. Conclusions:Intestinal polyps are common in children with PJS, and the application of single-balloon enteroscopy in children with PJS is reliable and safe.Children over 8 years old are more vulnerable to empty ileum polyps and giant polyps.Therefore, it is advised that children aged above 8 years with PJS should undergo at least once enteroscopy.

Disialyllacto-N-tetraose improves intestinal homeostasis of metabolic microenvironment to prevent the pathological development of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) on low molecular weight metabolic profile of intestinal contents in neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), in an attempt to explore the protective mechanism of DLSNT on intestinal tract of neonates.Methods:Immediately after birth, SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the NEC group and the NEC+ DSLNT group according to random number tale method.All rats were hand-fed by special formula milk.Rats in the NEC group and NEC+ DSLNT group were exposed to hypoxia (950 mL/L nitrogen, 10 min, thrice per day) and cold stress (4 ℃, 10 min, thrice per day) for continuous 3 days to establish rodent NEC model.Rats in the NEC+ DSLNT group were hand-fed with special formula containing 300 μmol/L DSLNT.All rats were sacrificed after 72 h, and intestinal contents were collected from ileum and colon, followed by untargeted metabolomic determination with the ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q extractive mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS) method.The terminal ileum was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The metabolome data were analyzed with multivariable analysis using SIMCA 14.1.The metabolites that met both variable importance in the projection (VIP) >1 in the orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS-DA) model and P<0.05 in the t-test were screened as differential metabolites between groups. Results:DSLNT reduced the incidence of NEC and pathological scores of ileum tissue from neonatal rats with NEC [3.0(2.0, 3.0) scores vs.1.0(1.0, 2.0) scores, P<0.01], and also significantly suppressed inflammatory infiltration.OPLS-DA model based on the metabolome data determined by UHPLC-QE-MS could perform effective discrimination between the NEC group and the control group, as well as the NEC+ DSLNT group and the NEC group.There were 64 differential metabolites between the NEC group and the control group (VIP value>1 and P<0.05 for the OPLS-DA model). These metabolites included docosahexaenoic acid (+ 288.0%, P=0.028), xanthine (+ 372.1%, P=0.007), L-arginine (+ 233.1%, P=0.027), L-leucine (+ 232.7%, P=0.015), N-acetylneuraminic acid (-41.6%, P=0.014), and so forth.These metabolites were associated with 34 metabolic pathways.Among them, such 6 pathways as arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism were the most disturbed pathways affected by NEC.There were 15 diffe-rential metabolites in between NEC+ DSLNT group and NEC group, which included D-mannose (-73.5%, P=0.032), xanthine (-63.4%, P=0.008), linoleic acid (+ 137.9%, P=0.047), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (+ 278.2%, P=0.005), and so forth.These metabolites were mapped to 7 metabolic pathways, among them, linoleic acid metabolism pathway was the most relevant differential pathway affected by DSLNT.There were 8 overlapped meta-bolites in both comparison strategies, and the variation trend of these overlapped metabolites in the NEC group was significantly reversed by DSLNT supplementation. Conclusions:DSLNT could significantly attenuate the NEC pathological damage caused by hypoxia/cold stress in neonatal rats.This protective effect is associated with the improvement of the metabolic profile of intestinal contents caused by NEC and the modulation of the linoleic acid metabolic pathway.The early preventive supplementation of DSLNT is of great significance in maintaining neonatal intestinal homeostasis and preventing the process of NEC.

Analysis of self-efficacy and influencing factors of male nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate and analyze the current situation and influencing factors of professional decision-making self-efficacy of male nurses.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 133 male nurses from September to October 2020 in Shenzhen City as the research objects. The Self-efficacy Scale for Career Decision-making was used to conduct self-evaluation, career information collection, career goal selection, career planning formulation, and job-selection problem resolution.Results:Attitudes towards nursing majors, academic qualifications, reasons for applying for nursing majors, monthly family income, whether it is an only child, family residence, work status, number of job changes, mother′s education level, and married or not were the factors that affect male nurses′ professional self-efficacy ( t values were -1.989-12.523, F values were 7.476-325.316, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion:Career decision-making self-efficacy has a good guiding role in the career selection, development and planning of male nurses. Medical units should formulate reasonable training methods or related training for new male nurses entering the clinic, so as to increase male nurses′ recognition of their occupations, thereby enhancing them Career decision-making self-efficacy.

Correlation of fluid-attenuation inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity and clinical outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation of fluid-attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) vascular hyperintensity (FVH) and clinical outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke.Methods:Patients with acute middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and clinical data were collected. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and FVH score were performed with MRI images. The modified Rankin Scale (MRS) was used to evaluate the clinical outcome at 90 d after onset. 0-2 was defined as good outcome, and >2 was defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between FVH and the outcome. Results:A total of 65 patients with acute middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke were enrolled, including 37 males (56.9%). Their age was 64.35±12.13 years. Twenty-nine patients (44.6%) had a good outcome, and 36 (55.4%) had a poor outcome. There were significant differences in triglyceride ( P=0.037), antihypertensive drug treatment ( P=0.037), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ( P<0.001), DWI-ASPECTS ( P=0.017) and FVH score ( P<0.001) between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that FVH score (odds ratio 6.477, 95% confidence interval 1.570-26.716; P=0.010) and NIHSS score (odds ratio 1.869, 95% confidence interval 1.326-2.635; P<0.001) were significantly independently correlated with the poor outcome. However, there was no significant independent correlation between DWI-ASPECTS and the outcome (odds ratio 0.451, 95% confidence interval 0.068-2.988; P=0.410). Conclusions:FVH score is an independent risk factor for poor outcome in patients with acute middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke.

Relationship between fragmented QRS wave with ventricular arrhythmia's incidence situation and heart rate variability in patients with old myocardial infarction / 中国综合临床

Objective:To explore the relationship between fragmented QRS complex and heart rate variability (HRV) and ventricular arrhythmia in patients with old myocardial infarction.Methods:From August 2018 to October 2019, 200 patients with old myocardial infarction were first treated in the Department of cardiac function examination of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University. The patients were divided into 99 cases of old myocardial infarction with fragmented QRS wave group and 101 cases of old myocardial infarction without fragmented QRS wave group according to the case bank data and conventional 12 lead ECG diagnosis in our hospital for the first time. Then, the 24-h ambulatory ECG reexamined within 1 year after discharge was retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of ventricular arrhythmia was compared between the two groups by χ 2 test. The difference of heart rate variability between the two groups was compared by rank sum test. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the value of different indexes of heart rate variability in the evaluation of fragmented QRS complex in old myocardial infarction. Drawing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of different indexes of heart rate variability in the broken QRS complex of old myocardial infarction. Results:According to the Lown classification of ventricular premature contraction, the number of positive ventricular arrhythmias in patients with Grade Ⅰ of ventricular premature contraction and Grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ of ventricular premature contraction in the old myocardial infarction fragmented QRS group was higher than that in the old myocardial infarction non fragmented QRS group (Grade Ⅰ of ventricular premature contraction: 54.5% (54/99)and 39.6%(40/101); χ 2=4.484, P<0.05;Grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ of ventricular premature contraction: 34.3% (34/99) and 9.9%(10/101); χ 2=17.406, P<0.05)). Ventricular premature contraction Grade 0 old myocardial infarction fragmented QRS group was lower than old myocardial infarction non fragmented QRS group (8.1% (8/99) and 48.5% (49/101); χ 2=37.995, P<0.05). The total number of positive cases of ventricular arrhythmia in the old myocardial infarction group with fragmented QRS wave was higher than that in the old myocardial infarction group without fragmented QRS wave (91.9% (91/99) and 51.5%(52/101); χ 2=57.146, P<0.05)). There was no significant difference in the number of positive ventricular arrhythmias between the old myocardial infarction fragmentation QRS group and the old myocardial infarction non fragmentation QRS group ( P>0.05). The standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and the standard deviation of average NN intervals (SDANN) of HRV time domain indexes in the old myocardial infarction fragmented QRS group were higher than those in the old myocardial infarction non fragmented QRS Group (SDNN:143.00(122.00,166.00) vs. 110.00(95.00,130.50), Z=5.780, P<0.05; SDANN:112.00(100.00,136.00) vs. 96.00(76.00,118.50), Z=4.013, P<0.05). Multiple Logistics regression analysis results of HRV domain shows that HRV time domain SDNN and SDANN have diagnositic value in diagnosis fQRS after OMI(SDNN: OR=0.949, 95% CI:0.922-0.977, P<0.001; SDANN: OR=1.036, 95% CI:1.005-1.068, P=0.022). Area under ROC curve of HRV time domain SDNN and SDANN have particular diagnositic accuracy in diagnosis fQRS after OMI(SDNN: AUC 0.737, 95% CI 0.666-0.807, Sensitivity 0.818, Specificity 0.634; SDANN: AUC 0.664, 95% CI 0.587-0.741, Sensitivity 0.737, Specificity 0.673. 0.5<AUC<1). Conclusion:Fragmented QRS complex was positively correlated with the incidence and severity of ventricular arrhythmia in patients with old myocardial infarction, and positively correlated with time-domain indexes SDNN and SDANN of heart rate variability in patients with old myocardial infarction.

Non-targeted metabolomics of intestinal contents of neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To study the change and characterization of metabolic profile of intestinal contents of the neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) using metabolomics approach,in order to figure out potential biomarkers of NEC.Method Twenty rats with three-postnatal day-old fed with special formula were assigned to control group (n =8) and NEC group (n =12) randomly.Experimental NEC of rats in NEC group were induced by exposing to cold stimulation at 4 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes and to hypoxia at 95％ nitrogen for 10 minutes,three times a day for three consecutive days.All the rats were sacrificed after model preparation.Segments of the ileum of all the rats were collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining and subsequent pathological damage evaluation.The intestinal contents of the ileum and colon were collected by perfusion,followed by lyophilization and analyzed by UHPLC-QE-MS in order to conduct the non-target metabolomic determination.The information of the metabolites determined was calculated by multivariable analysis using SIMCA software.Result The pathological damage scores of NEC group were higher than those of the control group [(3.13 ± 0.83) vs.(0.25 ± 0.46),P ＜ 0.001].The results of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model showed that in the ESI + mode,R2(x) =0.604,R2(y) =0.583,Q2 =0.960,while in the ESI-mode,the OPLS-DA model R2(x) =0.828,R2(y) =0.999,and Q2 =0.713,indicating that there is a significant difference in the intestinal content metabolic profile between the control group and the NEC group.Forty-eight differential metabolites related to NEC were identified.In ESI-mode,there were 22 differential metabolites,including L-isoisoleucine (+ 221％) and D-phenylalanine (+ 230％),L-histidine (+ 284％),xanthine (+ 207％),glutamyl leucine (+ 246％),allose (-70％),myristic acid (-57％) and pentadecanoic acid (-35％).What is more,in the ESI + mode,26 other differential metabolites were identified,including ornithine (+ 268％),D-leucine (+ 176％),L-iso Leucine (+ 213％),acetylcholine (+ 195％),nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (+ 199％),citrulline (+ 158％),cytosine (-58％),xanthoic acid (-64％).These metabolites were reflected to 33 different metabolic pathways in KEGG databases.The pathway enrichment analysis and pathway topology analysis with MetaboAnalyst indicated that the arginine and proline metabolic pathways,histidine metabolic pathways,and glutathione metabolic pathways were the top altered pathways in the condition of NEC.Conclusion The metabolic profile of intestinal contents in NEC rats was significantly different from that in normal rats,which was characterized by amino acid accumulation,mainly involving the metabolic pathways of arginine,proline,histidine and glutathione.The detection of intestinal contents metabolic profile,especially amino acid metabolize group may be of great significance for the diagnosis of NEC,and improving intestinal microenvironment may be the key strategy for the prevention and treatment of NEC.

Adaptive amino acid substitutions enable transmission of an H9N2 avian influenza virus in guinea pigs.

H9N2 is the most prevalent low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) in domestic poultry in the world. Two distinct H9N2 poultry lineages, G1-like (A/quail/Hong Kong/G1/97) and Y280-like (A/Duck/Hong Kong/Y280/1997) viruses, are usually associated with binding affinity for both α 2,3 and α 2,6 sialic acid receptors (avian and human receptors), raising concern whether these viruses possess pandemic potential. To explore the impact of mouse adaptation on the transmissibility of a Y280-like virus A/Chicken/Hubei/214/2017(H9N2) (abbreviated as WT), we performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the WT virus in mice. The mouse-adapted variant (MA) exhibited enhanced pathogenicity and advantaged transmissibility after passaging in mice. Sequence analysis of the complete genomes of the MA virus revealed a total of 16 amino acid substitutions. These mutations distributed across 7 segments including PB2, PB1, PA, NP, HA, NA and NS1 genes. Furthermore, we generated a panel of recombinant or mutant H9N2 viruses using reverse genetics technology and confirmed that the PB2 gene governing the increased pathogenicity and transmissibility. The combinations of 340 K and 588 V in PB2 were important in determining the altered features. Our findings elucidate the specific mutations in PB2 contribute to the phenotype differences and emphasize the importance of monitoring the identified amino acid substitutions due to their potential threat to human health.

Development of a New Molecular Marker for the Resistance to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) responsible for tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) causes a substantial decrease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yield worldwide. The use of resistant variety as a sustainable management strategy has been advocated. Tremendous progress has been made in genetically characterizing the resistance genes (R gene) in tomato. Breeding tomato for TYLCV resistance has been based mostly on Ty-3 as a race-specific resistance gene by introgression originating from wild tomato species relatives. Improvement or development of a cultivar is achievable through the use of marker-assisted selection (MAS). Therefore, precise and easy use of gene-targeted markers would be of significant importance for selection in breeding programs. The present study was undertaken to develop a new marker based on Ty-3 gene sequence that can be used for MAS in TYLCV resistant tomato breeding program. The new developed marker was named ACY. The reliability and accuracy of ACY were evaluated against those of Ty-3 linked marker P6-25 through screening of commercial resistant and susceptible tomato hybrids, and genetic segregation using F2 population derived from a commercial resistant hybrid AG208. With the use of bioinformatics and DNA sequencing analysis tools, deletion of 10 nucleotides was observed in Ty-3 gene sequence for susceptible tomato variety. ACY is a co-dominant indel-based marker that produced clear and strong polymorphic band patterns for resistant plant distinguishing it from its susceptible counterpart. The obtained result correlates with 3:1 segregation ratio of single resistant dominant gene inheritance, which depicted ACY as gene-tag functional marker. This marker is currently in use for screening 968 hybrids varieties and one thousand breeding lines of tomato varieties stocked in Jiangsu Green Port Modern Agriculture Development Company (Green Port). So far, ACY has been used to identify 56 hybrids and 51 breeding lines. These newly detected breeding lines were regarded as potential source of resistance for tomato breeding. This work exploited the sequence of Ty-3 and subsequently contributed to the development of molecular marker ACY to aid phenotypic selection. We thus recommend this marker to breeders, which is suitable for marker-assisted selection in tomato.

Investigation and analysis of the trend of emergency patients in a 3rd grade class a hospital in 2016 / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of meteorological factors on the number of patients and the time patients visiting the emergency department for medical care.Methods The data of meteorological variation and air pollution associated with the characteristics of distribution of time when the patients visited the emergency department in a tertiary grade A class hospital in Shanghai were collected in 2016.Quasi Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) applied for time series analysis was used to find the correlation between daily temperature and number of patients visiting emergency department,and with the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) the relationship between the temperature and humidity was established and the confounding factors related with time visiting the emergency department was controlled in this model.Results In 2016,the average number of emergency visits in a tertiary grade A class hospital in Shanghai was 1027.The peak flow of patients occurred between 18:00 to-22:00 and trough emerged between 2:00 to-8:00.The number of visits in winter was greater than that in spring and autumn,and the number of patients on weekends and holidays was more than that on weekdays.The response of temperature exposure to the change of emergency volume in the hospital showed a J shape distribution.The low temperature and high temperature caused increase in visits,and the low temperature effect could last more than 2 weeks.The lowest number of visits occurred when the temperature (that is the lowest suitable temperature for medical treatment) was about 7 degrees Celsius,and the daily number of patients in emergency internal medicine was increased to 1.09 times (95％CI:1.03～1.16) compared with the optimum temperature.Compared with the optimum temperature,the daily visits increased to 1.27 times (95％CI:1.08～1.50) in the highest temperature.When the suitable temperature decreased by 1 degree,the visiting quantity increased by 2.43％ (95％CI:0.83％～4.18％),and the number of visits increased by 0.96％ (95％CI:0.31％～1.64％) every 1 degree rise.Conclusions There was a difference in the number of emergency visits between different times,and low temperature and high temperature had an obvious influence on the amount of emergency visits,and the effect of low temperature on the volume of visits was more lasting.

Perioperative nursing for patients with acute deep vein thrombosis receiving mechanical thrombectomy / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To discuss the perioperative nursing measures for patients with acute deep vein thrombosis who are receiving mechanical thrombectomy.Methods The clinical data of 9 patients with acute deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs,who were admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery,Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University,Beijing,China,during the period from January 2015 to February 2016 to receive mechanical thrombectomy,were retrospectively analyzed.The nursing methods were summarized and the key points of nursing care were discussed.Results All patients were successfully treated with mechanical thrombectomy,and in all 9 patients the venous blood flow recovered after treatment.Careful and comprehensive nursing measures were strictly carried out after treatment,and the lower limb swelling symptoms were significantly improved in all patients (P＜0.05).No perioperative complications occurred.Conclusion In treating acute deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs with mechanical thrombectomy method,strict perioperative care is particularly important.Understanding the key points of nursing care and strict implementation of the corresponding nursing measures can help patients to recover promptly.

Verification and Evaluation on Microbial Limit Test of Methodology for Changyanning Tablets in ChP 2015 / 中国药师

Objective: To provide a method of microbial limit test for Changyanning tablets and carry out the verification of the mothod.Methods: A plate method was used in the total aerobic microbial count and the concentration of the test liquid was 1∶100.A plate method was used in the total yeast and mold count while the concentration of the test liquid was 1∶10.The direct inoculation method was used for the detection of Escherichia coli,bile-tolerant gram-negative bacteria and Salmonella enterica subsp.Results: The recoveries of the five strains were from 0.5 to 2.0.Conclusion: The method is suitable for the microbial limit examination of Changyanning tablets.